Brief introduction of ancient historical figures and their works in China

1. The Analects of Confucius (Confucius): 2. Laozi (Laozi); 3. Mencius (Mencius); 4. Mozi (Mozi); 5. Zhuangzi (Zhuangzi); 6. Xunzi (Xunzi); 7. Everything is wrong (everything is wrong); 8. Sun Tzu's Art of War (Sun Tzu); 9. Historical Records (Sima Qian); 10. Zitongzhijian (Sima Guang); 1 1. Hanshu (Ban Gu); 12. The History of the Three Kingdoms (Chen Shou); 13. Chunqiu (Confucius); 14. Putonghua (Zuo Qiuming); 15. The Warring States Policy (author unknown); 16. Zhouyi (author unknown); 17. Shan Hai Jing (author unknown); 18. Atlas of the Ocean (Wei Yuan); 19. Generally speaking (Wang Chong); 20. Xu Xiake's Travel Notes (Xu Xiake).

The second part:

Luo Guanzhong, the author of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Shi Naian, the author of The Journey to the West, Wu Cheng'en, the author of A Dream of Red Mansions, Cao Xueqin, the author of Sikuquanshu, Tang Xianzu, the author of Ji Xiaolan and Peony Pavilion, Li Er, the author of Sun Tzu, Travel Notes of the Old Handicapped, Old Handicapped, The Tiller Has Its Flowers, and a record of officialdom in its present form for twenty years.

The third part:

A complete introduction to ancient historical celebrities

1. Works of Pre-Qin writers

Confucius, named Zhong Ni, was a thinker and educator in the Spring and Autumn Period and the founder of Confucianism. The core of thought is "benevolence". There are 20 existing Analects of Confucius, which are a collection of quotations used by his disciples to record his words and deeds. "On", read lún, select also, and select excerpts.

Mozi, named Di, was born in Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period and was the founder of Mohism. He advocated universal love, mutual non-aggression, Shang Xian and frugality. He is the author of Mozi, and now there are 53 articles.

Sun Tzu, word Changqing, a famous martial artist, was born in the State of Qi in the late Spring and Autumn Period, and was a military theorist. He wrote Sun Tzu's Art of War, 13, which was called "the classic of military strategists" in ancient times. This is China's first military work.

Mencius was born in Zou, Shandong Province during the Warring States Period. He is a thinker, politician and educator, and a master of Confucianism after Confucius. Its central idea is "benevolence and righteousness", which advocates benevolent government, emphasizes that "the people are more valuable than the monarch" and attaches importance to the people's hearts. Put forward the theory of "good nature" on the issue of human nature. He is the author of Mencius.

Zhuangzi, a famous Zhou, was born in the Warring States Period and was a representative of the Taoist school. Zhuangzi has thirty-three volumes, also known as the South China Classic. His masterpiece is Happy Travel.

Xunzi, whose real name was Qing, was renamed in the Han Dynasty when downstream was taboo. During the Warring States Period, Zhao (Hebei) was a thinker, educator and representative of Confucianism. He put forward the theory of evil in view of Mencius' theory of good nature, and the simple materialism of "Heaven is always there" and the thought of "Man will conquer nature" in view of Confucian theory of destiny. He is the author of thirty-two articles of Xunzi, and his representative works include "Encouraging Learning" and "The Theory of Heaven".

Han Fei, a Korean at the end of the Warring States Period, was a disciple of Xun Kuang and a representative of Legalism. Politically, he put forward all kinds of policies of clear rewards and punishments, emphasizing agriculture and restraining war, advocating centralized monarchy and opposing aristocratic manipulation of politics. There are 55 works by Han Feizi, including Five Bamboo Trees, Naoko Doubting Neighborhood and Bian Que Meeting Cai Huangong.

Lv Buwei, a Korean businessman at the end of the Warring States Period, was once the prime minister of Qin. He compiled Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals.

