Read Chinese for 5000 years and 2500 words.

I was deeply impressed by many articles in the past five thousand years, including an old horse who knew the way, and the hero of the story was Qi Huangong Guanzhong.

The article "An old horse knows the way" mainly tells one thing: In 679 AD, Qi Huangong reached an agreement with a vassal. However, instead of attending, he told Zheng not to attend either. Qi Huangong was furious, and was discussing with Guan Zhong a crusade against Chu. I didn't expect the Yan state in the north to come here for help, saying that the mountain capacity in the north was coming and the people were dying. From then on, a big war began. With the concerted efforts of Qi Xin from several countries, we finally won the battle. The mountain allowed the people to fall together, and Huang Hua, the general of the solitary bamboo country, led him into the capital of the solitary bamboo country, cheated him into the valley, lost his troops and soldiers. There is a flat beach, just like the sea. You can't tell the southeast from the northwest at a glance. The soldiers were in a hurry and didn't know what to do. At this critical moment, Guan Zhong came up with a way to get everyone out of the valley. I was deeply impressed by this article because Guan Zhong was able to calm down and come up with a way for an old horse to find his way, which ordinary people can't and can't do. He is really a calm, witty and intelligent person, which makes me deeply admire him.

I admire Li Shimin most. Before he ascended the throne, he fought with his father, Tang Yuan, in the north, and repeatedly made meritorious military service. In addition, officials such as Wuji and Fang were promoted. After Emperor Taizong ascended the throne, he was very cautious in handling state affairs, encouraging officials at all levels to speak frankly and not to hide the truth for fear of offending the emperor. Emperor Taizong was not only good at coachable, but also good at employing people. He doesn't remember personal vendetta? Promoted Wei Zhi, who had opposed himself when working in the Prince's Mansion, and made him a doctor; He also promoted Ma Zhou, who came from humble origins, to be the secretariat and presided over the important government affairs of the court.

In history, there are too many people like me, but we should learn from the sages in history and Yan Zhenqing, who are not afraid of rape; Learn from Tao Yuanming, and don't bend over for the five buckets of rice: learn from Wei Zhi and speak out; Learn from Bao Zheng and be selfless; This is just learning from my fellow Taoists: learning from Jian Zhen is not afraid of hardship.

This book Five Thousand Years Up and Down records many things that happened in ancient times. After reading this book, I have gained a lot of knowledge, learned a lot of historical knowledge and learned a lot of truth. I deeply feel that the Chinese nation has a long history and splendid culture of thousands of years, which is really worth learning so that we can build our motherland when we grow up in the future.

-Penalty clause

My thoughts after writing this book are not about celebrities or historical changes, but about some ancient punishments.

The specific punishment was first promulgated when Zhuan Xu was in power among the Five Emperors, and it has been about 5,000 years. After the punishment began, the feudal society began, but the official position system has not been clear.

In the Xia dynasty, because of the polarization between the rich and the poor, crime followed. Dayu established various official positions, strengthened punishment, formulated taxes and established the first slavery dynasty. When the Xia Dynasty spread to the 19th-generation kings, there were two kinds of punishments: "dismembering five horses" and "branding". "Dismantling five horses", as its name implies, is to pull people into five horses. "Branding" means that people walk on a red-hot pipe and finally fall into the furnace below to be burned alive.

In the Qin dynasty, the "cooking punishment" was added: once someone dared to deceive the upper and lower, they were put in a big vat, filled with water and boiled to death.

In the Han Dynasty, Lv Hou cut off people's limbs, gouged out people's eyes, cut off people's noses and ears, gave people dumb medicine, and finally threw it into a pigsty. Dou Taihou also punished the Confucian scholars who were officials for beating wild boar with their bare hands, and nine times out of ten they went to die.

According to the laws of the Ming dynasty, one or two people who are greedy for money may be skinned and hung at the entrance of the yamen.

……

The punishment of each dynasty is different, but today, it is full of blood and cruelty. It seems that you should be a good citizen who always abides by the law.

Reflections on the Up and Down Five Thousand Years

-open the emperor's article

Today we will talk about the founding emperors of various dynasties.

