Brief introduction of Liu Gongquan's life

Liu Gongquan is one of the famous calligraphers in China, and his calligraphy works have had an important influence on the art of calligraphy and font in China. So, how much do you know about Liu Gongquan's life? The following is the life story of Liu Gongquan compiled by me, hoping to help you.

Liu Gongquan was born in Jingzhao Garden (now Yaozhou District, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province) in the 13th year of Tang Daizong Dali (AD 778). Grandfather Liu, then a scholar in Taizhou, Tang Dynasty, joined the army. His father was once the governor of Danzhou, and his brother was Liu Gongzhuo, a famous minister in Tang Dynasty.

Liu Gongquan liked reading since he was a child, and he was able to write a speech at the age of twelve.

Tang Xianzong Yuanhe three years (AD 808), Jinshi. I was the secretary of the provincial school. Li listened to what he said and appointed him minister. After Tang Muzong acceded to the throne, Liu Gongquan went to Beijing to give lectures. Mu Zong summoned him and said to him, "I saw your handwriting in the Buddhist temple and I have long wanted to see you." . ? He was promoted to right gleaning to fill the bachelor's degree in Hanlin, and later to right gleaning and secretary sealing Yuanwailang. Tang Muzong is dissolute and eccentric in management. He once asked Liu Gongquan how to use a pen to be perfect, and Liu Gongquan answered. The method of using a pen is intentional, and the regular brushwork is natural and perfect. ? The emperor looked ashamed and knew that he was exhorting with a brush. Liu Gongquan lived in Mu Zong, Jing Zong and Wenzong dynasties, and served as a scribe in the palace. His brother, Liu Gongchu, who works in Taiyuan, wrote to Li Zongmin, the prime minister, saying: My brother painstakingly studied article calligraphy and was appointed as a bookkeeper in the First Wang Chaocai. This position is no different from divination clerk. I'm ashamed of it, too. Please change him to a vacant seat. ? As a result, he was promoted to doctor right, then doctor middle school, doctor of Ministry of War and bachelor of Hongwen Museum. Literati missed him and called him Nunnery, so he was promoted to remonstrance officer. Soon it was changed to Zhongshu Sheren, and he was appointed as a bachelor of Hanlin Book. Every time I answer a question from literate admired in the bath hall, the candles are often burnt out, but Tan Xing is too thick to get the candles, so the maid in the palace uses wax paper to order them.

He went to Weiyang Palace Garden with Wenzong, and Wenzong stopped his car and said to Liu Gongquan. There is one thing that makes me very happy. In the past, clothes for border guards were often not delivered in time, but now spring clothes are delivered in February. ? Liu Gongquan came forward to congratulate, literate admired yue? Just congratulations, but I can't express my thoughts clearly. You should write a poem to congratulate me. ? The imperial secretary urged him to read it to the emperor himself, and Liu Gongquan replied:? Although there was no war last year, I have not come back this year. How do you repay the emperor's kindness? You get spring clothes in spring. ? The literati were very happy and admired for a long time.

