Seeking high marks: Zhuge Liang \ Sima Yi \ Guo Jia \ Zhou Yu, which of these four people has better comprehensive ability?

Guo Jia is a professional and Zhuge Liang is a generalist. These two people can't compare, and Zhuge Cai was born when Guo Jia died, and there was no contest at all. But if the strategy is single, I think Guo Jia should be slightly better.

Zhuge Liang is a great politician, and Guo Jia is a strategist. But because Lao Luo once deified Zhuge, we later learned that everything we worshipped was false, and our love for Zhuge fell to the bottom. And the appearance of Guo Jia gives us hope. Cao Cao's sentence "Guo Fengxiao is here, don't let us be lonely here" makes us fantasize, if Guo Jia was still alive, if ... too much, if we began to admire Guo Jia.

I'm a big fan, and I've liked Guo Jia since I started watching the Three Kingdoms. Not only because of his cleverness, but also because of his publicity and Cao Cao's familiarity. Whenever in doubt, ask Guo Jia, and every argument ends in "filial piety and loneliness are the same".

Although Guo Jia's life was short, he used countless tricks, and all of them were bizarre and risky. When Cao Cao was in a dilemma, he strengthened his faith and destroyed Lu Bu in one fell swoop. The "virtual country expedition" attacked Wuwan, and Yuan's remnants had no place to stand. It was his life that left us with the words "the soldiers are expensive and fast". On the other hand, Zhuge is a famous politician. He developed Shu and gave Liu Bei, who had nothing, three points of the world. But when it comes to fighting strategy, he abandoned Luo Guanzhong's Burning Hope, Borrowing an Arrow from a Grass Boat, Borrowing the East Wind, and even Zhou Yu's Burning Red Cliff. He has made no special achievements in strategy. Prime Minister Zhuge, who was cautious and strict with himself all his life, hardly fought a classic war example worthy of going down in history.

In the 12th year of Jian 'an (AD 207), Guo Jia died at the age of 38. In the same year, Liu Bei invited Zhuge Liang from Wollongong. Guo Jia is a strategic genius and Zhuge is a political genius. We deeply regret that, as bystanders of history, we failed to see these two rare geniuses fighting with each other.

Regarding these, it is suggested that the landlord can often visit Zhuge Liang and Guo Jia in Baidu, where there are many classic posts and discussions. There is also an article "Born in Guo Fengxiao" written by Mr. Zhou Zexiong, which is a good article in this respect. I suggest the landlord have a look /f? kz=4582378

Most people misunderstand the impression that Sima Yi usurped Cao Wei. If it is not romance, it is that the official career is prosperous and loyalty and treachery are quite negotiable.

First of all, from the existing historical data, there is no evidence that Sima Yi betrayed the Cao Wei royal family. Sima Yi stayed at home with Lord Wei and Queen Guo and made a crusade against foreign forces, except that Gao Pingling was criticized for killing Cao Shuang. However, Cao Shuang is not equal to royalty. Sima Yi and Cao Shuang are both ministers of Fuzheng, and they are both minions of the Lord of Wei. Sima Yi's removal of Cao Shuang is equivalent to Cao Shuang's exclusion of Sima Yi. If Sima Yi falsely accuses Cao Shuang, the assistant minister at the same level, is it possible for Cao Shuang to count Sima Yi as guilty and cheat you? Throughout Sima Yi's life, Cao Fang, the monarch, did not lose the position of Wei, and asserted that Sima Yi usurped Cao Wei, as if Cao Cao had usurped the Han Dynasty again and again. In fact, it was all done by later generations, and Cao Cao and Sima Yi should not be blamed. In the end, Cao Pi usurped Han and Wei.

Look at Sima Yi's life first. He is the guardian of Cao Wei Empire.

As far as the military is concerned, there were two invasions, one was a hundred-year disaster in the northeast, the other was to block Zhuge's northern expedition in the southwest, and the other was to retreat from Soochow. Anne had a battalion to capture Mengda and put down the rebellion in the tomb (plus Wu and Zhuge Dan collectively called Huainan Three Rebellions, which were all decided by Sima Jia, but that was after Sima Shi).

