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Biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru

Word arrangement

I. Common words

1 can and can't. "No" means "no", indicating interrogative tone.

(2) I would like to enter Qin from the west. "Offering" means "holding", holding with your hands.

(3) Send books to the court. The "imperial court" leads to the "imperial court", the imperial court, and the imperial court where the monarch listens to politics.

(4) Call for a plan. "Case" through "news", check.

⑤ Set up nine ceremonies in the imperial court. "Bin" means "Xi". In ancient times, it refers to the person who receives guests and also refers to the person who praises the ceremony.

⑥ Qin has never had firm and clear constraints since Miao Gong. Miao leads to Mu.

Only the king and his ministers can decide which one to discuss. "Which" is familiar and careful.

8 the meat is bare and axe-shaped. "Quality" leads to "americium", anvil.

Second, the word polysemy

negative

(1) Qin greedy, negative its strong (depend, depend)

(2) I am really afraid of being bullied by the king and losing Zhao (sorry for the failure)

(3) It seems that the king of Qin would never fail to pay homage to the city if he fasted.

(4) It is the second policy, not passive pro-acquisition (making ...).

(5) Lian Po heard that the meat was naked.

manufacture

(1) King Zhao of Qin heard about it, which made people leave King Zhao's school.

This person is brave and resourceful, and should be able to make (be able to).

(3) is to let its followers wear brown clothes (let)

The king sent a humble ambassador.

guide

(1) Zhao messenger Lin Xiangru (lead, lead).

(2) About mutual attraction (pull)

(3) such as lead the car to avoid (pull, pull; Turn around)

apprentice

(1) Qin Cheng is afraid of not being bullied (not doing things).

(2) while Lin Xiangru ACTS with your breath for labor (just, just).

lucky

The king was lucky enough to forgive me, too.

(2) And you are lucky to be the King of Zhao (being ...)

along with

(1) I heard that the governors were brave (part two)

(2) I am willing to use the fifteen cities to invite Yi Bi (use and take).

(3) Yan Daguo's prestige is to cultivate respect (Lai, conjunction)

(4) please make the prince king, in order to absolute qin (for, for).

⑤ I did this because I took the national emergency first and then took personal revenge (because).

⑥ convey beauty and the left and right (conjunction, connecting "transmission" and "indication")

Third, the ancient and modern meanings (only the ancient meanings are listed here)

(1) Worship as Shangqing (worship, grant official position)

(2) If you don't want to make peace, you will suffer from anger (pain, anxiety, worry).

Please take Xianyang as Zhao Wangshou (birthday, toast or present to others).

(4) I went to my relatives to serve the monarch (to leave) (relatives, close relatives and in-laws, in-laws and consorts)

Ask the king for instructions (instructions, instructions ...)

⑥ So the phase is like a "forward" (forward, upward, provide).

7 Declaration: If you see each other, you will be very embarrassed (declaration, threat, talk everywhere).

8 Friendship of Buyi (Buyi, civilian)

Pet-name ruby left and right blade (left and right attendants)

Attending the scumbag, I wonder how generous (despicable and short-sighted) the general is.

Fourth, the flexible use of parts of speech

A. nouns as verbs:

(1) Give up the house like Guangcheng Chuanshe (give up and arrange accommodation)

(2) the left and right sides should be edged (blade image, kill the image with a knife)

(3) Let the followers wear brown clothes.

(4) pregnant with its wall (pregnancy, pregnancy)

(5) Lin Xiangru said before (before, go forward).

6. I dare to hit the wall.

Please take the fifteenth city of Zhao as your birthday (birthday, toast or send someone away)

B. nouns as adverbials:

(1) and phase such as court (children's "court", atrium)

(2) It makes people go home and walk to Zhao Yi from time to time.

(3) Feng Bi entered Qin in the west (west, adverbial of locative nouns, west)

(4) is a former proverb (former, former, position noun as adverbial, former)

C. usage of servitude:

(After finishing, the order belongs to Zhao ... complete)

(2) The king of Qin was afraid of breaking the wall (breaking, breaking ...)

