It is better to add some words to translate Qu Yuan's Fu.

I only found appreciation and translation. You should have it in your reference book, right? I remember reviewing this kind of ancient prose before.

Diao qu fu yuan

Jia yi

original text

Friendship is the teacher of Changsha Wang, but I am not satisfied. And the degree of Hunan water, to give Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan, Chu Ye. He was exiled and wrote "Li Sao", and the last article said: "It's gone! There is no one in the country, and I know it. " So he died in Miluo. Friendship after injury, because of self-metaphor, its word:

Gongcheng Jiahui Xi, one day sin Changsha; As soon as I heard about Qu Yuan, I sank to Miluo. Create Xiang Liu, respect Mr. Diao; It is very embarrassing to suffer from this world, but it is embarrassing. Alas! It's just the right time for couples to crouch and owls to soar. I am proud, I am successful; The sage is dragging his feet and the founder is falling backwards. The world means obedience, being degraded into embarrassment and being mean; Mo Xie is a blunt object, and a lead knife is a shovel. Silent, born for no reason; I abandoned Zhou Ding, and Baokang was very happy. Teng is driving a cow, which is very awkward; A horse with two ears, a salt car. Zhang Fu recommended shoes, which won't last long; Mr. Bitter, I'm sorry I'm alone.

Xun Yue: It's over! I know nothing about this country, but who is it? The phoenix floated away, but died high, but was led away. The dragon that attacked Jiuyuan? "Deep dive and cherish yourself; I hid in my hiding place, but did my husband follow shrimp and leeches? Your saint's god is virtuous, away from the secular, hide yourself; This can tie the horse and bind it. How can it be different? Generally speaking, it is particularly embarrassing to leave here, which is also the reason of the host. I have traveled all over Kyushu, but I am a gentleman. Why should I conceive this capital? Phoenix flies thousands of miles, overlooking Dehui; Seeing the danger of virtue, I once drove it away. He is so dirty, how can he let his husband swallow the giant fish on the boat? The killer whales in the Jianghu are really ants.

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Qu Yuan Fu was slandered and rejected by the internal contradictions of Jia ruling class. It was written after Wendi was demoted to Teacher Wang of Changsha in the third year (BC 177). He thought his political experience was similar to Qu Yuan's, so before Qu Yuan died, he not only regretted his misfortune, but also expressed great sympathy for him. At the same time, Qu Yuan's bumpy life was used as a metaphor to expose the right and wrong of the ruler, and black and white were reversed, expressing his feelings of injustice and unwillingness to yield. It is both a tribute to the past and a wound to the present.

In 22 1 year BC, history entered the unified Qin and Han dynasties. During this period, hundred schools of thought's thoughts gradually merged into the pre-Qin period, the exclusive position of Confucianism was initially established, the achievements of Han Fu and historiography were outstanding, Buddhism began to be introduced into China, and Taoism was gradually formed. In this new cultural pattern, Changsha's Han culture radiates dazzling brilliance. There are a number of cultural masters such as Jia Yi and Zhang Zhongjing, and the arts and crafts such as silk weaving and lacquerware have reached new heights.

Jia Yi was born in Luoyang, Henan. /kloc-when he was 0/8 years old, he was famous in the county because he could recite poems. Recommended by the satrap Wu Tingwei, he was called a doctor by Emperor Wen and soon became a doctor in Taizhong. Jia Yi tried to innovate politics and put forward a series of suggestions, such as "changing one's tune, changing one's color, institutionalizing, naming officials, and promoting rites and music". He was appreciated by Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, and once wanted to promote him as a minister, but he was vilified by ministers such as Zhou Bo and Deng Tong, saying that he was "a beginner in youth, specializing in usurping power and disorderly affairs", and finally he was not reused. Before 176, Jia Yi was transferred from Beijing and was appointed as the teacher of Changsha Wang. Then, after Qu Yuan, another outstanding writer came to Changsha.

Changsha, in the eyes of the Central Plains people at that time, was a lonely place with rainy and humid weather. The position of minister Wang Taibo was only responsible for tutoring the princes, but he did not have the power to handle actual political affairs. Therefore, Jia Yi slowly went south with a melancholy mood. When he came to the edge of Xiangjiang River, Qu Yuan jumped and couldn't help showing it in his mind. /kloc-More than 0/00 years ago, Qu Yuan, loyal, honest and clean, was exiled here, and now he has been framed and escorted to Changsha. What a similar situation. Jia Yi was filled with emotion and wrote the famous Han Fu "Diaoqu Fuyuan". Fu wrote

(translation):

"I came to Changsha to be punished by a letter, and I couldn't help thinking of Qu Yuan, who kept sinking and gurgling. You have been endlessly slandered by the world and even ruined your life; You are pathetic, in this ominous age! Now the husband and wife are hiding and running away, while strange birds are soaring in the sky; A worthless person who has no talent wins his ambition and enjoys his glory, but a wise saint is untenable and slandered; Saying "Bian is ugly and vulgar", stealing feet village has become clean; A sword like Mo Xie is called rusty and dull, but a rusty knife is praised as sharp. You really can't display your ambition, and you die for it! This is like abandoning Zhou Ding, but treating the earthen basin as a treasure; Treat the lame donkey as a donkey, but let the good horse drag the salt cart; Low crown, high shoes. You are unfortunate, sir! "