In terms of internal affairs, the supply of materials makes the front line worry-free. Cao Pi also thinks that Sima Yi, who is "the man in the town, provides troops from outside", has Liu Bang's Xiao He demeanor. Compared with the tradition of returning grain from Shu to Han, one of the reasons for Cao Wei's military advantage is that logistics has made continuous contributions and bears the brunt. Reclamation in Shangtuo and Huaibei; Iron smelting in Tianshui, Jingzhao and Annan, irrigation of national canals, wide water diversion canals, and construction of Jinpo and Southeast Slope. As a result, thousands of hectares of fertile farmland have been irrigated and the country has become rich.

In time, xelloss died at the age of forty, and Cao Rui only lived at the age of thirty-four. The sum of father and son is only seventy-four, only one year older than Sima Yi. Sima Yiguang devoted himself to Cao Cao's parents for 41 years from the 13th year of Jian 'an to the first year of Jiaping, and his achievements can be summarized as "going out into the phase". Life is 70 years old. If Sima Yi died at the age of 70, there would be no subsequent killing of Cao Shuang. Therefore, Sima Yi 'an's life is busy inside and outside, and I don't know how to evaluate it.

As far as Cao Shuang's loyalty to Cao Fang, the ruler of Wei, was concerned, Cao Fang ascended the throne at a young age, and Ben lived alone with Empress Guo. Cao Shuang first moved the Empress Dowager back to Yongning Palace and separated Empress Dowager Guo from Cao Fang. On the one hand, he acts arbitrarily. Besides spreading his henchmen widely, he also changed the original system, which Wei could not prohibit, and Cao Shuang contributed a lot. On the other hand, he accepted all the concubines, even spared Cao Rui's harem beauty, and used the exclusive technicians, bands and armed guards of the royal family. As a vassal, he took advantage of the king's restraint, crossed his own boundaries and acted like an emperor. Although Cao Fang was not Cao Rui's own son, Cao Shuang not only possessed talents in Cao Rui, but also used Cao Rui's teachers to advocate and prohibit soldiers. Cao Rui was a statue of the Emperor of Wei, and Cao Shuang was the Minister of Fuzheng. This is the real crime of deceiving the monarch.

Sima Yi's crusade against Cao Shuang happened to stand aside and devote himself to Wei.

It's not modesty to pretend to refuse before accepting. Although Cao Cao resigned as prime minister three times, he later accepted to become the Han Dynasty. However, Sima Yi refused to accept the resignations of Prime Minister and Jiuhe when he was alive. If he has ambition, he will gladly accept it. Even the above table shows fear, in case people from all directions comment as ministers. Sima Yi refused to accept his lies, gave up his high position and wealth, and died all his life. Although Cao Cao's success does not depend on him, he has already arranged the environment and left the opportunity to Cao Pi. But Sima Yi never designed for the Cao family. Later, there were many rebellions in Wei. It is too early for Sima Jia to master Cao Wei's theory at this moment.

Conspiracy theorists often call it "Zhuge in the south and Sima in the north", but it is not. It is not so much that the powerful minister seized it as that the monarch lost the hearts of the people.

The reason why the monarch and the minister are ectopic is that the monarch is weak or the minister is strong, there is no wind in the cave, and everything happens for a reason.

Emperor Cao Wei, like Shaodi and Xian Di at the end of Han Dynasty, had a very unstable national political situation, and ministers were eyeing him, not just Sima. Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty could not resist the bullying of Dong Zhuo and Cao Cao, just as Cao Fang could not resist Cao Shuang and Sima Yi, but the tide was gone. ICY is not as powerful as Cao Cao and Xelloss. The decline of imperial power is the reason for the rise of Sima Jia. It is not so much a powerful minister as a weak and defeated monarch. There is an opportunity for the decline of the central government and the rise of ministers, which is precisely the phenomenon that Qin lost its deer and the world was driven by it. The decline of monarchical power in Cao Wei was just like the decline of monarchical power in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It did not come from the rise of one of his subjects, such as He Jin, Dong Zhuo, Cao Cao, Yuan Shao and the Yellow Scarf. It is because the central government is out of control that local governments have left. Cao Wei's monarch and ministers are like history repeating itself.

Cao Shuang bullied the royal family first, and Sima Yi fought back against Cao Shuang. For Wei, Sima Yi eradicated Cao Shuang's behavior and protected the throne for the Qing Dynasty. Although Sima Yi's starting point is more for himself, it is undeniable that getting rid of Cao Shuang is indeed beneficial for the emperor Cao Fang to be dominated by powerful ministers.