(3) It is better to take negative Qin Qu (negative, make ... bear)

(4) return after the ceremony (return, make ... go back)

(5) The king will be anxious (anxious, make ... anxious, persecute)

6. King of Qin (absolutely, cut off from ...)

D. conation usage:

(1) and mediocrity is shameful (shameful, shameful to ...)

(2) First of all, the state of emergency, and then the personal vendetta (first of all, take ... as the first; After that, take ... as the last one)

E. adjectives as verbs:

(1) Yan Daguo's prestige is to cultivate respect (respect, respect).

(2) I don't know how wide the general is (wide, generous)

F. adjectives as nouns:

(1) and zhihuan (huan, friendly relations).

Verb (abbreviation of verb) special sentence pattern

A. true sentences:

(1) Lian Po, Zhao Zhiliang will also.

(2) and choi, the world * * * treasure also.

I'm Zhao Jiang.

(4) Being an official of Zhao, offering others as a sacrifice.

B. passive sentences:

(1) Fortunately for you, Zhao Wang's word "Yu" is passive.

(2) Qin Cheng may not be available, but he is passive in deceiving the word "see"

(3) Afraid of being bullied by the king, losing Zhao's passivity in "seeing ……"

(4) Lian Po, Jin Yang, worship for ShangQing worship, (was) awarded the office.

C. inverted sentences:

Preposition object: How do you know?

(2) Attributive postposition: Help seekers can report to Qin.

③ Postposition of prepositional phrase: 1. Send a book to the court. 2. Get up the courage to smell the prince. So, the prince wants to marry you.

D. prepositional object:

(1) Why do you know?

Biography of Qu Yuan

Commonly known as "Li", "anti", "Zhuo", "Jian", "Zhi", "Short", "Quality" and "Sadness"

2. Special usage:

(1) "Qi and Chu follow their parents": from: the same as "vertical", vertical. Pro: Goodwill.

(2) "Because of the use of thick coins, the ministers of Shanxi merchants set up sophistry": after "because of thick coins", the verb "bribe" was omitted. Subject after omitting "er" (Shanxi merchants). "Yu ... Zheng Xiu": In front of Zheng Xiu, the adverbial is behind.

(3) The Country of Tiger and Wolf in Qin Dynasty: Tiger and Wolf, like tiger and wolf, use nouns as adverbials.

4 "Why not": Huan: Friendly.

(5) "Death stays in Zhao, Zhao is not included": Death: flight. Walking: running, the modern "running" was called "walking" in ancient times; Modern "walking" was called "walking" in ancient times. Ahmadinejad (through translator): Like "accept", accept and accept.

(6) "Fu": Zhi: verb, to.

(7) "Although I am in exile, I care about Chu and I care about the king of Chu. I don't forget rebellion. I hope one of you will realize this and one of you will change this custom. " . Gu; Reading. Concern: Miss. Care: Care. Reverse: Same as "Return". Ji Xing: Lucky hope. "One" of "one thing": adverb, once, once. "One" in Gai Yi: adverb, all, all. Although I was exiled, I still miss Chu He. I won't forget to come back (to the imperial court). I hope that when I wake up, the atmosphere will change.

(8) "He wants to save Jun and rejuvenate the country": He wants to change the unfavorable situation by saving Jun and rejuvenating the country.

(9) "People are not stupid, not wise, not virtuous, not corrupt, and want to be loyal to the monarch and stand on their own feet." None: It doesn't matter. Self-help: for oneself, self-help, prepositional object.

(3) About the first paragraph.

(1) Interpretation of Difficult Sentences:

"Qu Yuan,, Chu also has the same name. Chu Huaiwang's left disciple. "

-Let students make it clear that in the pre-Qin period, the surname was a racial number, and the surname was a branch of the surname; There are branches whose surnames are derived from fiefs and branches whose surnames are derived from posthumous title, the ancestor. The surname of the royal family of Chu State is Mi (m! ), Qu Yuan's ancestors were flawed because he was blocked by Qu Di. The "left picture" is the official position of Chu after "Lingyin" (prime minister), and most of them are held by royal relatives. The doctor in this article is an official position, in charge of the affairs of Qu, Jing and Zhao, and Qu Yuan once held this position.

