How many legends and stories are there in ancient Greek mythology? Give the plots of several classic stories.

The spiritual product of primitive clan society. The earliest literary form in Europe. It came into being before the 8th century BC, and formed a basic scale on the basis of long-term oral communication by primitive Greeks. Later, it was recorded in Homer's epic, hesiod's Divine Spectrum, and ancient Greek poetry, drama, history and philosophy, and later generations compiled it into the current ancient Greek fairy tales, including stories of gods and legends of heroes.

source

Greek myths or legends mostly come from ancient Greek literature, including Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, and hesiod (η σ? οδο? ) works and time and divine spectrum, Ovid's Metamorphosis and other classic works, as well as Aeschylus and Sophocles (ο ο κ λ? ) and euripides's plays. Myth is about the origin of the gods and the world, their struggle for the highest position and Zeus' final victory, their love and quarrel, the influence of their adventures and strength on the world, including the relationship with natural phenomena such as storms or seasons, places of worship and ceremonies. The most famous stories in Greek myths and legends are the Trojan War, Odysseus' Travels and Jason (ι? σ ω ν) Looking for golden fleece, Hercules (η ρ α κ λ? ) (that is, Hercules) achievement, theseus (θ η σ ε? ) Adventure and Oedipus (οι δ? που? ) tragedy. Greek mythology originated from the ancient Aegean civilization, which is slightly similar to the Shang and Zhou civilizations in China. They are the ancestors of western civilization, with excellent nature and extraordinary imagination. In that primitive era, they felt mysterious and difficult to understand natural phenomena and human life and death, so they constantly fantasized and meditated. In their imagination, everything in the universe has life. However, after the Dorians invaded the Aegean civilization, they had to explore the living space outside because of the overpopulation of the Greek peninsula where they lived. At this time, they worshipped heroes and produced many national hero stories intertwined with people and gods. The stories of people, gods and things created by these people have been collectively called "Greek mythology" by historians after being tempered by time, and the twelfth century BC to the seventh and eighth centuries BC are called "mythological times". Fairy tales were originally passed down from mouth to mouth, and it was not until the seventh century BC that the great poet Homer recorded them in the form of epic poems.

classify

Greek mythology includes stories of gods and legends of heroes. The story of God involves the Greek mythology of the universe and human beings.

The origin, generation of gods and their genealogy are said to be the twelve gods of Olympus in ancient Greece: Zeus, the Lord of gods (also known as Raytheon because the weapon is lightning), Hera, the patron saint of diva and women, (the eldest daughter of Cronus and Rhea, the sister and wife of Zeus), Poseidon, Hades, Athena, the goddess of death, and the goddess of wisdom and victory. In poetry and art, they are god of light, the god of youth and music, god of light, Artemis, the god of women, the god of hunting and the god of the moon, and the daughters of Zeus and Leto. One of the three virgins, the goddess is the embodiment of women's purity), Aphrodite, the goddess of beauty and love, Ares, hephaestus, the god of Vulcan and craftsman, Hermes, the messenger of the underworld (son of Zeus and Hera), (son of Zeus and Maya, the messenger of the gods, the silent reception of the dead, the god of commerce and market, and the command. Other famous gods, such as Prometheus, who created mankind, known as the prophet, Hercules, the famous Hercules, and Demeter, the goddess of agriculture and fertility, are in charge of various phenomena and things in nature and life, forming the Olympus system centered on Zeus. Hestia-Goddess of Stove. One of three virgins. And so on. The legend of heroes originated from the worship of ancestors. This is an artistic review of ancient history and the struggle between ancient Greeks and nature. Most of these legendary heroes are descendants of the man of God, who are demigods and demigods. They have extraordinary physical strength and courage, which embodies the heroic spirit and tenacious will of human beings to conquer nature and becomes the embodiment of the collective strength and wisdom of ancient people. The most famous legends are Heracles's Twelve Achievements and Jason's golden fleece. The difference between God and man In Greek mythology, God and man are similar, including some people's physical beauty and some people's secular desires, knowing the joys and sorrows, and participating in people's activities. The only difference between God and man is that the former lives forever and has no period of death; The latter's life is limited, birth and death. The gods in Greek mythology have distinct personalities, no asceticism and little mysticism. The beauty of Greek mythology is that God still has a destiny, or he will be trapped by love and do bad things for his own benefit. Therefore, Greek mythology is not only the soil of Greek literature, but also has a far-reaching influence on later European literature.

