Teaching plan of high school art appreciation "Chu Wang won the championship-bronze art of Shang and Zhou Dynasties"

High school art appreciation "Did Wang Chu win? Bronze art teaching plan of Shang and Zhou Dynasties;

1, so that students can understand the brilliant achievements of ancient bronze art in China.

2. Understand how bronzes play an important role in downloading social flash courseware templates with their decorative patterns and inscriptions.

Teaching focus:

Bronze art has different characteristics in different stages of development:

Shang Dynasty worshiped ghosts and gods.

Rites and Music System in Western Zhou Dynasty

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the ceremony collapsed.

Teaching difficulties:

Students are not familiar with the social and historical environment in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties. There are many uncommon words in the names of ancient bronzes, and their uses are not clear.

Teaching process:

First, import:

Introduction: In different historical stages, there are representative arts and crafts. If pottery is a symbol of the Neolithic Age in primitive society, then bronze technology has become a typical representative of arts and crafts.

Blackboard Writing: Bronzes of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties

Second, new funding.

1, what is bronze?

Bronzes made of copper and tin-lead alloys are cast in wax or clay molds.

2. The appearance of bronzes and their historical background.

Guide students to make a simple explanation according to their historical knowledge.

3, the function of bronze ware

Combined with works appreciation:

Ritual vessel: Muswuding

Musical instrument: clock

Weapon: Gou Jian, King of Yue

Other tools of life

4. The four periods in which the bronze craft changed greatly in modeling and decoration, and the main characteristics of the bronze craft in each period.

Shang Dynasty worshiped ghosts and gods.

Rites and Music System in Western Zhou Dynasty

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the ceremony collapsed.

In the early Shang dynasty, daily necessities were the main products, and thin fetuses were mostly simple and gluttonous.

In the late Shang dynasty, the fetal wall was thickened, the decorative patterns were gradually enriched and the composition was complete. Appreciate the dragon and tiger statue and the rich melon.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, slavery tended to collapse, bronze crafts began to get rid of the mysterious religious atmosphere in modeling and decoration, and argumentative essays developed into fresh and lively styles, becoming ingenious and rich. Appreciate "Erecting a Crane Square Pot"

As the beginning of feudal society, the Warring States period was in a period of innovation, and new technologies were widely popular, resulting in a two-in-one vessel-Zeng Hou Zun Pan.

Guide appreciation.

Third, summary:

The emergence, development and change of ancient bronze art are closely related to the social situation at that time. It is necessary to understand the four periods of great changes in the shape and decoration of bronze technology and the main characteristics of bronze technology in each period.

Fourth, assign homework after class.

After reading the book? A small dictionary? .

Art Appreciation in Senior High School: Did Wang Chu Win? The Teaching Purpose of Bronze Art in Shang and Zhou Dynasties

1, so that students can understand the brilliant achievements of ancient bronze art in China.

2. Understand how bronze ware embodies its great social function through its shape, decoration and inscription.

Teaching focus

Bronze art in different stages of development has different characteristics of the times: the Shang Dynasty respected gods and attached importance to ghosts, the ritual and music system in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the ritual and music in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period collapsed.

Teaching difficulties

Students are not familiar with the social and historical environment in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties. There are many uncommon words in the names of ancient bronzes, and their uses are not clear.

teaching process

First, import

1. Like other countries in the world, the development of arts and crafts in China has gone through a long historical stage. From primitive society, slave society and feudal society to today, representative arts and crafts works have appeared in different historical stages. If pottery is a sign of entering the Neolithic Age, then bronze craft has become a typical representative of arts and crafts in slave society.

2. When it comes to bronzes, we will immediately think of China fine bronzes that you have studied in the past: Simuwu Fang Ding and Siyang Fangzun, but have you ever considered why they are called Zun and Ding? Then in this lesson, we will learn more about the emergence, development and artistic characteristics of bronze wares as handicrafts.

Second, new funding.