Or Sima Yi just wanted to replace Cao Shuang and establish the emperor as a vassal, but instead of speculating the possibility out of thin air, it is better to directly investigate what actually happened. First of all, Cao Shuang has such powerful ministers as "sealing the Hou to lead the city", "giving the sword hall", "refusing to enter the DPRK" and "praising the nameless". Sima Yi refused to replace the royal family or nine seals, and even "resolutely removed the prime minister and county magistrate". Secondly, Cao Shuang invaded the royal family and used royal personnel and ceremonies. Although there is no emperor's name, there is an emperor, and Sima Yi addressed the minister as the monarch, which did not infringe on the royal family. Whether it is hypocritical or intentional, Sima Yi's act of protecting the emperor and Cao Shuang's act of deceiving the emperor can be compared with each other, so we can examine the merits and demerits of the monarch and his subjects.

On the other hand, if Sima Yi failed in Gao Ping Ling, or if his descendants such as Sima Shi and Si Mazhao were corrupt, Sima Yi's life was still more successful than before. Just like the failure of the Zhuge Dan Rebellion, although the winner was Kou, there were still many favorable comments. In other words, if Sima Yi fails unfortunately, from the perspective of a loser, we still can't ignore his achievements in life. But interestingly, Sima Yi succeeded in Gao Ping Ling, and so did his descendants. As a result, Sima Yi got a traitor's evaluation, as if successful criticism was worse than failed praise.

It would be a bit arrogant to count the crime as usurpation. In fact, there is another person who really started to usurp. It was Cao Pi who usurped Wei and Han, but the name of the traitor was either Cao Cao or Sima Yi. If convicted of usurpation, there is still a Si Mazhao between Sima Yan and Sima Yi. It is wrong for Sima Yi to be called a traitor. The object of Sima Yi's Gao Ping Ling incident is a powerful minister who has the heart of transgression. As far as identity is concerned, Sima Yi and Cao Shuang are both ministers of Fuzheng, and the coup against each other is not the traitor below. Although the rendering of Romance of the Three Kingdoms caused negative comments, Sima Yi's notoriety began with the Xerox Yongjia Rebellion, which destroyed Sima Zong Temple with personal hatred. In addition, the Jinshi family crossed the south and the gentry closed the north and south, so the people blamed Sima Yi, the initiator. Later emperors, such as Emperor Taizong, did not encourage them to imitate Sima Yi when they ordered the compilation of the Book of Jin, so they were not highly appraised.

A grievance has a head, but a debt has a master: Sima Shi abolished the emperor, Si Mazhao killed the emperor and Sima Yan usurped the throne. When it comes to rape, it is not Sima Yi's turn. Unless according to the concept of monarch, monarch, minister and minister, since Wei is a matter, it is ultimately that Sima Jia finally made disrespect and traced it back to Sima Yi. Children and grandchildren are duty-bound to bring trouble to their ancestors, which also makes Sima Yi die unsatisfied.

How severe the evaluation of future generations is, like a long way to go, trembling, like walking on thin ice, "there is a reputation for security, and there is a ruin."

There are good and bad things, and it should be fair to punish or not, regardless of the fans of the authorities, and it should be carefully considered.

As far as Sima Yi's life is concerned, although there was the Gaopingling incident in his later years, his early contribution can be carefully scrutinized. Although the crime of homicide must be condemned, should we be stingy with Du Jijian's praise? Although Sima Yi was wrong, many of them were right. Besides criticizing his mistakes, can he treat the benefits with the same attitude and give some applause? This is the initial exclamation of the article.

There is no point arguing about who is better than who. In fact, there is no answer. Whether there are strategies and tactics between Zhuge Liang and Sima Yi is not necessarily more clear than the parties concerned. As for accident and necessity, I won't mention it again, because things that are logically clear don't need to be dictionaries. As far as "Zhuge Liang never defeated Sima Yi in his life" is concerned, this is just a statement of facts. To put it another way, "Sima Yi never defeated Zhuge Liang in his life", and the same is true. So it doesn't mean who has strong ability and who has weak suppression ability. If we want to talk about the definition of defeat and the achievement of the purpose of war, it seems redundant and life-threatening Inferring ability evaluation by factual statements is just like "Wei Yan never defeated Xia Houdun in his life", which is a mockery of the original book "Xia Houdun is the hero of the Three Kingdoms that Wei Yan can't win". The facts are correct, but there are also some unspoken fallacies.