Edit this sacred spectrum

Jiushenpu

Ancient Guapu records the origin of heaven and earth. At first, the oldest god in the universe was chaos, which gave birth to Gaia (Earth) and eros and Tartars (Abyss and Hell). Then Ripas (darkness) and Nyx (night) appeared at the bottom of the earth, and the combination of them produced "light" and "sun". Gaia gave birth to Uranus (the sky) and Puntos (the sea). Gaia combined with her son Uranus and gave birth to twelve Titan, three Cyclops and three Sentimani. Twelve titans are kronos (κ ρ? νο? ) (sky) Rhea (ρ? α) (Time) oceanus (I can't find the Greek name for the time being) (Ocean) Koos (Intelligence) Cleos (Growth) Partos (Soul) Fober (Moon) Tethys (Ocean) themis (Law) Mnemosyne (Memory) betrothed to Leo (Sun) Teia (Collapse) Cronus and Rhea gave birth to Dem. We can see that it retains the custom of cannibalism and polygamy in ancient society, which became a persistent problem in later western literature.

Xinshenpu

Edit the characters in this paragraph.

brief introduction

In Greek mythology, the Olympic Mountain stands between Macedonia and Thessaly in eastern Greece. The misty mountain top goes straight into the sky. On the top of the mountain, the homes of the gods are bathed in sunshine. Zeus, as the father of mountain gods and human beings, dominates everything there. He used lightning to maintain the order of heaven and earth. His wife Hera is the goddess of marriage and family. His brother Poseidon is the sea god in charge of the ocean, and his other brother Hades is the guardian of the dead country. His daughter Athena is the goddess of wisdom, the patron saint of Athena temple, symbolizing civilization and art ... His son Apollo is the sun god, in charge of truth, light and medicine. Apollo's twin sister Artemis is the goddess of the moon and hunting, and Aphrodite is the goddess of love and beauty. Hephaestus, the god of broken leg forging, forged Zeus' lightning. Hermes, another son of Zeus, was the messenger and servant of Zeus and the god of merchants and thieves. Dionysus is Dionysus, representing the ecstasy principle and also in charge of drama, contrary to Apollo's rational principle. Hestia -a, sister of Zeus, is the god of kitchen and family. Ares was also the son of Zeus and God of War. There are also some small gods, such as Demeter, eros, Pan, Elenius, Herb, etc., who are in charge of history, astronomy, tragedy, comedy, dance, epic and love poems. The Lord God pretends to be a mortal, and his beauty and charm are unparalleled. Often infected by the feelings and desires of ordinary people, they fly into a rage and envy others from time to time. They are involved in the endless struggle with the human world. In Olympus, they are also full of intrigue and power struggle. On earth, they experienced hostility and frustration. They cherish the love and friendship of this world. The appearance and behavior of these immortals are completely in line with the human way. This is the true face of the Olympians.