Jia Yi's deep mourning for Qu Yuan's experience in Fu is actually a sorrow for his own situation, because their experiences have too many similarities. He combined the indignation in his heart with Qu Yuan's sadness and meditation to express his great dissatisfaction with the unfair situation of frustrated sages and successful villains in the world. However, on the premise of consistent feelings, Jia Yi did not agree with Qu Yuan's act of sacrificing his life for his country. He believes that despite the harsh environment, he will live tenaciously. Although he will live in Changsha with low humidity and may not live long, he still doesn't want to commit suicide. He said in "Diaoqu Fu Yuan" (translation):

"Kyushu all over the world will have a place to display their ambitions. Why do they only have this capital? Phoenix flies thousands of miles and chooses a place with glorious morality to fall; If you see a despicable person, sinister signs will blow your wings and leave.

The difference between Jia Yi and Qu Yuan lies in their different views on life and death. Qu Yuan gave birth to the Confucian thought of killing oneself and becoming a human being. If his ideal can't be realized, he will sacrifice his life. In addition to Confucianism, Jia Yi also had the broad-minded spirit of Taoism which prevailed in the early Han Dynasty. Therefore, if we compare their works, we can find that Jia Yi is not so profound in the sense of worrying about the country and the people as Qu Yuan. Jia Yi is not as persistent as Qu Yuan in the pursuit of his ideal. It seems that he is more open-minded and knows the world better.

One day in Jia Yi's third year as Teacher Wang in Changsha, a bird (owl) flew into his house. People in Changsha believe that the owner of the house where the owl went will die soon. Jia Yi's exile in Changsha was already frustrating, but it happened again. He was even more moved by this scene and felt sad. When he wrote "Bird Fu", he used the excuse of answering Peng Bird, expressing his feelings of talent, and forgiving me with Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi's thought of "sharing life and death, waiting for misfortune and happiness".

Bird Fu began to describe the year, month and day when birds entered the house. The master felt very strange, so he opened the Raiders for divination and got the answer that the master would die (or go away). After divination, the master asked the bird to tell the good and bad luck and the delay of death. Next, Jia Yi said (translated) through the mouth of the bird and its owner:

Disaster is the place where happiness exists, and there is always disaster in happiness; Sorrow and joy often coexist, and there are many good and bad luck. So ordinary people can't guess, and we can't participate in the discussion. Life and death are decided by fate sooner or later. How does a bird know its time? Life is like a boat, and death is like rest; Therefore, moral people have no worries, and knowledgeable people do not know sorrow; How can they doubt a little bad feelings!

Here, Jia Yi made insightful comments on fate, death and life based on the Taoist viewpoint that everything is in opposition and changing repeatedly, in an attempt to obtain his own spiritual liberation. However, people can still feel that in Jia Yi's broad-minded spiritual world, they are still enduring deep sorrow!

Fu is the representative of literature in Han Dynasty, and it is a style developed on the basis of Chu Ci. Han Fu can be roughly divided into two types, one is the Sao Fu that directly imitates Qu Yuan's Lisao style, and the other is the prose Fu newly created in Han Dynasty, which is developing day by day and becoming the main body of Han Fu. Jia Yi's Ode to Qu Yuan in Changsha is a masterpiece of Sao Fu in the early Han Dynasty, and Feiniao Fu is the first prose fu in the Han Dynasty, which marks the emergence of a new prose fu and lays the foundation for the rise of prose fu in the future. Because these two poems were written in Changsha, Changsha played an important role in the formation of Han Fu.

Although Jia Yi was depressed during his tenure as Teacher Wang in Changsha, he did not forget his concern for national politics. For example, in the early Han dynasty, the court allowed the people to cast money, so Jia Yi wrote against it. He thinks that people's minting money has three shortcomings: (1) there will be a lot of fake money; (2) The weight of money invested in different places will be different, which is not conducive to circulation; (3) Casting money is profitable. If a large number of laborers are attracted to invest money, it will affect agricultural production. Unfortunately, the opinions were not adopted.

Jia Yi has lived in Changsha for more than four years, and his activities and writings have a great influence on the culture of Changsha and Hunan. Scholars in Changsha in past dynasties were proud that Jia Yi, a cultural master, had lived in his hometown, and many poets claimed to be descendants of Qu family. Jia Yi's former residence is located in Taifuli, Taiping Street, Tianxin District, Changsha. The original poem was built by Jia Taifu, and many scholars came here to pay their respects after the Han Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, Liu Changqing left a poem "Three years in exile here, ten thousand years in Chu Liuxiang". Li Dongyang inscribed the inscription of Jia Taifu Temple in Ming Dynasty. There is a well near the alley in front of the temple, which is big and small. It is said that it was carved by Jia Yi, and it is called Taifujing or Hujing. Du Fu's poem "Chang Huai Jia Yi Jing still exists" is also called Chang Huai Jing. Jia Taifu Temple in the Qing Dynasty has buildings such as the Public Security Hall, Xiaoxiang Villa, Daguanlou and Peiqiu Pavilion. There is still a temple and a wooden statue of Jia Yi in the room, which shows Changsha people's nostalgia and recollection of this famous Han Fu.