First of all, let's talk about Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang. Speaking of Liu Bang, he was just a civilian, but he became a curator with the help of the county magistrate Xiao He. On one occasion, he was ordered to escort a group of prisoners to hard labor. On the way, Liu bang bravely released all the prisoners, and more than a dozen of them stayed with him. Suddenly, a white python appeared. He cut it in two with his sword and sacrificed to heaven for the uprising. After he entered the city, he made a pact with the people in three chapters: killing people for life, injuring people and committing crimes, and severely punishing theft. At this time, another army led by Xiang Yu drove to Hong Men next to Xianyang, invited him to dinner, and wanted to kill Liu Bang. With the help of Chen Ping and Fan Kuai, Liu Bang escaped. Finally, Xiang Yu ended his life in the predicament of being besieged on all sides. Liu bang proclaimed himself emperor.

Besides, Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, was familiar with the art of war since he was a child. In his middle age, he helped Yang Di retreat from the Turks with 2,000 soldiers and horses, which made him famous in the ruling and opposition circles. Later, his father, Li Yuan, rose up against the Sui Dynasty. Dozens of rebels surrounded Chang 'an at this time, and Emperor Yang Di was killed in the civil strife. At the same time, Tang gaozu's rebels first attacked the city and occupied the ancient capital Chang 'an. And Li Shimin. Wei Chijingde, Xu Shiqi (Li Shiqi), Qin Qiong, Luo Cheng, Chen Yaojin and other well-known stars have been soothed. After the reunification of the Central Plains, Li, his elder brother, and Li Yuanji, his younger brother, have been trying to harm him and his subordinates. Finally, Li Shimin, who had recovered from poisoning, couldn't bear it, and called all the soldiers to discuss the counter-attack. The next day, Li and Li Yuanji were stopped by him as soon as they entered the Xuanwu Gate. Li and Li Yuanji pulled a bow. However, before the arrow went out, Wei Chijingde and 70 elite fighters were killed. This is the "Xuanwu Gate Incident" that shocked the ruling and opposition parties. Later, under his own influence, Tang gaozu gave way to Li Shimin.

Song Taizong Zhao Kuangyin also said: He likes playing with swords and guns since he was a child. At the age of 23, he divined: Is it unlucky to be a soldier, a county magistrate, a satrap and a prime minister? At this time, Zhao Kuangyin, who was furious, made a final guess: Is it lucky to be an emperor? At this time, he was overjoyed and decided to take refuge in the very powerful rebel army in Guo Wei at that time and become a small leader. Soon, he was promoted to a general with superb martial arts. Later, the rebel army disbanded and he rebelled in Chen Qiao. In less than ten years, he unified the Central Plains.

Reflections on China's Five Thousand Years Up and Down (Part I)

The book Five Thousand Years Up and Down in China (Volume I) mainly tells the historical story from heaven and earth to the Southern and Northern Dynasties. It was written by teacher Ji Jianghong from Beijing Children's Publishing House. There are many striking historical stories in it, which are deeply loved by our whole family. My favorite stories are Pangu's creation of the world, Shang Zhouwang's murder, Tian Ji's horse race winning the King of Qi, Jing Ke's stabbing of the King of Qin, Qin Shihuang's burning of books to bury Confucianism, and Cai Lun's improvement.

In this 143 page book, what I read most in Favorite is that Shang Zhouwang killed Bigan and Shang Zhouwang was the last emperor of Shang Dynasty. He is very clever and only knows how to eat, drink and be merry. His uncle Beagan came to persuade him not to kill people casually, but to take charge of the country. I can't watch a funeral for my country! Shang Zhouwang ordered him to step down and he continued to speak. As a result, Shang Zhouwang was impatient and said, "I want to see if there are seven tricks in your heart!" He said that he asked the guards around him to go out and torture him. After a while, he only heard a scream. The guards sent Beagan's bloody heart to Zhou Wang. The ladies-in-waiting on both sides covered their eyes in fear, while Zhou Wang laughed there. The Shang Dynasty was also dying step by step. We should not enjoy ourselves like Shang Zhouwang, but be brave like Beagan, give advice like Zhou Wang and care about state affairs! !