Main character

In Greek mythology, everything begins with chaos ... chaos: the god of chaos. At the beginning of the universe, there was only chaos. Who was the boundless empty space? Then came Gaia, the mother of the earth, Taras, Erebus, Nyx, the goddess of the night, and eros, the god of love, and the world began. Gaia: Mother of the earth, daughter of chaos. The ontology of the earth gave birth to Uranus in the sky, Bendus in the ocean and Ourea in the mountains. Then she and her two sons gave birth to many gods. Uranus gave birth to Titan, which represents the first of all things in the world (day, month, day, time, righteousness, memory and so on). ) and Puntos gave birth to five children, representing different seas. She is the mother of the gods (the ancestor of Olympus). Tal talos Talas: God of the abyss of hell, son of Coase. One of the five creator gods, can be said to be the creator of the underworld, the ontology of the abyss. He was born after Gaia and under Gaia, and later Tifeng the monster gave birth to Gaia's youngest son. He is an invisible abyss, at the bottom of the world. From then on, he was the place where monsters and some gods were held. Zeus imprisoned some Titan gods in Tartalas. Erebus: the god of darkness, son of Keos. One of the five creation gods, Tartars was born above Tartars (underground/under Gaia). The incarnation and noumenon of darkness lies between the earth (Gaia) and the earth. He and her sister Nyx gave birth to three ancient gods: the god of space, the god of day, Hemera, and the god of crossing the Styx, Ka Rong. Nyx: Goddess of the night, daughter of chaos. One of the five creation gods, Ripas, was born on the earth (Gaia) after his birth. The incarnation and noumenon of night, she is an ancient and powerful god. She not only gave birth to three children with her brother, but also gave birth to a large number of gods alone. Zeus failed and was sent to heaven. Prometheus: The son of Partos. One of the most wise gods is called a prophet. Creator and protector of mankind. Angry Zeus was shut up on the Caucasus Mountain. An eagle pecked his liver every day, and then it grew well again and again. After being rescued by Hercules. Epimetheus: The brother of Prometheus. One of the stupidest gods is called "the last to know". As a result of accepting the gift of Zeus-Pandora as his wife, diseases, evils and other disasters flew out of Pandora's Box. Twelve Olympic athletes