Liezi, named Yu Kou, was born in Zheng (Henan) during the Warring States Period. He is respected as a senior by Taoism, and he values "emptiness", that is, emptiness, quietness and inaction. He is the author of Liezi 8.

Qu Yuan was born in Chu at the end of the Warring States Period. He initiated a new era of poetry from collective singing to individual independent writing. He is the founder of China's positive romantic poetry tradition, the first great patriotic poet in China, and one of the four cultural celebrities in the world (including Polish Copernicus, British Shakespeare and Italian Dante). He wrote Li Sao, China's first political lyric poem, as well as Jiu Ge, Jiu Zhang and Tian Wen, in the form of Chu Ci (that is, suffering from sorrow, leaving leads to suffering). Shejiang is one of the nine chapters. The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the anniversary of his drowning in the Miluo River.

2. Works of writers in Han Dynasty

Jia Yi, known as Jia Sheng in the world, or Jia Changsha and Jia Taifu, was born in Luoyang (Henan), a politician and writer in the Western Han Dynasty. The main literary achievements are political essays, including 7 "sparse" essays and 58 "new books" in volume 10. His representative works include "Ode to Hanging Qu Yuan" and "Ode to Catching Birds". Jia Changsha Collection was compiled in Ming Dynasty, which was named for Changsha Taifu.

Liu An, a native of Jiangsu, was a thinker and writer in the Western Han Dynasty, the grandson of Emperor Gaozu, and was named King of Huainan with his father. Collectively known as Huainan Lie Hong, also known as Huainan Zi.

Sima Qian, a native of xia yang (Shaanxi), was the son of Taishiling Sima Tan. Historians and writers in the Western Han Dynasty. After many hardships, it was written into the historical records, formerly known as Taishi Gongshu.

Liu Xiang, whose real name is Ziqiang. Confucian classics, bibliographers and writers in the Western Han Dynasty. He is the author of Shuo Yuan and New Preface, and also edited The Warring States Policy and Songs of the South.

Ban Gu, whose name is Meng Jian, is from Fufeng, Shaanxi. He was a historian and writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty. More than 20 years later, he compiled China's first biographical chronology, Han Shu, which created a chronicle style of "including a generation". As far as Ci Fu is concerned, Du Liangfu is the most famous.

3. Works of writers in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

Cao Cao, named Meng De, was a politician, strategist and poet in the Three Kingdoms period. Han Xian Emperor was named Prime Minister and later Wang Wei. After his death, his son Cao Pi built Wei on behalf of Han and worshipped Cao Wei. There are also some lyric poems, such as Watching the Sea. Although turtles live a long life, there is also Li Xing by Hao.

Zhuge Liang, also known as Kong Ming, was a statesman and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period. From officials to prime ministers, the most famous poem in Shu and Han dynasties is Fu Liang's Poem, and Liezi is a famous one that has been told for generations.

Cao Pi, Jpua, Cao Cao's second son, Wei Wendi. A writer in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, his masterpieces Ge Yanxing and Dian Lun? Thesis is the first monograph on literary criticism in China.

Chen Shou, Zi Chengzuo, was a historian in the Western Jin Dynasty. He is the author of the national history book The History of the Three Kingdoms.

Tao Yuanming, whose real name is Qian and his character is Ming, is Mr. Jingjie, who calls himself Mr. Wuliu, a poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the first pastoral poet in China. Prose includes Peach Blossom Garden, Biography of Mr. Wuliu, and poetry includes Drinking in the Garden.

Gan Bao, the word rises. Historians and writers in the Eastern Jin Dynasty wrote China's first collection of mythical (mysterious) novels, Searching for the Gods.