"Wang Huai to qu yuan xian, Qu Ping draft pending. When the Shangguan doctor saw it, he wanted to suppress it, but Qu Ping refused. "

-Shangguan doctor openly wanted to snatch the draft constitutional order written by Qu Yuan, but said he couldn't. Therefore, Guo Moruo put forward different solutions: "take" and "change"; "Harmony" is interpreted as "consistency". A: This explanation makes sense. On the one hand, it conforms to one of the common meanings of "take" and "harmony" in ancient times; On the other hand, it reflects that the "constitutional order" formulated by Qu Yuan has the progressive significance of reform, which infringes on the interests of conservative bureaucrats such as Shangguan doctor and has to be tampered with.

"Every time I give an order, I will be firm and say,' Don't do it.'"

-The use of "Yue" and "Thought" is incoherent. A: Researchers have always believed that one of these two words must be Yan Wen, that is, a redundant word caused by copying errors.

2. Regarding the second paragraph.

(1) Interpretation of Difficult Sentences:

"King Hui suffers from it, but Yi Cheung pretends to go to Qin, and thick municipal party committee is in charge ..."

-"Pretend", pretend; "Go" and "Stay" are not clear in the text notes. "Houshi" refers to gifts, "markets" and gifts. "Entrust quality", the previous research refers to presenting another representation. In ancient times, important officials from other countries took refuge in their new owners. "The title of the book must be given to the policy (bamboo slips) first, and the dead quality must be handed over to the king, and then the minister must die." "Committee", submitted; "Quality" leads to "basket", but it is a symbolic solution. This token can't be replaced by a gift.

Cao Cao said, "Zhang Yiwen heard that he said,' Take Yizhi as the land of Hanzhong, please go to Ruchu.' "

-"one", preposition, meaning of use and dependence; "When" is worthwhile; "Go as Chu", "Go", go; "Like Chu", go to Chu. I can exchange a Zhang Yi for Hanzhong. Please let me leave the state of Qin and go to Chu.

"Such as Chu, but also because of the thick city officials Shanxi merchants, and set up sophistry in the favor of the princess."

-note that "because" is a preposition, relying on; "user" "Minister" is the apposition of "Shanxi merchants"; "Yu ..." Zheng Xiu "is adverbial postposition, that is, lying to Wang Huaichong and Zheng Jixiu: letting Shanxi merchants be the subject of" sophistry ". According to Records of Historian Biography of Zhang Yi, Zhang Yi was imprisoned by Wang Huai after he arrived in Chu. The sophistry of Shanxi merchants to Zheng Xiu is: "Is it better to know a son than a gentleman?" "The king of Qin is very influenced by Yi Cheung, and he will want to go out. Today, I will pay tribute to Chu in the above-mentioned mediocre place, hire Chu with beauty, and guide me with people who sing well in the palace. The king of Chu respects Qin, and the daughter of Qin must be expensive, but his wife refuses. "

Hongmen Banquet-A banquet with ulterior motives

Athena Chu 1

Dine with foot soldiers (Xi m: ng, served with wine and food)

Kun (Kun, Z not u, short, shallow) said (reading the advice and exhortation of Taxation) I said

Kill (kill, unite, together) (open your eyes when you are angry)

The canthus (corner of the eye, Z √) is cracked, and I stumble with my sword (ankle, J √, straighten my upper body and knees).

Bi (Bi, Zhi, Zhu) Shoulder Knife (Bi, Z, Meat Cutter Board)

2. Common words

As a matter of custom, don't be a vassal (in the sense of refusing to keep or accept)

Xiangbo (invitation, invitation)

Dare not be double-hearted (double-hearted, meaning betrayal)

You must have come with fleas.

Quarrel (estrangement, estrangement, resentment) between the general and the minister

Sit (in a seat) and hit repeatedly.