Zeus: The son of Cronus, the king of gods, was in charge of the sky. The supreme god in Greek mythology, who mastered thunder and lightning, was also called Thor. With the support of his mother Rhea, he killed his father Cronus and became the third generation God King. He is extremely lewd, often cheating on his wife Hera with other goddesses and mortals, and there are countless illegitimate children. Symbols are eagles, oak trees, sticks, thrones and peaks; His favorite sacrifices are a female goat and a white cow with Jinjiao. When Zeus was born, his father Cronus was in power, and his mother Rhea was afraid that Zeus would be swallowed up by his father (Cronus killed his father Uranus in order to get the throne of the gods, so his father cursed him for being killed by his own children, just as he killed his father, so Kennos was afraid of it, and his children swallowed it as soon as they were born). After Zeus was born, he replaced it with a stone and hid it in Crete and was raised by three fairies. On the island, a female goat provided him with sacred milk, and an eagle brought him wine. Whenever he cried, Rhea's servants went to the cradle to dance for Zeus and beat the bronze shield with daggers to cover up his crying, so Cronus never discovered the secret. Zeus thrived on the island day by day. One day, while playing with a female goat, he accidentally pushed her down and broke a beautiful horn. Fairy Amar Teia soon healed her wound. Zeus picked up the horn, endowed it with magical power and dedicated it to the kind fairy. The horn of this ram has been called "the horn of abundance" since then, because it can produce all kinds of delicious food. As an adult, Zeus cheated out five brothers and sisters, was annexed by his father, overthrew his father Cronus together, and finally ascended the throne. Hera: the daughter of Cronus, the sister and wife of Zeus; She is in charge of marriage and childbirth and is the patron saint of women; Hera is elegant in temperament, beautiful in appearance and faithful to her partner, so she deserves to be called the queen of heaven, but her jealousy is also world-famous, so Hera and Zeus often have fierce quarrels. However, usually Zeus's sweet words can always make them reconciled. The symbol is peacock, because this bird with colorful feathers and stars symbolizes the beautiful and spectacular night sky, and the sky is Hera's radiant face. Poseidon: the king of the sea, the second brother of Zeus and the husband of Neptune, holds a huge trident and commands all the creatures in the sea. Described as half man and half fish, it can call the shots. Violent and cruel. In Greek mythology, Poseidon and Poseidon correspond to Zeus and Hera respectively. Zeus and Poseidon are both famous for loving children, and their countless descendants are both gods and mortals. Horses and cows are sacred to him. He likes horses very much. So after he ruled the ocean, he turned several horses into fish-horse hybrids with tail fins. In this way, they also pulled the cart for him in the water. Hades: Zeus, Poseidon, brother of Demeter, was in charge of the underworld. He is strong, but calm, and is the most mysterious among the gods. He reminds people of death, and people seldom call him by his real name because he always wears a coat to cover his face and body. Apart from robbing Persephone, the daughter of Demeter, the goddess of harvest, as his wife, he did all kinds of evil. Favorite black, favorite sacrifice is black ewe or black bull wrapped in black gauze. Poplar is his sacred tree. Hestia: The Goddess of Kitchen Stove and Flame. She is the elder sister of Zeus and the eldest daughter of kronos and Gaia, and is in charge of all family affairs. One of the three virgins. In Greek mythology, there is no detailed record. She is a chaste virgin goddess. Demeter: Goddess of fertility and agriculture and forestry, daughter of kronos and Gaia, second sister and fourth wife of Zeus. She is the goddess in charge of agriculture and high yield, giving life to the earth and teaching human farming. She and Zeus gave birth to Persephone. Ares: Born by Zeus and Hera. What fights for the war is a cruel, cunning, impulsive and irrational god. I once had an affair with Aphrodite, the wife of the craftsman god of love and beauty, and was caught in a special net made by the craftsman god. The vulture is his god bird, the pet is a dog, and some people say it is a hound. Athena: Wisdom and Sivir are the daughters of Zeus and Mites. Ares symbolizes the cruel and impulsive side of war. As her antithesis, Athena stands for military strategy and symbolizes superiority in strategy and wisdom. She is brave, strong, kind and kind, but sometimes she is a little narrow-minded and doesn't want others to be better than her. When she was born, Zeus suffered from a severe headache. After hephaestus split Zeus' head with a big axe, Athena jumped out with a pike and armor, and inherited her mother Metis' high wisdom and practical skills, so she became the patron saint of arts and crafts. She was renamed Pallas Athena because she accidentally killed her friend pallas. Owls with bright eyes at night, as well as cocks and poisonous snakes, are symbols of Athena, the goddess with bright eyes. Hermes: The daughter of an angel, Zeus and Atlas, the banshee of the forest, and the son of Maya. She is the cleverest god on Mount Olympus. Winged feet, flying at high speed, became messengers of the gods in the sky, later became protectors of travelers, businessmen and thieves, and often turned into the lower bound of mortals to help protectors. Is the smartest and most cunning god. According to legend, he is a gifted speaker, so he is still the god of eloquence. Agile and elegant, wearing winged sandals, wearing a winged low crown hat and holding a golden wand coiled by two snakes (as its special symbol). Hephaestus: Vulcan. His Roman name is Vulcan. Son of Zeus and Hera. Unlike other beautiful gods, he is ugly and lame. But gentle, peace-loving, even the world is very popular. According to legend, this volcano is the melting pot of his craftsmen, which is used to make magic weapons and artifacts for the gods. He is a craftsman of the gods with superb skills and has created many famous magic weapons and artifacts. Legend has it that Apollo's Japanese car, eros's golden arrow and silver arrow, and Zeus' aegis were all forged by him. Apollo: the patron saint of archery, art and science, the god of justice and punishment, the god of flash, originally the sun god. Son of Zeus and Leto, the twin brother of luna and hunting goddess themis, and one of the twelve Greek gods, his full name is Phobos Apollo, which means "bright" or "brilliant". Represents bright, eternal youth, beauty, harmony and peace. In charge of medicine, literature, poetry, music, etc. The most handsome male god among the twelve gods. The most remarkable thing is the ability to predict. The laurel is his sacred tree, and his favorite pets are dolphins and crows. Aphrodite, the goddess of love and beauty in Greek mythology, is also the goddess of sex and beauty in charge of fertility and navigation. She represents the most emotional outlook on life and symbolizes the satisfaction of beauty, youth and lust. Cronus cut off his father Uranus' penis, threw it into the Aegean Sea, and was born from the waves. Myrtle is her sacred tree, and pigeons are her favorite birds. Swan and sparrow are also very popular. Artemis: the chaste goddess of hunting, the god of the new moon, with the new moon as the bow. Themis is the twin sister of Apollo and one of the three virgins. So it is also called the patron saint of virgins. She is the owner of wild animals, an excellent archer and a major hunter in heaven. Her other hobby is dancing. Cypress is her sacred tree, and deer is her favorite pet. Dionysus: the hospitable Dionysian and carnival god, the son of Zeus and a mortal woman, Semele, the only official god with mortal blood, one of the gods closest to mankind, symbolizes irrationality, indulgence and passion; Invented wine and popularized the cultivation of grapes. His dual personality can bring joy and intoxication, but at the same time it is cruel and irritable-just like wine. Dionysus came to Olympus only later, and Hades, the brother of Zeus and Poseidon, was always the king of the underworld. Prometheus, who was sentenced to suffer for a long time on the cliffs, always wore an iron ring inlaid with a stone from Caucasus Mountain, so that Zeus could boast that his enemy was still locked in the mountain, but was finally rescued by Hercules. )