On one occasion, literate Sect convened six bachelors in the temporary hall. Speaking of Emperor Wen's frugality, Wenzong raised his sleeves and said, This dress has been washed three times. ? Scholars all praise the frugality of literati. Only Liu Gongquan kept silent, and literate admired him and asked him why he didn't speak. Liu Gongquan answered? During the monarch's festival, we should pay attention to the use of talents, and dismiss those dishonest courtiers, listen to exhortation, and reward and punish them clearly. As for wearing washed clothes, it's just a trivial matter. ? Zhou Yong was there at that time, and he was trembling with fear after listening to his words, but Liu Gongquan was confident. Wenzong said to him:? I know that you, an official who gave up your family, should not be reduced to a remonstrator, but because you have the demeanor of a remonstrator, you are made to be a remonstrator. ? The next day, he was appointed as a doctor with advice and knowledge, and his bachelor's degree still exists. Three years later, I was transferred to the position of Assistant Minister of Industry as a backup. Wenzong once called him for questioning and said to him, What's the discussion outside? Liu Gongquan answered? Since Japanese Guo was appointed as our special envoy for Yongning, people have been talking about this matter, some of which are good and some are not. ? Wenzong said: Guo Riren is the nephew of my late father and the uncle of the empress dowager, and there is no fault in his work. What were you talking about when you were promoted from general Jin Wu to small ambassador in Fujian? Liu Gongquan said? With the merits and virtues of the Japanese, it is more appropriate to be appointed as our ambassador. The reason people talk about it is that Guo Japanese gave his two daughters to the palace, so he was promoted. Is it true?/You don't say. Wenzong said: His two daughters came to visit the Queen Mother in the palace, not to offer their daughters. ? Liu Gongquan said? As the saying goes, Li didn't get the whole crown until he got the shoes. If there is no suspicion, why did it come home? Therefore, he cited an example of Wang Jue persuading Taizong to send Princess Lujiang out of the palace to illustrate his interest. The literati immediately sent an envoy, Zhang Rihua, to return the two women to Guo Japanese. Liu Gongquan's loyalty and outspoken mistakes are mostly like this. Liu Gongquan was promoted repeatedly and was promoted to a bachelor's degree in Wenzong Dynasty. Tang Wuzong acceded to the throne, went to the bachelor's office in Neifu, and served as a servant on the right. Prime Minister Cui Xun recommended him as a bachelor of Jixian Hall and a court judge. Li Deyu was very kind to Liu Gongquan, but when Liu Gongquan was recommended by Cui Xun, he was very unhappy and was demoted as a guest of the Prince. Then he was promoted to Dr. Jin Guanglu, the founder of Shangzhu State and Hedong County, and sealed 2,000 households. He also served as a drink offering for Zuo Changshi and Guo Zi. Li Sheng Ministry of Industry Shangshu. Xian Tong was named Prince Shaofu in the early years, and later Prince Shao Shi. He has been in the position of three products and two products for 30 years. Xian Tong died in six years, and he was named a prince. At the age of 88, Liu Gongquan began to learn Wang Xizhi's calligraphy, and extensively browsed modern calligraphy of various schools, forming his own vigorous and charming calligraphy style and becoming his own family. At that time, the minister's family set up a monument to his ancestors. If there is no inscription by Liu Gongquan, people will think it is unfilial. Foreign envoys come to pay tribute with money, indicating that this is the special fund for buying Liu Gongquan's books. The Diamond Sutra Monument in Ximing Temple in Chang 'an was written by Liu Gongquan. He accepted the brushwork of Zhong You, Wang Xizhi, Ou Yangxun, Yu Shinan, Chu Suiliang and Lu Dongzhi, and it is his most proud work. In summer, literati and poets write poems in conjunction with bachelors. What is the first couplet of literate Sect? Everyone is bitter and hot. I love long summer days. ? Liu Gongquan continued: The south wind is coming, and the temple pavilion is cool. ? At that time, five bachelors, such as Ding and Yuan, were talking in succession. The literati only recited two poems by Liu Gongquan, saying:? The words are beautiful, poetic and rare. ? So he ordered Liu Gongquan to write it on the wall of the palace. Each word was five inches long and it said Fiona Fang. Literati admired it and said: Zhong You, Wang Xizhi's rebirth is also super! ?