Ye Fan, Zi, was a historian and essayist in the Southern Song Dynasty. Le Yangzi's Wife and Zhang Hengchuan are selected from his Book of the Later Han Dynasty, namely the Eastern Han Dynasty. "People with lofty ideals don't drink water from stolen springs, and honest people don't take food from stolen springs" comes from his book "Later Han Dynasty? Biography of women

Liu Yiqing was a novelist in the Song Dynasty in China, and he wrote China's first collection of notes and novels, Shi Shuo Xin Yu. This is a note novel that records anecdotes of characters in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Many stories in the book have become allusions and themes of poems, novels and plays, and some have become common idioms, such as "looking at plums to quench thirst", "infatuation" and "glib tongue".

Liu Xie, Zi Yanhe, a literary theorist in the Southern Liang Dynasty, has written 50 monographs on Chinese literary theory, covering many problems in his creation.

Li Daoyuan, Zi Ziliang, was a geographer and essayist in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Written in 40 volumes, Notes on Water Classics is a geographical chronicle with literary value.

Zhong Rong, Zi Zhongwei, a literary critic in the Southern Liang Dynasty, is the author of the first monograph on poetry theory in China.

4. Works of writers in Tang Dynasty

Wang Bo, Zi Zi 'an, one of the four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty, was a writer in the Tang Dynasty. He wrote a poem "Farewell to Du Fu DuDu" and later went to Shu (Five Laws). The famous article "Preface to Wang Teng Pavilion". The author of Wang Zian's works.

Yang Jiong, the first of the four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty, was famous for "joining the army".

Lu, one of the four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty, was a representative of Chang 'an in ancient times.

Luo, one of the four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty, is represented by Political Prisoners Listening to Cicada, and there is another famous work, Qiuwuban, whose anthology is Linhai Collection.

He, Zi Jizhen, was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The book "Back to Hometown" (The Four Wonders) is a masterpiece.

Wang Zhihuan, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. His "Liangzhou Ci" and "Dengque Lou" are the treasures of the quatrains in the Tang Dynasty.

Meng Haoran was an idyllic poet in Tang Dynasty. Passing through Old Villages (Five Methods) depicts the pastoral scenery of green mountains and green rivers and the peasant flavor of "talking about Sang Ma with cups in our hands", which embodies the true feelings of poets and villagers. "Spring Dawn" (Five Wonders) describes the scene of spring dawn and the feeling of early spring, and has become a good poem that has been passed down through the ages.

Wang Changling, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was good at four-character poems and wrote about the military life of the frontier fortress at that time. He is magnificent and elegant in style. His seven poems, such as Farewell to Xin Jian in Furong Inn and Chusai, are famous in the capital.

Wang Wei, whose real name is Cimo, was originally named Wang Youcheng. Pastoral poet of the Tang Dynasty, whose famous works include Birds Singing in the Stream (Five Unique Poems), Yuan Shi Er An Xi (Seven Unique Poems) and Hunting (Five Laws). Su Shi praised Wang Wei's words, "There are paintings in poems and poems in paintings".

Li Bai, the word Taibai, was a romantic poet in Tang Dynasty. The official worships Hanlin. Because of his arrogant personality, he was not tolerated by powerful people, which deepened his understanding of corrupt society and wrote poems attacking the extravagance of imperial power and powerful people and accusing the reality of political darkness. Thoughts on a Quiet Night, Songs of Autumn Pu, Looking at Tianmen Mountain, Farewell to Friends, Seven Ancient Poems, It's Hard to Walk on Mount Tianmu. The author of the complete works of Li Taibai.

Gao Shi, with a rich word, was a frontier poet in Tang Dynasty. His poems reflect the border situation and the sufferings of soldiers at that time, including Yan Gexing and Don't Move Big (seven unique poems).

Cui Hao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was a scholar of Kaiyuan and the eunuch of Yuan Wailang, a Si Xun. His frontier poems are generous and heroic. The Yellow Crane Tower (Seven Laws) is highly respected by Li Bai.