Black and white are not different because of different positions, otherwise it is prejudice and limitation. If you talk about Sima Yi from Cao Shuang's standpoint, it is of course a criticism of evil fraud; On the other hand, if you stand in Sima Yi's position, it seems that you have to do it. Therefore, if Cao Shuang is possessed, it is not Sima Yi, and Sima Yi is not Cao Shuang. Is everyone different? Of course, this is negative, there will be different judgments due to different positions, and it will still fall into the situation of the authorities. Driving people out of their homes will not be reasonable because of the needs of the situation; Does the murdered victim really deserve to die when he is innocent?

No matter from the standpoint of the murderer or the deceased, after all, the murderer is the culprit and the victim is the deceased: no matter how beautified the murderer, it is impossible to cover up the crime; Degrade the dead, still can't get rid of the murderer; Even if you praise the dead, you can't ignore the fact of being victimized; Even if the murderer is vilified, it will not become the hands of a dead murderer. Therefore, no matter how changeable the position is, the facts and evaluations should be black and white.

The Ping Ling incident is a stain on Sima Yi, but I don't know how many people really took a look at Sima Yi before he was seventy-one. We will not criticize the whole tree because one leaf is ugly, nor will we say that the whole forest has been destroyed. There is more than one tree in the forest. A tree has hundreds of leaves. Although a mouse excrement can spoil a pot of porridge, it doesn't mean that the whole pot of porridge is equally bad. Who knew that the whole pot of porridge before pollution was not excellent and crystal clear?

It's biased to be partial and complete. Although there are advantages and disadvantages, why not praise the advantages and criticize the disadvantages? At present, it is popular to smear all the advantages with a little stain, or to cover up the stains with beautification and bleaching, but if you don't talk about the good or the ugly, it will become a hidden evil, and the black that loses it should be its darkness and brightness.

Sima Yi was the pioneer of Jin Dynasty, but also the guardian of Cao Wei. Whether the punishment should be fair, there are good and bad, although there are also some bad places such as seizing power and spurning, why not give some applause in guarding Cao Wei?

Sima Yi —— A Concise Historical Biography

Sima Yi was born in a noble family. He worked as a small official in the county in his early years, and was later classified as a civil servant by Cao Cao. Cao Cao's name is Wei Ruyun, and Sima Yi is the illegitimate son of the prince, who assists xelloss and ranks as "four friends" with Chen Qun, and is the main figure of xelloss think tank. After Cao Pi replaced the Han Dynasty, Sima Yi rose steadily and began to take power. After Cao Rui ascended the throne, Sima Yi sat in Wancheng, supervised the military affairs of Jingyu and Yuzhou, presided over Jingzhou's attack on Wu, and succeeded Cao Zhen in defending Shu, successfully defending Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition several times. After Cao Fang ascended the throne, Sima Yi and Cao Shuang supported the imperial court. Sima Yi was ostracized by Cao Shuang, and later staged a coup to kill the Cao Shuang clan, and since then he has mastered the power of Wei. After Sima Yi's death, the regime of Wei State was still controlled by his son, which led to the appearance of Wei State in Jin State many years later. Sima Yi was posthumously named Emperor of Jin Dynasty.

Sima Yi-Romantic Biography

Sima Yi was a literary consultant in his early years and later became the main book. He is one of Cao Cao's advisers, but he is not famous. Later, Sima Yi helped Cao Pi to make a plan to cut Shu by five roads, and began to emerge. Before his death, Cao Pi became a minister of life care. After Cao Rui acceded to the throne, Sima Yi volunteered to guard the western part of Wei. Later, due to Masu's double espionage scheme, it was once abandoned. However, in the face of Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, Wei had to use Sima Yi again. Sima Yi was defeated by Zhuge Liang many times, so he adopted the strategy of closing the door without fighting until Zhuge Liang died of illness. After Cao Fang ascended the throne, Sima Yi and Cao Shuang supported the imperial court. Sima Yi was ostracized by Cao Shuang, so he launched a coup and killed the Cao Shuang clan, and from then on he mastered the power of Wei. After Sima Yi's death, the regime of Wei State was still controlled by his son, which led to the appearance of Wei State in Jin State many years later. Sima Yi was posthumously named Emperor of Jin Dynasty.