In the early years of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, he was promoted to Shao Shi, and Liu Gongquan entered the palace to thank him. Tang Xuanzong called him to the temple and asked him to write three words face to face. The military commander asked Simon to hold the inkstone for him, and Cui Juyuan, the envoy of the Tang Dynasty, expanded the paper for him. A picture is written in ten-character print. Mrs Wei's calligraphy is in Wang Youjun? ; A picture is eleven words in a running script. What is the formula of "Qian Wen Zi" by Yong Shi Chan Cao Zhen? ; One is eight characters in cursive script. How does the predicate help others? . Give him brocade, bottles and jars and other silverware, and ask him to write a thank-you note in person, whether in regular script or running script. Xuanzong especially cherished his thank-you table. Liu Gongquan concentrates on the art of calligraphy, but has no energy to manage housework. He writes inscriptions for his family and receives a lot of money every year. Most of the money was stolen by people in charge of property, such as seagulls and Long 'an. He kept a basket of silverware, such as wine, cups and plates. He found that the seal on the basket was intact, but the utensils were gone. He asked the seagull, and the seagull said, I don't know how I lost it. ? Liu Gongquan said with a smile? Maybe the silver cup has wings and flies away. ? Don't say anything All he treasures are ink, ink, inkstone and calligraphy and painting, all of which are locked up by himself. He once evaluated the quality of inkstone and thought that Qingzhou inkstone was the first, and it could be inked by light grinding; Blackstone inkstone is second.

He specializes in Zuozhuan, Guoyu, Shangshu, Shi Mao and Zhuangzi, and often writes several papers every time he speaks a word. He is familiar with melody, but he doesn't like listening to music. He often says: this is because listening to music makes people feel arrogant and slow. ?

He died in Xian Tong in the sixth year (AD 865) and was given the title of Prince Taishi at the age of eighty-eight.

Liu Gongquan's story is said to be arrogant and impetuous, making a name for himself.

Liu Gongquan was born in Huayuan (now Yaoxian County, Shaanxi Province) in the Tang Dynasty. When he was young, his handwriting was terrible, and he was often scolded by his husband and father for his crooked handwriting. Xiao Gongquan is very strong and determined to practice his handwriting well. After more than a year of hard work day and night, his calligraphy has made great progress. Compared with his friends of the same age in Liu Jiayuan, the word public rights has become the best in the village.

Since then, his big characters have been praised by classmates and teachers, and even the stern father has a smile on his face, which makes Xiao Gongquan feel very proud.

One day, Liu Gongquan and some friends laid a square table under an old mulberry tree near the village. Book club? Everyone agrees that everyone should write a block letter and watch each other's game. Gong Quan soon wrote an article. At this time, an old man selling tofu brain put down his burden and came to the mulberry tree to enjoy the cool. He watched the children practice calligraphy with great interest. Liu Gongquan handed over his handwriting and said? Grandpa, do you think my writing is great? The old man took it and read it. I can write about the Feifeng family and dare to boast in front of people. ? The old man thought the child was too proud, frowned and hesitated for a moment before saying, I think this word is not well written and it is not worth boasting in front of others. This word is like a bean curd in my burden, soft, heartless and intangible. Is it worth praising in front of people? Several friends stopped to listen carefully to the old man's comments. Xiao Gongquan saw that the old man had made a mess of his words and said unconvinced. People say my handwriting is good, but you can't. Write a few words if you can. ?

The old man smiled brightly and said, no, no! My father is a boor and can't write well. However, some people write with their feet much better than you! If you don't believe me, go to Huajing! ?

Xiao Gongquan was angry at first, thinking that the old man was scolding him. Later, I thought of the kind face and hearty laughter of the old man.

I didn't scold him, so I decided to visit the capital of China. Huajingcheng is more than 40 miles from Liu Jiayuan. The next day, he got up at five o'clock, quietly left a thousand dollars at home, carrying a bag and went to the capital of China alone.

As soon as Liu Gongquan entered Shoumen, the capital of China, he saw a white cloth cover hanging under a big locust tree in North Street, which read? Calligraphy and painting soup? Three big characters, vigorous and powerful fonts, vigorous and natural strokes and techniques. There were many people under the tree, and he squeezed into the crowd to see. He was dumbfounded. I saw a black and thin deformed old man, without arms, sitting barefoot on the ground, his left foot pressing the paper lying on the ground, and his right foot pressing a large sum of money, writing couplets with ease. His pen is like a god, and his words are like a galloping horse, which won the cheers of onlookers.