Du Fu, with beautiful words, once lived in Shaoling West, south of Chang 'an. He claimed to be the grandfather of Shaoling, who was known as Du Shaoling, a native of Gongxian County, Henan Province, and a realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. He once wandered around and lived in Chang 'an for ten years. He was captured in the Anshi Rebellion, escaped from his post and stayed to collect the remains. After abandoning the official, he moved to Chengdu and built a thatched cottage on the banks of Huanhua River, known as Huanhuacaotang in the world. Ren Jiannan was once thrifty and joined the army, and was called Du Gongbu by the world. His works show the historical process of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, which is called "the history of poetry", including Du Gongbu's poems. His masterpiece "From Beijing to Fengxian, Sing 500 Words" and his poems "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells".

Cen Can, a frontier poet in the Tang Dynasty, was born in history, and the official was the secretariat of history. I have been in the army for many years and have a profound understanding of frontier life, including Cenjiazhou's poems. Bai Xuege sent Tian Shuji Wu home (seven ancient books).

Zhang Zitong, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, took reclusive life as the theme and wrote famous articles such as Xuanzhenzi.

Han Yu, a native of Heyang (Henan), claimed to be Changli (a well-known family in the county), and posthumous title Han Changli, also known as Han Wengong, went from official department to official department assistant, also known as Korean official department. Prose writer and poet in the Tang Dynasty, together with Liu Zongyuan, was an advocate of the "ancient prose movement", and was listed as the first of the "eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties", and he wrote the Collected Works of Mr. Changli.

Liu Yuxi, a litterateur and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty, wrote Collected Works of Liu Mengde, and Humble Room Inscription was selected from Quan. The famous sentence "Qian Fan passed by the sinking boat, and Wan Muchun was in front of the sick tree" comes from "Reward Lotte Yangzhou for the First Time", which is profound in philosophy and well-known.

Bai Juyi, whose real name is Lotte, is a Buddhist in Xiangshan, a former official prince of Shaofu, also known as Bai Taifu. Xia (Shaanxi) Tang Dynasty poet advocated that "articles should be written in time, songs and poems should be written about things", and he wrote Bai Changqing's Collection. He is an advocate of the New Yuefu Movement, with satirical poems Qin Zhongyin and New Yuefu, long narrative poems Song of Eternal Sorrow and Pipa. There are also Charcoal Man (seven ancient stories) and Spring Tour of Qiantang Lake (seven methods).

Liu Zongyuan, a native of Hedong, is known as "Liu Hedong". Because of his failure to participate in the political reform, he was demoted to Sima Yongzhou and moved to Liuzhou to be the secretariat, known as Liu Liuzhou. Advocating the ancient prose movement with Han Yu is one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. There are feudal theory of heaven, biographies of anecdotes of Duan Taiwei, biographies of children's lodging, theory of snake catchers, fable prose, Three Commandments, Eight Notes of Yongzhou, one of landscape travels, and the book "East Collection of Liuhe".

Du Mu, named Mu Zhi, was a writer in the Tang Dynasty. In his later years, he lived in Fan Chuan Villa in the south of Chang 'an. Known as Du Fanchuan, he is good at satirizing current events in the form of quatrains, such as Red Cliff and Crossing the Qing Palace. Author of Fan Chuan's collected works.

Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was born in Yuxi. He has Li Yishan's poetry anthology and Fan Nan's anthology. His representative works include Untitled, Sui Palace, Jia Sheng, Notes for a friend in the North on a rainy night, etc.

5. Works of Song Dynasty Writers

Liu Yong, formerly known as Qin Qing, is known as Trilateral, ranking seventh in the world and Liu Qi in the world. He is also an official and foreign minister of wasteland reclamation, and is known as Liu wasteland reclamation in the world. The first professional poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. A bohemian man, he was down and out all his life. He was good at expressing his feelings about traveling and serving. He wrote the Collection of Movements.