Other gods

The starry night goddess, the sister of Leto, the night goddess. Among the three goddess of the night, the Knicks are the embodiment of the night itself, while Leto and the sisters Astoria are two different faces of the night: Leto symbolizes the night without stars and the moon, and Asteria corresponds to the starry night. Hecate: Goddess of the underworld and magic. The dark side of the world symbolizes her. Maid in the afterlife. The only daughter of Asteria, the goddess of starry night, and Poerxiusi, the god of destruction. Nemesis: Nemesis; Specially punish offenders. Helius: The sun god, the engaged son of Leo and Tia, and the brother of the moon goddess Selene and Leona of eos. Selene Selene): The goddess of the moon, the betrothed daughter of Leo and Tia, the sister of Helius, the sun god, and eos, the god of Leona. Eos (EOS): The goddess of dawn, the daughter of Leo and Tia after their engagement, and the sister of Helius, the sun god, and Selene, the moon goddess. Persephone: the goddess of spring, the daughter of Demeter; Hadders's wife. Eros: Son of little love god, Aphrodite and Ares. His "weapon" is a magical javelin or bow and arrow. People who are shot will have irresistible love for the first opposite sex they meet. Herb: the daughter of Zeus and Hera; The goddess of youth is the cupbearer of Olympus. After marrying Heracles. Canon Yi: the goddess of ice and snow Pan: the son of Hermes, the god of agriculture and animal husbandry; With a pair of horns and hooves. He is an excellent composer and flute player. Happy and naughty lecherous god, Poseidon, daughter of Al themis; Fell in love with Odysseus, a mortal hero, but failed to marry him because of Zeus' obstruction. Achelous: The river god, the eldest son of Oxius and Tessie. Sai Ren, the father of Sai Ren. Alcyoneus: The son of heaven and earth, the most powerful giant, will not be killed when he is on the ground. Amalthea: The fairy in the sea has a horn that can get food. After Achelous's horn was broken by Heracles, she gave one of them to Achelous. Iris: the messenger of Zeus; Rainbow goddess; Head bird Harper's sister. Arce: Titan; Neon goddess; Theia, the sister of the first bird, is the goddess of the sea; After Poseidon damaged Odysseus' boat, she saved Odysseus. Perseus: The daughter of Oedipus and Tessie and the wife of Helius. Clymene: Daughter of the sea goddess Osias and Tessie. It seems that he had a close relationship with Prometheus, Apollo and other gods and gave birth to many children. Circe: The daughter of Helius and Pearl Earplugs, she is a powerful witch who can turn people into livestock. Proteus: Old people in the sea change endlessly. Scarmand: The name of the river is also the name of the river god; Also known as Sansos Hesperides: the daughter of the Knicks; Guarding the golden apple tree that Gaia gave to Hera as a wedding gift. Mountain Goddess: Purchased by Pan, turned into a reed. Pallas: daughter of Poseidon; Athena accidentally killed her. In memory of her, she changed her name to pallas, calling herself Pallas Athena. Glaucus: Poseidon is good at forecasting. Talos: a giant, the last man in the Bronze Age; Guard crete. Menosius: keeper of hades. Creature: Fierce incarnation, son of pallas and Stix River. Kratos: The incarnation of power, the son of pallas and Stix River, is a "fierce" brother.