Xiao Gongquan realized that the old man selling tofu was not lying. He was so ashamed that he thought: Compared with Grandpa Calligraphy and Painting Soup, I am really far behind. Him? Plop? Kneeling in front of the calligraphy and painting soup, he said, I would like to worship you as a teacher. My name is Liu Gongquan. Please accept me. I hope the master can tell me the secret of writing. Calligraphy and painting soup hurriedly put down the pen in his foot, pulled up Xiao Gongquan with his foot and said, I am a lonely freak. I was born without hands. I can't survive. I want to lean on my feet? Kun is alive. Although I can write a few crooked words, how can I be a teacher?

Hsiao Kung chuan begged again and again, and the calligraphy and painting soup spread a piece of paper on the ground. His right foot raised a pen and wrote: Write eight jars of water, and the inkstone dyed black in the waterlogged pool; If you win hundreds of parents, you will get a phoenix in Yi Long. ?

The old man said to the public power: This is the secret of my writing. I have been writing with my feet since I was a child, and I have been practicing for more than fifty years. My family has a big vat that can hold eight barrels of water. Eight cylinders of water were used when grinding ink and practicing calligraphy. There is a waterlogging pool half an acre outside my wall. I wash the inkstone in the pool every day after writing. The water in the pool is black. However, my calligraphy practice is far from perfect! ?

Liu Gongquan firmly engraved the old man's words in his heart. He deeply thanked the calligraphy and painting soup and reluctantly went back.

Since then, Liu Gongquan has worked hard to practice calligraphy, grinding thick cocoons on his hands and mending his elbows layer by layer. He learned the beauty and richness of Yan style, the openness and elegance of European style, the boldness and boldness of calligraphy and painting soup, and the elegance and charm of palace style. He often watches others pick sheep from cattle and study the skeleton structure, from which he gets inspiration. He also observed wild geese in the sky, fish swimming in the water, running elk and runaway wild horses, and integrated all kinds of beautiful forms of nature into calligraphy art.

Liu Gongquan eventually became a famous calligrapher in Tang Dynasty in China. His calligraphy structure is rigorous, combining rigidity with softness, generous and open, which is cherished by calligraphy circles. Yan gu? Good name. But Liu Gongquan was still very dissatisfied with his calligraphy until he was old. In his later years, he lived in seclusion in the stork valley (now called Liugou) in the south of Huajing City, specializing in calligraphy and diligently practicing calligraphy until his death at the age of 88.

The right thought and the right pen

Liu Gongquan is not only a famous calligrapher, but also an honest and frank person who dares to speak out.

One year, Tang Muzong saw Liu Gongquan's calligraphy in a temple, and he liked it very much. He wants to meet him and talk about calligraphy. Coincidentally, it was not long before Liu Gongquan came from Zhou Xia (now northern Shaanxi) to work in the imperial court and became an official there. When Tang Muzong heard that Liu Gongquan was coming, he invited him to see himself and left him to do the correct gleaning in court (the official responsible for giving advice to the emperor).

One day, Tang Muzong and Liu Gongquan were talking about calligraphy, and Tang Muzong asked Liu Gongquan for advice. Your handwriting is correct and powerful, but I can't write so well. How can I write with a pen? After listening to Tang Muzong's question, Liu Gongquan thought: I have long heard that emperors eat, drink and be merry all day, regardless of state affairs. Why don't I take this opportunity to convince him?

So he said to Tang Muzong:? To write, you must hold the pen first. The key to using a pen lies in the heart. If the heart is right, the pen can be right! This is the same as national affairs, and you can't do it without heart! ?

Hearing Liu Gongquan's words, Tang Muzong knew that he was trying to convince himself with his brushwork, and he couldn't help blushing.

This is only a part. Later, the emperor changed to Tang Wenzong. One day, Tang Wenzong was talking about state affairs with several ministers, and Liu Gongquan was also present. When people say that Emperor Wendi (his story, please see "The Politician", Volume 1) attaches great importance to thrift,

Tang Wenzong raised his sleeves for everyone to see, deliberately boasted. This dress has been washed three times, and it is still on me. ?