Fan Zhongyan, Wen Xi, was a statesman, strategist and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. The term "fisherman's pride" reflects the frontier life. When he was demoted to Dengzhou, he wrote a famous article "Yueyang Tower" and wrote "Fan Wenzheng's Official Document Collection".

Ouyang Xiu, whose real name is Yong Shu, was originally named Zuiweng, Liu Yiju, posthumous title Wenzhong, a writer and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty, a leader of the ancient prose movement in the Northern Song Dynasty, and one of the eight great poets in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Advocate both "Wen" and "Dao", and oppose extravagant style of writing. His prose is eloquent, lyrical and euphemistic. On June 1st, the poetic talk created a new style of poetic talk, which had a certain influence on the development of poetic theory in later generations. Author of Ouyang Wenzhong's Collection of Official Documents.

Su Xun, a native of Meishan (Sichuan), was an essayist in the Northern Song Dynasty. The author of Jackie. The Six Kingdoms is selected from Cargill. Book of rights. The Bill of Rights includes ten articles, all of which are comments on politics and history. He and his sons, Su Shi and Su Zhe, are also called "Three Sus" and are among the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".

Sima Guang, whose name is Junshi, was born in Su (Si), Xia County, Shaanxi Province. He is known by the world as Mr. Xu Shui, a historian and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, and an official to prime minister. He died in August when he was in office, and pursued the history of Wen Guogong. Author of Sima Zheng Wen's official collection of documents. Politically conservative, against Wang Anshi's political reform. He has made immortal contributions in the academic field, and spent 19 years compiling Zi Tong Zhi Jian, the largest chronological general history in China, which, together with Historical Records, is known as "a double gem of history".

Wang Anshi, named Fu Jie, was born in the mid-levels, and was the official to the prime minister. Known as Gong Jingwang, posthumous title Wang Wengong. Linchuan (Jiangxi) people. Political reformer, thinker and writer in Northern Song Dynasty. His prose is vigorous and powerful, and he is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Shang Zhong Yong is an excerpt from Wang Wen's official document.

Shen Kuo, a native of Qiantang (Hangzhou), was a scientist and politician in the Northern Song Dynasty. His "Meng Qian Bi Tan" (26 volumes) is a comprehensive academic monograph with notes and the first scientific work in China.

Su Shi, Zi Zizhan, named Dongpo layman, was a writer and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. The official is the history of the Ministry of Rites and pursues Wenzhong. His writing style is clear and fluent, and he is listed as one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". His bold writing has a great influence on later generations. He is the author of Complete Works of Dongpo and Dongpo Yuefu.

Li Qingzhao, whose real name is Yi 'an, whose real name is Yi 'an Jushi, was born in Jinan, Shandong Province, a poetess in the Southern Song Dynasty and the first poetess in China. His words are good at using line drawing, creating a new way and using beautiful language. Dream as a Dream is selected from Yu Shu's Ci and Li Qingzhao's Ci collection.

Lu You, a native of Yuezhou, Yinshan (Shaoxing, Zhejiang), was a patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. There are more than 9,000 existing poems with rich contents, which mainly show his patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national unity. Poems such as Guan Shanyue, Book Wrath, Farmer's Sigh, Shower, and Masterpiece of November 4th have been handed down from generation to generation, while Confession of Love and Hairpin Phoenix are words with artistic characteristics, including Crossing a Small Lonely Mountain and a Big Lonely Mountain. He is the author of "Poems by Jian Nan" and "Selected Works of Weinan".

Xin Qiji, whose name is You 'an, was born in Licheng (Jinan, Shandong) and was a patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. His lyrics expressed his patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national unity and poured out his grief and indignation. Luxurious school represented by Su Shi. There is a collection of words Jia and Short Sentences.

Jiang Kui, named Yao Zhang, is a Taoist priest in Baishi. Poyang (Jiangxi) Southern Song Dynasty poet. Most of his poems are about landscapes and tourists, including poems by Taoist Baishi.