Jia Xu-Personal File

Personal data gender male

Native place [Liangzhou] Wuwei Ancient Collection [now Wuwei, Gansu]

Relevant records that have not appeared for the time being.

Guan Qiuzhi Shi Su Yue

Family information, unknown father

Mother unknown

Unknown spouse

Brothers and sisters have no relevant information at present.

The child has no relevant information at present.

Related person Zhang Xiu

Wei Guo xiu

Jia Xu —— A Concise Historical Biography

Jia Xu was originally a subordinate of Dong Zhuo. After the demise of Dong Zhuo, Jia Xu suggested that Li Jue, Guo Si and others attack Chang 'an to protect themselves, causing chaos, and then attached to Duan Wei and Zhang Xiu, offering many tricks. Later, he advised Zhang Xiu to surrender to Cao Cao and became an important counselor under Cao Cao. He made many suggestions on the battle of Guandu, Ma Pingchao and his heirs, which was highly valued by Cao Cao. After Cao Pi ascended the throne, Jia Xu was promoted to Qiu and died several years later. Jia Xu was very wise and good at protecting himself, and was recognized as a wise man at that time.

Jia Xu-Romantic Biography

Jia Xu was a famous counselor in the Three Kingdoms period. He originally belonged to Li Jue. In order to protect themselves, he suggested that Li Jue and others attack Chang 'an and create chaos. When fighting with Guo Si, Jia Xu fled back to his hometown to save himself. After Jia Xu switched to Zhang Xiu, he persuaded Zhang Xiu to surrender to Cao Cao. Zhang Xiu designed assists during the rebellion, successfully captured Cao Jun, and later designed many times to resist Cao Cao's attack, showing the demeanor of a professional counselor. Before the battle of Guandu, Jia Xu once again advised Zhang Xiu to surrender to Cao Cao and then joined Cao Cao. Since then, Jia Xu has made many suggestions in pacifying the four northern countries, pacifying Ma Chao and destroying Zhang Lu, which won the trust of Cao Cao. Later, he became an official during the Wei Wendi period and died soon.

Jia Xu's Historical Evaluation

Chen Shou commented: "Jia Xu has no plan at all. He is a good person and has a flat temper." !

Jia Xu was not famous when he was young. Only Zhong Yan, a famous man at that time, thought he was different and said he had the wisdom of Sean and Chen Ping. Jia Xu was inspected as Lang in his early years, resigned due to illness, and went west to return home to Miandi. On the way, I met Mianren and was captured by Mianren with dozens of people in the same industry. Jia Xu said, "I'm Duan Gong's grandson. Don't hurt me. My family must use a lot of money to redeem me. " At that time, Duan Qirui, the commander of the frontier fortress, was famous in the west for a long time, so Jia Xu pretended to be Duan Qirui's grandson to scare Jane. Jane really didn't dare to harm him, and even sent him back after swearing at him, and the rest were killed. Jia Xu has such a gift for improvisation, and there are many such things.

[189], Dong Zhuo invaded Luoyang and began to control the central government. Jia Xu, as Qiu, worked as a captain in Peiping, Tianjin and Tianjin, and was promoted to a captain for soliciting customers. At that time, Niu Fu, Dong Zhuo's son-in-law, was stationed in Shaanxi, and Jia Xu was in Niu Fu.