1. The concept of bronzes: bronzes made of copper, tin and lead alloys, wax and clay molds.

2. The historical environment in which bronzes were produced: the establishment of slave society provided a great place for collective labor, which laid the foundation for the manufacture of bronzes; The transformation from primitive society to slave society, and the development of productivity and the progress of culture and art caused by it. From18th century BC to 22 1 year BC, Qin Shihuang unified the world, which lasted 1500 years. It can be said that it is a brilliant and dazzling period for the development of bronze culture in China.

3. Symbolic significance of bronzes: Bronzes symbolize the authority of slave owners and have the function of distinguishing between noble and noble. As a mirror of slave society, bronze craft reflects the politics, economy, culture, military and other aspects of this period, especially the inscriptions on bronzes directly reflect the real situation of slave society; Different grades of bronzes are different in size, quantity and quality.

4. Use of bronzes: Bronzes were cut off for the enjoyment of slave owners and nobles at that time. Some bronzes used for sacrifices and banquets have been given special significance and become the embodiment of the ritual system, called ritual vessels.

5. How to make bronzes: lost wax method? First, wax is used as the model of the vessel, and then fine mud is poured repeatedly to form a certain thickness. When the mud is dry, heat it to make the wax flow out, and then pour in the copper liquid. This method has continued to this day, reflecting the infinite creativity of working people.

6. Types of bronzes:

Overview:

(a) daily necessities [ritual vessels (also practical, practical is the premise)]

Cooking utensils (ritual vessels): Ding, Wei and Wei.

Wine vessels (ritual vessels): Zun, Yi, Hu, Jue and Song.

Food containers: beans and reeds

Water container: plate

(2) Musical instruments: chimes, chimes.

(3) Weapons: spears, swords, spears and cymbals.

(4) Tools, chariots and horses: axe, bronze chariot of Qin Shihuang's mausoleum.

In detail:

(a) daily necessities [ritual vessels (also practical, practical is the premise)]

1, cooker

① Ding: used for cooking meat, solid, square and round, with round ding with three feet and ears and Fang Ding with four feet and ears; In the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, as a symbol of rank and political power, it had a particularly important position and became an important symbol of slave-owner class rule.

D hierarchical performance: word: one word, nine words, one foot, one name, multiple voices, great help.

Practice: Emperor Jiuding, Minister Seven Ding, Qing Da Fu Five Ding, Shu Ren Three Ding, civilians are not allowed to use Ding. Unified world scale? Dingding?

Are these two countries at war? Take a tripod?

Chu Zhuangwang claimed the importance to Zhou Tianzi, and expressed his ambition to change the regime more easily. Win the championship? )

As a national instrument, whenever there is a major event in the country, it is engraved with an inscription (inscription: whenever there is a major event in the country, it is engraved on the wall of the instrument to show future generations), which is a national treasure.

In the art of all nationalities in the world, it is rare that an object contains such important social, political and religious significance. At this time, the bronze ware was not only a practical product, but also a symbol of kingship consciousness.

(2) Wei: Wei is a foot-wrapped, three-legged hollow, which is convenient for large-scale heating.

(3) retort: retort is placed on it, which is equivalent to a steamer with a grate in the middle (equivalent to a pot curtain with a hole in the middle, which is convenient for ventilation), and food is placed on it for drainage.

2. Food containers

1 beans: beans are tall plates used to hold leeks and meat sauce.

2 reed: a big bowl of rice. Its manufacturing purpose is mainly as a sacrificial vessel. After the Western Zhou Dynasty, Gui received special attention. Some famous inscriptions, such as Li Gui and I Gui, involved some important historical events in the early days of the founding of the Western Zhou Dynasty.

③ hairpin: an ancient square vessel for holding millet, millet, rice and sorghum, also known as? Hu? Or? Hu? .

3. Wine containers

① Zun: vessels for holding wine are named according to their shapes, such as Niu Zun, Yang Zun, Xiang Zun and Long Hu Zun. In the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, as a symbol of rank and political power, it had a particularly important position and became an important symbol of slave-owner class rule.

Levels of respect: Text: Ninth Five-Year Plan, Supreme, Honorable Person, Your Father, Respect, Your Wife, etc.

