Annotation translation of five poems

1. Speak freely: it means to speak freely without scruple.

2. Yuan Jiu: Yuan Zhen, and "Nine" is its ranking. In the fifth year of Yuanhe (8 10), he was demoted to join the army as Jiangling Cao Shi. In the meantime, he wrote Five Lectures, see Volume 18 of Changqing Collection of Yuanshi County.

3. Long-sentence poems: refer to seven-character poems, as opposed to five-character poems; Five words are short sentences.

4. Li Qi: a poet in the Tang Dynasty. He was a scholar in the 13th year of Kaiyuan (725). His poems are mainly frontier fortress, with bold and sad style, especially seven-character songs. Two of his poems can be found in his poem Miscellaneous Xing. Jishui: It originated in Wuwang, Jiyuan County, Henan Province, crossed the Yellow River in the south and flowed into Shandong Province in the east. Yuanhe County Records: "Now Dongping, Jinan, Zichuan and Beihai have water flowing into the sea, which is called Qinghe and Heze. The confluence of literature and water is also called collection. " River: Yellow River. There is a cloud in Bai Juyi's Sixteen Small Pottery Hidden Bodies: "Clear water is clean, while turbid river is yellow." This is similar to the meaning of sentences in Li Qi's poems. Duke of Zhou: Ji Mingdan, brother of Ji Mingdan, uncle of King Cheng, died, King Cheng was young, Duke Zhou was regent, and three uncles Guan, Cai and Huo framed him, spreading rumors and slandering Duke Zhou to usurp the throne. Duke Zhou stayed in the East, not asking about politics. Later, the king repented and welcomed Duke Zhou back. His uncle got scared and defected. The king ordered the duke of Zhou to levy it, so it was set in the southeast. Jieyu mania: Legend has it that Jieyu was a hermit of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. He pretended to be crazy to avoid the world, so he was called "depression-relieving crazy" His real name can't be verified, because he once sang in front of Confucius' car, so it's called Jieyu (see The Analects of Confucius, Wei Zi and Zhuangzi Wandering). Yu, originally refers to the carriage, also refers to the car.

5. Yu: me. Out of Xunyang: demoted to Beijing, worked as a Sima in Jiangzhou to help manage affairs. Xun (xún) Yang: It refers to Jiangzhou. Jiujiang County was established in Sui Dynasty, Jiangzhou County or Xunyang County in Tang Dynasty. Governance is located in Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province.

6. Unemployment: I haven't arrived at the office yet. Conversation: Here.

7. Leisure time (xi×): free time.

8. Affix: Writing. Continuation: It means reading Yan Fang by Yuan Zhen. Ears: interjections.

9. Identification: Make a "debate" first. Below: What.

10. Zang (zāng) born: refers to Zang Wuzhong. "The Analects of Confucius Xianwen": "Confucius said: Zang Wuzhong, after encountering Lu. Although I don't want a gentleman, I don't believe it. " Zang: One is Zhuang. Defense: It is the fief of Wu Zhong. Wuzhong threatened LuJun with his defensive territory. Wu Zhong: Zang, whose real name is Ge, is an official to Si Kou, and is known as a "saint" among the nobles (Zuo Zhuan's Du Shi notes "Twenty-two years of xianggong": "Wu Zhong knows a lot, and people called him a saint at that time"). Deceive saints: Deceive saints. Zi Ning: It refers to Ning Wuzi. "The Analects of Confucius Gongye Chang": "Martial artists are wise when they know, but foolish when they know. Its knowledge is available, and it is stupid. " Xun Yue's "Han Ji Wang Business Theory": "Ning Wuzi plays the fool (playing the fool)." Production: Today is also called "Ning". Know: the same as "wisdom." The meaning of these two sentences is that the world is only fooled by false saints and loves people like Zang Wuzhong. How do you know there are people who play the fool like Yan Wuzi?

1 1. "Grass Firefly" sentence: Use fluorescence to compare some illusions in the world and warn people not to be deceived by illusions. This shows from the side that we should look at the problem in essence, or be good at looking at the essence through phenomena.

12. "Don't take" sentence: further express the method of distinguishing authenticity, and point out that if you don't use bright flame and pearl light at the same time, you can't find the authenticity. Firewood (fán): "Rites of Sacrifice Law": "Firewood on the altar." Shu: "It is said that the salary is accumulated on the altar, and jade and sacrifices are burned on the wood, which makes the gas reach the sky." This is used as a noun to refer to fire. Zhao Cheng: Zhu Ming. Historian Tian's noble family's fate: and Wang Wei will work in the suburbs. Wang Wei asked,' Does the King also have treasures?' Wang Wei said,' Nothing.' King Liang (Wei) said,' If I am lonely, though my country is small, I still have a pearl with an inch diameter. Sit in front and back of the car 12 passengers. How can it be a country without treasure? ""different: different.