[192], Dong Zhuo was murdered by Wang Yun, Lu Bu and others. Soon, Niu Fu was also killed by his men in his escape, and everyone was afraid. Dong Zhuo's men Li Jue, Guo Si, Zhang Ji and others were helpless, so they sent envoys to Chang 'an to ask for pardon. Wang Yun is just and upright, but he doesn't think so. Li Jue and others were more afraid and didn't know what to do. They are going to disband the army and flee to the village. In order to protect himself, Jia Xu stopped them and said, "I heard that Chang 'an is rumored to kill all the people in Xiliang. If you abandon others and go your own way, a curator can catch you. It is better to lead the army to the west, meet the soldiers along the way, and then attack Chang' an to avenge Dong Zhuo. If you are lucky enough to succeed, you can conquer the whole country in the name of the imperial court. If you can't succeed, it's not too late to escape now. " The plan was adopted by everyone. In the name of revenge against Dong Zhuo, Li Jue and others contacted the generals of Xiliang and led an army to attack Chang 'an. By the time we reached the gate of Chang 'an, 65,438+10,000 people had gathered. Li Jue, Fan Chou, Mona Lee and others besieged Chang 'an, but because of the strong Yugoslav capital, they could not conquer it. After that, the mutinous soldiers in the city led Li Jue's army into the city and started street fighting with the garrison commander Lu Bu. Lu Bu was defeated, and only led more than a hundred riders to flee. Li Jue and other soldiers plundered, and more than 10,000 officials and people died, with bodies all over the road. At that time, the capital was in an uproar. After the job was done, Jia Xu was appointed as Zuo Fengyi. Li Jue and others want to commend him for his meritorious deeds. Jia Xu said, "This is a lifesaver. What is the credit? " Absolutely not. Li Jue and others asked Jia Xu to be the servant of Shangshu. Jia Xu said, "Shangshu servant is Guan Bai's teacher and an example to the world. I, Jia Xu, have never been famous, and it is difficult to convince others. Even if I can indulge in vanity, what is good for the country? " So he turned to Jia Xu, who was in charge of selecting talents, and made many achievements in personnel. Li Jue and others are very close to Jia Xu, but at the same time they are afraid of him. Soon, Jia Xu's mother died, and Jia Xu resigned, and was later worshipped as Dr. Guanglu.

[195], Guo Si and Fan Chou were suspicious of each other, fighting for power and profit, and Li Jue was stabbed to death by riding captain Hu Feng. Soon, the contradiction between Li and Guo became more and more fierce, and they began to make war. Li Jue asked Jia Xu to help him as General Xuanyi. Later, Li and Guo made peace and released the kidnapped and courtiers. Jia Xu made great efforts to this end, and then Jia Xu returned the official seal. At that time, General Duan Wei was stationed in China in the same county as Jia Xu. Jia Xu took refuge in Duan Wei. Jia Xu has always been famous and admired by Duan Wei's army. Duan Wei was afraid that Jia Xu would seize the relieving, but on the surface, he was very polite to Jia Xu. After Jia Xu saw it, he felt uneasy. Zhang Xiu in Nanyang secretly contacted Jia Xu, so Zhang Xiu sent someone to see Jia Xu. When Jia Xu left, someone said to Jia Xu, "Duan Wei treated you so well, why did you leave?" Jia Xu said, "Duan Wei is suspicious by nature, which means he suspects me. Although his salary is high, he is unreliable. If he stays too long, he will definitely hurt me. I will be very happy to leave him, and I look forward to docking with foreign aid and being better to my family. Zhang Xiu is short of counselors, and he wants me to save me and my family. " When Jia Xu arrived in Zhang Xiu, Zhang Xiu was overjoyed and took his children to meet him. And Duan Wei knew that Jia Xu had left, and he was really good to his family.

[198] Cao Cao conquered Zhang Xiu in the south and surrounded the yield city controlled by Zhang Xiu. Soon, Cao Cao heard that Yuan Shao wanted to take advantage of Xu Du and immediately retreated to the city. Zhang Xiu led the troops in pursuit, and Liu Biao also sent Jingzhou troops to occupy Anzhong, cutting off the retreat of Jun and attempting to attack Jun with Zhang Xiu. Cao Cao was defeated by Zhang and Liu. After Cao Jun won, he quickly retreated to the north. Zhang Xiu personally led the troops in pursuit, and Jia Xu dissuaded him: "If you can't chase, you will fail." Zhang Xiu didn't listen, forced pursuit, and was defeated by Cao Cao himself. Jia Xu then said to Zhang Xiu, "If you hurry up, you will definitely win." Zhang Xiu said, "Before I came this far, I didn't take your advice. Now that you have lost, why should you pursue it again? " Jia Xu said, "Things have changed. It is profitable to catch up quickly. " Zhang Xiu followed Jia Xu's advice, collected skirmishers, chased them again, and defeated Cao Cao's defenders. After the victory, Zhang Xiu asked Jia Xu what was going on, and Jia Xu explained, "It's easy to understand. Although the general is good at fighting, he is no match for Cao Cao. Cao Jun has just withdrawn, and Cao Cao must personally break through the defense line. Although our pursuers are excellent, the generals can't compete with them, and their soldiers have high morale, so I know you will fail. The reason why Cao Cao withdrew before he tried his best must be that something was wrong in the rear. Therefore, after defeating the general's pursuers, he will definitely retreat with all his strength, leaving others behind. Although the generals he left behind are brave, they are not as good as generals, so I know that generals can win with defeated troops. " Zhang Xiu is very admired.