One of the ministers present was immediately flattered and said, Your Majesty, your frugality is better than that of the Chinese emperor! ?

Several other ministers followed suit. Only Liu Gongquan said nothing. Tang Wenzong was a little unhappy and asked Liu Gongquan:? Why didn't you say a word?

Liu Gongquan looked at Tang Wenzong and said seriously. Your majesty, as the son of heaven, the most important thing for you is to choose those who are virtuous and competent, and to demote those who are not virtuous. Let the person who rewards be rewarded, and the person who punishes be punished. This is the most precious virtue of the son of heaven! It looks good to wear washed clothes, but it's just a trivial matter! ? Tang Wenzong listened to Liu Gongquan, wanted to think, and felt very reasonable. He said happily? At present, the noblest and most glorious official position among civil servants is the official responsible for drafting imperial edicts, and you have already held this position. By rights, I shouldn't let you be a small official like Doctor Jian. However, because you are honest and clean, and have the elegant demeanour of courtiers, I will wronged you to resume the post of exhortation doctor, so that you can remind me at any time.

The next day, Tang Wenzong ordered Liu Gongquan to be the remonstrator. Liugongquan tomb

North of Rangyi Village, Azi Township, Yaozhou District 1 km. It is 82 meters long from east to west and 64 meters long from north to south. Liu Gongzhuo and Liu Gongquan are from Yaozhou District, Tongchuan, and their biological brothers. Chuo's tomb is in the east, and Quan's tomb is in the west, with a distance of 46 meters. There is a 1 stone tablet in front of the tomb. 1 regular script tablet? Give Jinshi and assistant minister of the Ministry of War and vice governor of Shaanxi Bi Yuanshu? , China bank official script character? Tomb of Liu Gonggong, the minister of Tang Ministry of War? The next regular script? Shen Meng, Qiu Zhi, Yaozhou, Zhang Fengming, a veteran during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty? ; The upper and lower paragraphs of the other pass are the same as those of the former monument. China bank official script character? The prince is studying at the Wangliugong Cemetery in Hedong County? . The monument is 5 meters away from the tomb. 1956 was announced as a provincial cultural relics protection unit. 1990 the provincial cultural relics bureau approved the establishment of the cultural management office of Liu Gongquan's tomb.

The Story of Liu Gongquan One day, Liu Gongquan had a meeting with some friends. Book club? . At this moment, an old man selling tofu saw his handwriting. Can you write about Feng Fei's family and dare to boast in front of others? Feeling that the child was too proud, he frowned and said, this word is not well written, just like my tofu, it is soft and flat without bones. Is it worth praising in front of people? Hearing this, Hsiao Kung chuan said unhappily, If you can, write me some words. ?

The old man smiled brightly and said, dare not, dare not, I am a clown and can't write well. However, some people write with their feet much better than you! If you don't believe me, go to Huajing. ?

The next day, Xiao Gongquan got a Geng and went to Huajing alone. As soon as he entered the capital of China, he saw many people gathered around a big pagoda tree. He squeezed into the crowd and saw a black and thin old man, without arms and barefoot, sitting on the ground, his left foot pressing paper, his right foot holding a pen, writing couplets freely, and his handwriting was like a galloping horse, dancing with dragons and phoenixes, winning cheers from the onlookers.

Small public rights? Plop? Kneel in front of the old man and say, I would like to worship you as a teacher. Please tell me the secret of writing. The old man quickly pulled Xiao Gongquan up with his feet and said, I am a lonely person. I was born without hands and can only live by my feet. How can I be a teacher? When Xiao Gongquan begged, the old man spread a piece of paper on the ground and wrote a few words with his right foot:

? Write eight jars of water, and the inkstone (face) stains (old) pool is black; Bo (Bo) takes a hundred relatives (Chang), and dragons and phoenixes fly. ?