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Pandora: Zeus first ordered fire to be mixed with hephaestus, the god of forging, to create a lovely woman in the image of the goddess; Then he ordered Aphrodite, the god of love and beauty, to pour the fragrance that made men crazy; Athena, the goddess of wisdom and craft, taught her to weave; Hermes, the messenger of God, taught her the gift of language. Epeius, a famous craftsman in the Greek army, built a wooden horse. Erechtheus: King of Athens; The son of Kaia and hephaestus, raised by Athena. Eteocles: The son of Oedipus, seven generals who fought against Thebes, died at the hands of his brother. Orion: A handsome and strong hunter, loved by seven daughters of Al themis, became Orion after his death. Orpheus: the son of Kalliope, one of the muses; He can move mountains and topple stones with the sound of the piano and tame wild animals. Become Lila after death. IO: Princess of Mediterranean countries, loved by Zeus, turned her into a heifer, chased by Hera's cowherd and escaped under the guidance of Prometheus. Finally, she became the Egyptian goddess Isis. Ducalion: the son of Prometheus and Clymene and the husband of Pilars; Zeus left only them when he sent floods to destroy mankind. Icarus: son of Daedalus; When my father and I fled Crete, we flew near the sun and fell into the water and died. Ixion Whee: Rabbi of King of Thailand; Because he deliberately made trouble with Hera, Zeus tied him to a spinning wheel and was punished in the underworld forever. Jasion: Son of Zeus and the goddess of the sea. He pursued Demeter, the goddess of agriculture, and was killed by Zeus. Jason: the leader of Argo hero who captured golden fleece; Medea's husband. Sisyphus: the most cunning of mankind; Punished in the underworld after death, the boulder will be pushed up the mountain forever, but it will fall again with the boulder at the top of the mountain. Chryseis: The daughter of Apollo priest in Troy, captured by Agamemnon, who refused to give her back to her father, which led to the revenge of the sun god. Medea: A beautiful sorceress who helped Jason get golden fleece and marry him; Later, due to Jason's empathy, he personally killed his two sons and designed a new love to kill Jason. Afterwards, Jason committed suicide in front of the palace. Medea drove magic dragon, summoned by magic, back to his hometown, gained his father's understanding that he escaped from the palace with Jason, and used magic to help his father regain the throne. King Atamas of Filja married Princess Nipera, and they gave birth to twins. However, the king had an affair with Princess Ginova of Tebe, drove Princess Niepera out of the palace and made Nova his new wife. When Princess Khynova had a child of her own, she decided to kill the only twin left by her predecessor, Princess Niepera (the elder brother is Prica and the younger sister is Hurley). She bribed the fortune teller to complain to the king: If the children born to the former princess are not sacrificed to Zeus, the gods will be furious and there will be famine this year. When Nipola knew about it, he asked Zeus for help, so Zeus sent the golden ram in the sky to the other side of the sky with his two brothers and sisters. Because the speed was too fast, my sister fell into the sea, and the ram looked back at my sister and guarded my brother, thus forming today's Aries.

Taurus constellation

Across the Behnas River in Mogna, King Behnas has a beautiful princess Europa. One day, the princess and the maids went to the wild to pick flowers and play. Suddenly, a snow-white cow appeared and looked at Europa with extremely gentle eyes. In fact, this cow was changed by Zeus who admired the beauty of the princess. At first, the princess was really surprised, but she went to the gentle cow and touched it gently.