[199] Yuan Shao sent people to surrender to Zhang Xiu and make friends with Jia Xu. Zhang Xiu was ready to promise, but Jia Xu rejected Yuan Shao's special envoy in front of Zhang Xiu, accurately pointing out that Yuan Shao could not tolerate others. Surrender to Cao Cao had three advantages: Cao Cao was justified by the emperor; Cao Cao is weak and more willing to win over allies; Cao Cao is ambitious and will definitely forget the past. Zhang Xiu followed Jia Xu's advice and led the people to surrender to Cao Cao. Cao Cao was overjoyed to hear the news. He personally met Jia Xu, held his hand and said, "The person who made my reputation famous all over the world is you!" Cao Cao worshipped Jia Xu as Jin Wu, made its capital in Hou Ting, and moved to Jizhou for grazing. Because Jizhou was occupied by Yuan Shao at that time, Jia Xu stayed in the army.

[200] Cao Cao and Yuan Shao fought in Guandu. When Cao Jun's rations ran out, Cao Cao asked Jia Xu. Jia Xu said, "You are smarter and braver than Yuan Shao in four aspects. The reason why the stalemate for half a year can't win is to be considerate and seize the opportunity to win quickly. " Cao Cao called it good, and later seized the opportunity to attack the Wu Dynasty and defeated Yuan Shao in one fell swoop. After Hebei was pacified, Cao Cao led Jizhou animal husbandry, and Jia Xu was appointed as a doctor in Taizhong.

[208] Cao Cao occupied Jingzhou and wanted to take the opportunity to go down the river. Jia Xu dissuaded him, saying that he wanted to appease the people and hide his strength, but Cao Cao refused. As a result, he was defeated in Battle of Red Cliffs.

[2 1 1], Cao Cao hit Ma Chao in Weinan. Later, Ma Chaojun was unfavorable, put forward the requirement of dividing the field and sent his son as a hostage. Jia Xu believes that we can pretend to promise on the surface, paralyze each other, and actually prepare actively to wait for an opportunity to destroy the enemy. Cao Cao asked Jia Xu how to defeat the enemy, and Jia Xu said, "alienate them." Cao Cao used his tactics to write a book, alienating Ma Chao and Han Sui, and causing them civil strife. When the time was right, Cao Cao took the initiative to attack Guan, and returned with great victory.

[2 17], Cao Cao has not yet established a prince. Xelloss had sent someone to Jia Xu for advice. Jia Xu said, "I hope the general will cultivate himself, study hard, and work tirelessly day and night, which will not violate the virtue of being a son. That's enough. " Cao Pi listened to his advice and deliberately honed himself. Later, Cao Cao privately asked Jia Xu what he thought of the heir, but Jia Xu kept silent. When Cao Cao asked him why he didn't answer, Jia Xu said, "I was thinking about Yuan Shao and Liu Biao." Cao Cao laughed and made xelloss a prince. Jia Xu thought he was not an old minister of Cao Cao, but he was resourceful and afraid of Cao Cao's suspicion, so he adopted a self-protection strategy, kept himself indoors and kept away from people in private. His children didn't take power after they got married. At that time, all the people in the world spoke highly of the wise man.

[220] Cao Pi acceded to the throne, sealed Jia, became Wei Shouhou, and increased the grain market by 300, with 800 households before and after. It is divided into two hundred food cities, with the youngest son named Hou and the eldest son named Xu a captain.

In [223], Cao Pi's first expedition to Wudong ended in failure. At the beginning, Cao Pi asked Yu Jiaxu, "I want to unify the world. Which should Wu and Shu conquer first? " Jia Xu suggested governing the country before using force, but xelloss didn't listen, in vain. In the same year, Jia Xu died at the age of 77, and his eldest son Jia Mu succeeded him.

This article focuses on history, click 5 176, and the number of comments is 47.