13. The phrase "worldly wisdom" means that misfortune is the basis of good fortune, and good fortune is the hiding place of bad fortune. Under certain conditions, misfortune and happiness can be transformed into each other. Rely on: that is, what Laozi said is "the place where misfortune is good", in short, "lean on". Dust net: still in the world, it is the world. The ancients regarded the real world as a trap to bind people, so they said. Tao Yuanming's poem "Returning to the Garden": "Falling into the dust net by mistake, thirty years". Pawn: All the time.

14. Return: the same return, that is, cycle. Hub (G incarnation): It turns like a wheel. Hub: This refers to the central part of the wheel, which refers to the wheel. Rise and fall: this is called the rise and fall of vegetation, which is often compared with political success and frustration. Cao Zhi's "Gift to Ding Yi": "There is Qing Yu in the accumulation of goodness, and it must be established." Repetition: it means capriciousness. Hidden hook: an ancient game. Book of Changes: "After Yiyang drinking festival in the twelfth lunar month, children are divided into two Cao's winners and losers." The ups and downs of this statement are like a hidden hook play, which is unpredictable.

15. Turtle spirit: The ancients believed that turtles had spiritual power, so tortoise shells were often used to predict good or bad luck. Spirit: verb, psychic. Intestinal trouble: Although the tortoise is psychic, it is inevitable to be killed. Zhuangzi Foreign Things: "In the middle of the night in Song Yuan Jun, the dreamer peeped at Amen (Xiaoqu Gate) ... so that people occupied it and said,' This turtle is also'. ..... (ordered) Tortoise, you want to kill it and live. He became suspicious and predicted,' Kill the turtle to Buji.' It is a tortoise ... Zhong Ni (Confucius) said: "A tortoise ... knowing (wisdom) can drill 72 times, but it is impossible to avoid the trouble of cutting the intestine. "kū": cut open. The sentence "lost horse" further illustrates that everything is divided into two with the story of "lost horse". See Huai Nan Zi Ren Xun, which is available in general idiom dictionaries, so I will omit it. Fold: Disconnect. Foot: the same as "foot". Worried: worried.

16. "Unbelief" sentence: Chess is a metaphor for the uncertainty of the world.

17. Jun: Yuan Zhen. Suspicious: The fox is suspicious, so when he hesitates, he is called suspicious. Qu Yuan's Lisao: "My heart is hesitant." Press: After Yuan Zhen was hit politically, his mood was once turbulent. Bai Juyi advised him that if he could stand the test, times would change and right and wrong would be clear. The sentence "no need" means: good or bad fortune does not count; Not to mention asking for a visa. Shρ: an ancient superstitious activity, after drilling the turtle shell, look at its cracks to predict good or bad luck; Or use the stems of yarrow to divine.

18. "Try jade" two sentences: It is said that people who are down-to-earth will withstand long-term tempering; It takes a long time to recognize a pillar. In the previous sentence, the author noted: "Real jade is not hot for three days." "Huai Nan Zi Zhen Xun": "The jade in Zhongshan is cooked with charcoal and does not change color for three days and three nights." The author of the latter sentence also notes: "Yu Zhangmu will be born seven years later." Zhang Yu: Sleepers and camphor trees. Biography of Historical Records and Sima Xiangru: "In the north, there is a huge tree in the shade." "Justice": "Yu: Today's sleepers are also; Cinnamomum camphora is today's camphor wood. The two trees are born to seven years, and the pillow camphor can be separated. "

19. Day: One is "Hou". See Historical Records Biography of Duke Lu. Wang Mang disguised himself as a humble corporal before usurping the Han Dynasty. Biography of Han Shu Wang Mang: "(Mang) is respected in title, and the more modest he is in moral integrity. Scatter horses and clothes, relieve guests, and there is nothing at home. Take care of celebrities and make friends with many important doctors. ..... If you want to make your reputation better than your predecessors, you will never stop yourself. " After that, he monopolized the state affairs and killed Pingdi to usurp the throne and stand on his own feet. These two sentences are based on the story of Duke Zhou and Wang Mang, which shows that good and evil will pass the test of time. Not usurping the throne: one is a "corporal".

20. Shi Xiang: If. Answer: Again (yes).

2 1. Dizhai: residence. A large residence for officials and nobles. Dear guests: friends and relatives. Crying and singing: singing because of the powerful, crying because of the defeat.