Execution: People who hold or are close to respect in sacrificial ceremonies are high-ranking people.

② Pot: a utensil for holding wine (Lotus Crane Square Pot in the middle of Spring and Autumn Period)

③ 330: vessels for holding wine (bird pattern 330 in early Western Zhou Dynasty)

(4) Wine glasses (Regal Kiln in Shang Dynasty)

⑤ Jue: Wine glass

4, water device

(1) plate: a vessel for holding water, with a large plate for bathing and a small plate for washing hands and faces (Zeng Hou Zun plate in the Warring States period).

② moo

③ glenoid

④ Jane

⑤

(2) Musical instruments

1) bell

(2) Indulge in

(3) Weapons

① spear

② Sword

③ Gege

④ graupel

(4) Tools, chariots and horses

① axe

(2) The bronze chariots of Qin Shihuang's mausoleum

7. Analysis of works

1, Long Huzun: It is a typical work of bronze art style in the late Shang Dynasty. In terms of modeling and decoration, it is a big leap and typical compared with the early works of Shang Dynasty? Three layers of flowers? Style decoration. This masterpiece comes from the creation of working people, from which we can see that labor creates art, and the progress of bronze craft is the full embodiment of the hard work and wisdom of working people.

2. Fufuwa: It was a wine container in the late Shang Dynasty. Fu Hao was one of more than 60 wives of Wu Ding in Shang and Five Dynasties, and the earliest female politician and strategist in China. Fu Hao presided over various types and names of ancestor worship and divination activities many times, and used theocracy to serve the rule of Shang Dynasty. In addition, she was sent by Wu Ding to fight many times, which made great contributions to the territory expansion of Shang Dynasty. Wu Ding dotes on her very much, and often prays for ghosts and gods to bless her health and longevity. Thus, China's heroes appeared before Mulan and Mu.

Although Fu Hao's tomb is small, it is well preserved, with extremely rich funerary objects, including *** 1928 pieces, among which bronzes and jades can best reflect the cultural development level of Yin Ruins, and generally reflect the types and combinations of ritual vessels in Shang Dynasty before and after Wuding, which is an important material for studying the ritual system in Shang Dynasty.

8. Patterns of bronzes

(1) animal pattern

① Gluttonous lines: most of them are located in the protruding part of the abdomen, and the lines are symmetrical with the nose as the center. Gluttony is a carnivorous beast in ancient legends.

② Real dragon tattoo: an animal similar to a dragon.

③ Bird pattern: A bird with a long tail is composed of a pattern, and a bird with a corolla on its head is also called a phoenix pattern.

④ Fish shape

(2) Geometric texture

① Linetype

② rope pattern

③ flaky particles

(3) Personality activity pattern

It mostly reflects the ritual life scenes such as feasting, dancing, hunting, land and water attack and war.

10, the meaning of bronze:

(1) Physically, the invention of bronzes promoted the trend of economic revolution and strengthened knives, plows and shovels. For farming families; For fishermen and hunters, their spears and arrows are sharp. It not only increased the industrial harvest, but also ensured the stability of people's lives, thus making the Shang Dynasty develop into the most powerful country at that time.

② Spiritually: In the long development process, the working people have integrated their rich creativity, imagination and aesthetic consciousness, and combined practical functions with aesthetic ideals, making bronzes a treasure in the history of arts and crafts in China.

Famous bronzes

The largest bronze container? Simuwu Fang Ding was unearthed in Anyang, Henan.

The biggest bell? The bells of Zeng Houyi unearthed in Suizhou, Hubei Province.

The earliest? Ceng Houyi refrigerator ice guide unearthed in Suizhou, Hubei.

The biggest Fang Zun? Four sheep Fang Zun unearthed in Ningxiang, Hunan Province

The largest bronze ware? The bronze chariots and horses of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum were unearthed in Lintong, Shaanxi.

The highest-priced bronze medal at auction? Pan Tianbang cube was unearthed in Taoyuan, Hunan, with a price of 9.24 million US dollars.

The tallest single bronze ware? Bronze sacred tree, unearthed in Sanxingdui, Sichuan, 3.95 meters.