Wen Tianxiang, born in Wenshan, Luling, Song Rui, was a patriotic politician in the Southern Song Dynasty. Writer, author of Complete Works of Mr. Wenshan. Song Zhengqi, Guide, Qijiang Moon and Postscript of Guide are all handed down by later generations.

6. Works of writers in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties

Guan Hanqing, a Beijinger, is the greatest dramatist in China's drama history and the founder of Yuan Zaju. There are more than 60 kinds of zaju, of which there are 14 kinds today, among which Yuan, Saving the Wind and Dust, Wangjiangge and Single Knife Club are the most famous, and Guan Hanqing's Opera Collection. Dou E Yuan is one of the typical tragedies in the history of China opera.

Wang Shifu, a Beijinger, was a playwright in Yuan Dynasty. His five representative works "The West Chamber", 2 1 fold. With the theme of praising anti-feudal love, he praised Zhang Sheng and Yingying's struggle for freedom of marriage, and directed at feudal ethics and marriage system, with strong anti-feudal thoughts.

Ma Zhiyuan,No. Dongli, a Beijinger, was a dramatist and essayist in Yuan Dynasty. He created 15 kinds of zaju, including the zaju Autumn in the Han Palace and the Sanqu Jing Tian Sha? Qiu Si.

Shi Naian was a novelist in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. His masterpiece "The Water Margin", also known as "The Water Margin of Loyalty", is a long vernacular novel describing the revolutionary struggle of ancient peasants in China.

Luo Guanzhong, whose real name is Ben, is a novelist in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. According to legend, he was a student in Shi Naian and had been engaged in creation. Popular Romance 17, the masterpiece Romance of the Three Kingdoms, is a famous long historical chapter novel in ancient China, and the first chapter novel in the history of China literature. Booked 120 times.

Yu Qian, a native of Qiantang, Yan Yi, was a minister and patriotic general of the Ming Dynasty. Official to the Ministry of War, Book of Changes, Poet. There is Yu's Su Zhong Ji. Lyrics of Lime was written by the author 12 years old, and it was selected from Selected Poems and Songs of Ancient China.

Wu Cheng'en, a native of Yangshan, Jiangsu Province, was a novelist in the Ming Dynasty. When he was in his forties, his official position was only given up because he was ashamed to bend over. He was poor all his life and dissatisfied with the dark reality. The Journey to the West, China's first mythical novel in his later years, is not only a masterpiece of positive romanticism, but also the hope of saving the world and rectifying the times. Its artistry marks the new peak of China's romantic literature.

Gui Youguang, whose real name is Xifu, was born in Zhenchuan, Kunshan (Jiangsu) and later moved to Jiading, Shanghai. He was an essayist in the late Ming Dynasty and a scholar at the age of 60. He is an official of Taibu Temple in Nanjing. His prose is concise and clear, and he is good at narrative. He is the author of Collected Works of Mr. Zhenchuan. Ji Xiang Xuan Paper is selected from Selected Works of Zhenchuan.

Tang Xianzu, a native of Linchuan, Jiangxi, was a dramatist in the Ming Dynasty. He used to be a doctor in Taichang Temple in Nanjing, in charge of etiquette department. The Peony Pavilion (also known as Rebirth) is his masterpiece. Most of the plays oppose feudal ethics and pursue individual liberation.

Feng Menglong, whose word is Dragon, is the owner of Mohanzhai, a native of Changzhou (Jiangsu), and a writer of Ming Dynasty. He compiled a series of words. Yu's famous words (also known as ancient and modern novels), childlike eyes and xing Yan, collectively called "three words" and "fairy in the garden at night" came from xing Yan.