22. Hot hands: very hot. Metaphor is powerful. "New Tang Book Cui Xuanzhuan": "Lu Zheng, Yang Shaofu, Duan Gui and Meng Xue, who are good at metaphysics, are quite involved in discussion. When the language said:' Zheng, Yang, Duan, Xue Re; If you want to spend your life, you should be Lu, Shao, Gui and Meng. ""Let's go: this refers to catching insects and birds with nets. It is often used to describe cold and few people. He Xun's poem "Seeing the new forest in the car is very prosperous": "The poor lane can be opened." Describe the cold door. Biography of Zheng Ji in Historical Records: "Fu Nai Aji and Zheng Zhixian. If there is power, there will be ten times as many guests. No motivation, no motivation, everyone is fine! Zhai Zhai Gong character, beginning Zhai Gong as Ting Wei, guests Kan door; And the waste can stand a sparrow outside the door. " Ji (jí): Ji An. Zheng: Zheng Dangshi. Dysprosium (tián): plug, full. Rolf: A bird net.

23. "North Mang" two sentences: Speaking of wealth and poverty changes with the world. Mangshan (máng): The name of the mountain, also known as Beishan, is Mangshan, located in the north of Luoyang City, Henan Province. The princes and ministers of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Northern Wei Dynasty were buried here after their deaths. Later generations often refer to cemeteries in general. Wang Jian's Journey to the North Mang: "There is little idle soil on the top of the mountain in the North Mang, which is the old grave of Luoyang people." Not saved: not seen. The last sentence is "vicissitudes of life", which means social upheaval and personnel impermanence. Jin's Biography of Ma Gu: "Ma Gu (the legendary fairy name) said:' Since then, I regard the East China Sea as a mulberry field. At that time, Penglai was shallower than in the past, and it took only half an hour to leave the meeting. Will it return to land? " "

24. "Don't laugh" is a warning. The word "Mo" in the previous sentence controls the words "laugh" and "boast". The last sentence means that the final destination of the poor and the rich is the same.

25. "Taishan" sentence: It means that the size of things is relative. Zhuangzi: "The world is nothing more than the end of autumn, and Mount Tai is small." Still the same sentence: "There is infinity, and nothing is infinity." Han Yu's poem "Tune Zhang Ji": "On earth, Mount Tai is a spark." "Yanzi" sentence: Life is different, there is no need to blindly envy people's longevity and let them worry all day. Stefanie: That's Yan Hui. It's deep. During the Spring and Autumn Period, people in the State of Lu. He was poor and studious, and was famous for his virtue among Kong Qiu's disciples. He was honored as a "Restoration Saint" by later Confucian scholars. But he died young, in his thirties. Lao Peng: Peng Zu. The legendary longevity. His surname is Kui Mingkeng, who is the great-grandson of Emperor Zhuan Xu. He was born in Xia Dynasty and was over 800 years old by the end of Yin (Shang). See Biography of Immortals and Biography of Immortals. In ancient times, Peng Zu was regarded as a symbol or pronoun of longevity.

26. hibiscus (jǐn): hibiscus. The flowering time is short, and it usually opens at dusk.

27. Don't like your body: Don't like yourself. M: Whatever. Worldweariness: I don't like life.

28. The sentence "where will you go" shows that birth, aging, illness and death are natural laws. Yang Xiong's "A Gentleman with the Eyes of Law": "The living will die, the beginning will end, and the way of nature is also." One day is true, and one night is false. Who will say that from ancient times to the present, there are endless streams.

I only like that Zang Sheng can fool saints, but how do I know Zang Zi has seen through playing dumb?

Fireflies have an unreal light. Although the dew on the lotus leaf is round, is it really a pearl?

Don't burn firewood to illuminate the horses and chariots. What's the difference between poverty and glory? Second, things in the world depend on hidden uncertainties, and things in the world never stop.

The cycle of fate is like a wheel, and glory withers again and again like a hook.

Turtle spirit divination needs to gut the turtle, and the horse doesn't have to worry about losing its front hoof.

If you don't believe me, please look at the chess player. You won't know until the game is over. Third, I'll give you a solution that doesn't require tortoise divination or worship.

It takes three days to identify the authenticity of jade and seven years to identify camphor wood.

Duke Zhou was afraid of gossip, and Wang Mang was respectful before he usurped the throne.

If this man dies, who will know the truth of his life? Fourth, whose house was built and destroyed, and where did relatives and friends cry and sing?

There were people inside and outside yesterday, and it's so cold outside today.

There is no idle land in Beimangshan. How can there be stable waves in the East China Sea?

Don't exaggerate and show off because you love wealth because you are poor. What if you become a skeleton after death? Fifth, Mount Tai cannot be unscathed. Yan Yuan has no intention of being jealous of Lao Dan and Peng Zu.

Pine trees will die after living for a thousand years, and hibiscus trees will flourish after only one day of flowering.

Why do you want to be attached to this world and always be afraid of death? Don't hate and hate life.

Life and death are illusions, and the joys and sorrows of dreamers maintain human feelings.