3. Flexible use of parts of speech

Nouns are used as verbs

Official (registered or registered)

King Fan Zeng (blink)

Punish a person and you will be invincible (knife cutting)

Knife Yang Zhi Jian Xing (take knife)

Noun adverbial

So Xiang Bo went night after night.

I must do something for my brother (such as treating my brother)

See the general day and night (day and night)

I often cover my body with wings (like wings)

Upward hair

Verb causative usage

Xiang Bo kills people, but I live (live).

Ride more than a hundred times (make ... follow)

Adjectives are used as verbs.

Su Shan Liu Hou Sean (Applauded)

4. Different meanings of ancient and modern times

When Pei Gongsheng lived in Shandong (Shandong ancient meaning: Xiaoshan present meaning: Shandong province)

About marriage (ancient meaning of marriage: kinship formed by marriage, modern meaning: husband-wife relationship formed by marriage)

Be prepared to be different and different from others (very ancient meaning: different general things, today meaning: adverbs, very, very)

5. Sentence analysis

(1) sentence

I let people have a look, they are all dragons and tigers, and they are all five episodes. This son of heaven is also angry.

Chu Zuobo, Xiang Fu also.

Today's people have made great achievements, and it is unjust to hit them.

Father, Fan Zeng also.

Pei Gong participated in Fan Kuai.

This is the continuation of the Qin Dynasty.

Man is a knife and I am a fish.

Those who win the title of king of the world will be rewarded repeatedly.

Therefore, those who will be sent to guard the customs should be prepared for his theft and abnormality.

(2) Inverted sentences

Tell something by telling it.

Report Wang Xiang in Pei Gong's words (prepositional structure is postpositioned)

I must see the general again here.

How did you get here (interrogative pronoun as object preposition)

What is the king doing here? (interrogative pronouns are prepositional objects)

Interrogative pronoun prepositional object

(3) Passive sentences

If it belongs to everyone and is taken by the enemy (meaning "for the place")

(4) Elliptic sentences

Defeat Pei (omitting the prepositional object "zhi")

Add a shoulder (omit the adverbial "Yu Dun")

(5) Fixed structure

Women get nothing from property.

Which is better than the gentleman ("... which is better than ...", a sentence pattern indicating choice, which can be translated as "... which is better ...")

What is the word for ("why … for", a rhetorical question, can be translated into "why … for", and "for" is an modal particle. )

7. Analysis of difficult sentences

1, Pei Gong rode from 100 to see Wang Xiang and arrived in Hong Men. Xie Yue said, "The minister and the general fought Qin, the general fought Hebei, and the minister fought Henan ..."

"Danri" means tomorrow, "minister" is Liu Bang's modest title, "slaughter" means unity and unity, and "Hebei" and "Henan" refer to the north and south banks of the Yellow River. Early the next morning, Pei Gong came to Hong Men to visit Wang Xiang with more than 100 cavalry. He apologized and said, "The servant and the general joined hands to attack Qin, the general fought on the north bank of the Yellow River and the servant fought on the south bank of the Yellow River."

2. Pei Gong bought a bicycle to ride: he got off the bus, rode alone, and walked with Fan Kuai, Jin Qiang and Ji Xin, four men with swords and shields, from the foot of Mount Li to the middle of the road.

"Set" and give up. "Riding a chariot" means chariot. "Tao" is used as a verb to lead the way. "Between" can be translated as from a path or secretly. Liu Bang left his chariots and horses and his entourage, and Fan Kuai, Jin Qiang and Ji Xin, each with a sword and shield, left quickly. Take a shortcut from the foot of Mount Li and escape through Zhiyang.

3, please enter the minister, the same life.

"Zhi" can refer to Pei Gong or Xiang Zhuang, and both statements are valid. Generally speaking, it means "sharing the same life with Pei Gong." . I asked to go in and share my fate with Pei.

4, father was jade bucket, misplaced, sword will be broken.

In modern Chinese, "bump" means "a moving object suddenly collides with other objects". In this sentence, "bump" is used as a thorn Father Ya took the jade bucket, put it on the ground, and drew his sword to break it.

Sorry, I only found a few.