Hong Xu (Hongzu) was born in Jiangyin in the Ming Dynasty. He is a traveler, geographer and travel prose writer, and he is the author of Xu Xiake's Travels, which is a travel prose based on diary, and the first travel prose based on diary in China. The author described the magnificence of the mountains and rivers of the motherland and expressed his love for nature. Known as "the first tour in ancient and modern times", "Traveling to Huangshan" comes from this book. Huangshan Mountain in Anhui Province has four wonders: strange pines, strange rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs. )

Li Yu, Li Hong,no. Li Weng, born in Lanxi, Zhejiang Province, was a drama theorist and playwright in the Qing Dynasty. Fu Fu is an excerpt from Li Dai Weng Jia Hua? "Uebu" in Dai Li Weng's Doll Collection.

Pu Songling, born in Zichuan (Shandong) and Liu Quan, is known as Mr. Liaozhai. It took him decades to write the first collection of short stories in classical Chinese, Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio.

Fang Bao, whose real name is Gao Ling and whose real name is Wang Xi, is from Tongcheng, Anhui. Prose writer in Qing dynasty, right assistant minister of official etiquette department. He is the founder of Tongcheng School. Prose is mostly classics, prefaces and postscripts, letters and entertainment.

China's first satirical novel The Scholars, written by Wu, a novelist in Qing Dynasty, has 55 chapters.

Cao Xueqin, whose real name is Meng Ruan and whose real name is Qin Xue, was born in Feng Run, Hebei Province. He is a novelist in Qing Dynasty. It took him ten years to write The Story of the Stone (A Dream of Red Mansions, also known as Jinyuyuan). The book was unfinished and died of illness. The last forty chapters are continued by Gao E (è), the whole book 18.

Yuan Mei, a native of Qiantang (Hangzhou), Zhejiang Province, was a poet and essayist in Qing Dynasty, and once served as a magistrate of a county. After resigning, he built a garden at the foot of Xiaocang Mountain in Jiangning and lived in it. He became a layman in Cangshan. Mourning for my sister is selected from his Collection of Kokura Hills and is also the author of Poems with the Garden.

Yao Nai, whose name is Ji Chuan and whose name is Bao Xuan, is known as Mr. Bao, an essayist in Qing Dynasty. Tongcheng School in Anhui Province is another great school after He Kui. It is pointed out that the article should clarify the Confucian theory of ancient Chinese prose by means of "textual research" and "ci". "Climbing Mount Tai" is selected from Xi Baoxuan's Poems, among which "Watching the sun in the snow" is especially praised by later generations.

Gong Zizhen, a native of Renhe (Hangzhou), Zhejiang Province, was a thinker and writer in the Qing Dynasty. He was in charge of official ceremony, then resigned and returned to South China. He has profound attainments in Confucian classics, literature and historical geography. He is the main figure of "Modern Literature School" and one of the pioneers of modern reform movement. In the year of Jihai (the 19th year of Daoguang), on my way home, I wrote a 3 15 quatrain with the general title Jihai Zashi. Express feelings about state affairs and joys and sorrows of life experiences.

Liu E, pen name Tieyun, born in Hongdu Bailian, born in Jiangsu Dantu (Zhenjiang), was a novelist in the late Qing Dynasty, proficient in mathematics, medical skills and water conservancy. His Travels of Lao Can is one of China's four condemnation novels in the late Qing Dynasty.

Adventure witnessed in 20 years is one of the four condemnation novels in the late Qing Dynasty.

Li Sheng was born in Wujin, Jiangsu, a novelist in the late Qing Dynasty (modern times). His Officialdom in the Sky is one of the four condemnation novels in the late Qing Dynasty.

Ceng Pu, a native of Changshu, Jiangsu Province, is a modern novelist who can speak French. Evil Sea Flower is one of the four condemnation novels in the late Qing Dynasty.

Liang Qichao, whose real name is Zhuo Ru, is Ren Gong, the owner of the igloo, and a native of Xinhui, Guangdong. 1898 leaders, politicians and writers of the reform movement. On young chinese and Tan Sitong are both from The Ice Room Collection.