Jia can be called the first counselor of the Three Kingdoms. This is in two senses: first, the accuracy of his plan is fantastic, and his influence is enormous, so he deserves to be called the first counselor; Second, because he is a counselor in the most typical sense, unlike Zhuge Liang who is in charge of the post of prime minister, he focuses on governing the country and keeping the country safe, and unlike Zhou Yuyu who is good at leading troops. Jia Xu has no intention of becoming a warlord with self-respect and dominating one side. His identity has been behind the scenes. He keeps coming out of the general's background and making suggestions on the surface, but in fact he often receives the effect of making decisions for the general.

If we admit that Cao Cao is a lean man through the ages, then in the Three Kingdoms period, the person who really defeated Cao Cao strategically and made Cao Cao admire himself was Jia Xu.

Jia Xu gives the impression that he is like an aesthete who regards strategy itself as a kind of beauty and only pursues the display of strategic talent: as long as his strategy is useful, he doesn't care about the change of color. He has taken refuge in Duan Wei, Liu Biao and Zhang Xiu, but they are all despised by their own hearts. He advised Li Jue and Guo Si, but he never really wanted to help them. On the premise of clearly seeing that Zhang Xiu has no bright future, Jia Xu still resolutely committed himself to Zhang Xiu's account, just because Zhang Xiu can do whatever he wants and show his strategy.

When Chen Shou wrote The Three Kingdoms, he published two of Jia Xu's and Cao Cao's most famous Xun's (and Xun You's) side by side, which aroused the dissatisfaction of the annotator Pei Songzhi. Yun: You and Xu are human beings, like the night light and the steaming candle! Although the photos are uniform, the quality is different. Today's comments on Xun and Jia Zhi are both * * *, especially different. Mr Zhou Zexiong thinks that Jia Xu instigated and Guo Si rebelled against Chang 'an, which indirectly led to Li and Guo killing each other outside Chang 'an. With the rebellion of Li Jue and Guo Si, the Eastern Han Dynasty never caught his breath again, so Jia Xu was considered as one of the culprits of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Is Jia Xu really a sinner of the times? I think the understanding of the character should go back to his time and see the influence of his regional cultural background.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, ethical codes could not maintain people's hearts, and people who shouted loyalty often pursued their goals under the banner of loyalty. At the same time of moral anomie, individuals have to face the turbulent times. In this troubled times, personal life is not guaranteed, warlords scuffle, foreign plunder, bandits run amok, and natural disasters continue. In such an era when the yellow sky changes color, all morality should give way to the need of survival. These contradictions are particularly acute in Wuwei, the birthplace of Jia Xu. In Wuwei, a secluded place in the west, the ethics of benevolence and righteousness are inherently weak. Struggle with nomadic people, mixed life experience and severe test of living environment, Jia Xu will not care about the morality that has become hypocritical. His strategy only pays attention to survival, taking the survival of himself and the people around him as the first meaning. Because there is no mental constraint, he is free to play his strategic talent. It is in this spiritual freedom that his strategy reached the extreme of contingency.

Jia Xu is not a sinner of history, but a pawn of history. He unconsciously destroyed an old dynasty system with the personality and talent endowed by the times. If the old dynasty system is not destroyed, new individuals and individual spirits cannot be born.

Jia Xu cannot be judged simply from a moral point of view. He's like a man from the Dance Academy in troubled times. He does not pursue power, but carefully protects himself; He has no real feelings for any forces and looks at the vicissitudes of life coldly; He regards it as a pleasure to show his talents and watch things develop according to his expectations. You can say that he is heartless, but at that time, too much sensibility was just a mask of hypocrisy, and Jia Xu had reason to choose to be a bystander and an aesthetic gamer.

It should be pointed out that Chen Shou, who is close to the troubled times of the Three Kingdoms, can feel and understand the immoral spirit of that era and look at the heroism and aestheticism of that era with approval. Later, Pei Songzhi in the Southern Dynasties felt the resurgence of moralism at that time because of the confrontation with the northern alien regime, and could not agree with Jia Xu's immoral behavior, and made his own moral explanation for Xun and others. It was because Jia Xu himself got rid of the moral bondage that he gained spiritual freedom and became the first counselor of the Three Kingdoms.

Both of them have plans, and I think Sima Yi is better.