My second favorite story is Taoyuan Sanjieyi. The story goes like this: At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a descendant of the Han Dynasty imperial clan in Zhuoxian. His surname is Liu Mingbei, and his word is Xuande. He grew up without a father and made a living by selling Ma Xie and weaving straw mats with his mother. He couldn't help sighing. Someone shouted: "You don't contribute to the country, why do you sigh?" When Liu Bei saw that this man was very powerful, he chatted with him, only to know that this man was surnamed Zhang and named Yide. Liu Bei and Zhang Fei went to the pub to drink and chat. A red-faced man entered the pub and said, "My name is Guan Mingyu, and the word is long!" " The three men came to Zhang Fei's Taoyuan after drinking and swore to be brothers of the opposite sex, vowing "to serve the country and live in peace, not to be born on the same day in the same year, not to die on the same day in the same year." The next day, they gathered 500 able-bodied men in the village and went to Zhuo Jun to join the army. After decades of hard struggle, the three of them finally established Shu, and the Qi Xin cooperation of Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei is worth learning from. !

My third favorite story is that Jing Ke stabbed the king of Qin. In 299 AD, Qin defeated Yan. The prince took out all his possessions to find a warrior who could assassinate the king of Qin, and found a man named Jing Ke. He said he wanted to borrow Fan Yu's head, but Fan Yu committed suicide. He ordered Fan Yu's head to be packed, Jing Ke was used as a dagger, put poison on the map, and set off with another warrior, Qin Wuyang. The king of Qin was very happy to hear about Fan Yu's head and map. He sent someone to meet them. Jing Ke and Qin Wuyang hold boxes with heads and maps, and let the king of Qin open them. As a result, a poisonous dagger was rolled in the map. Jing Ke stabbed the king of Qin with a dagger. The result is not allowed, and the sword of the king of Qin can't be drawn. At this time, someone asked the king of Qin to carry his sword on his back. The king of Qin drew his sword and cut off Jing Ke's left leg. Jing Ke threw the poisoned dagger at the post, and the soldiers beside him rushed up and hacked him to death. We should learn from Jing Ke's spirit of sacrifice.

I think the most important thing of this book is to make readers really feel like they are there, very, very vivid. I suggest you buy this book. To sum up, we should be like Liu Bei and others, and Qi Xin should work together in Qixin, instead of being smart like Shang Zhouwang. Everyone must remember that I will write a review when I finish reading the next volume! ! !

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Reflections on China's Five Thousand Years Up and Down (Volume II)

Last time I saw the historical story of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, this time it was the historical story from Sui Dynasty to Qing Dynasty. This book was written by Ji Jianghong, with stories I know, including the burning of Yuanmingyuan, Empress Dowager Cixi, the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, and Kang Youwei's political reform ... and my favorite stories: Wu Zetian, Yang Guifei's dead horse, the one-eyed stone man and Li Shizhen.

In my book 136, my favorite book is the burning of Yuanmingyuan: After the First Opium War, Britain and France wanted to expand their interests and explore opportunities in China. In A.D. 1856, Britain created the "Yarrow Incident" and took this opportunity to launch the Second Opium War, in which France also participated. The two countries jointly fought against economically poor China. On February 28th, A.D. 1857, Britain and France bombed and captured Guangzhou. Then they invaded Dagukou, Tianjin, and all the fortresses were lost. After the government signed the Tianjin Treaty with the invaders, the British and French allied forces withdrew from Tianjin. The next year, Britain found an excuse to wage war. 1860 In August, Britain and France occupied Dagukou Fort and Tianjin, further approaching Beijing. Frightened, Emperor Xianfeng fled to Jehol with his relatives and friends, and ordered Prince Gong to stay in Beijing. After January, the allied forces killed them in Beijing on 1860 10, and they entered the Yuanmingyuan. They were stunned by the huge treasure house in front of them. They frantically stuffed the treasure into their pockets and burned it with torches. This story tells us that Yuanmingyuan is only in ruins.

What I like better is the story of the Sino-Japanese naval battle in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895. Since the Meiji Restoration in 1868, Japan has embarked on the expansion of Zhang Zhilu, eyeing up China. 1894, Japan invaded Korea. At the beginning of September, the war was about to burn into China, and Li Hongzhang had to send more reinforcements to North Korea. 17, reinforcements were successfully dispatched. Ding was about to return when the Yellow Sea entered the Yalu River mouth and was attacked by the Japanese. The two sides launched a fierce struggle. Ding ordered two armored ships, Dingyuan and Zhenyuan, to be centered in a "human" shape, while four Japanese warships overtook Dingyuan and Zhenyuan in lightning speed and directly attacked two right-wing ships, Chaoyong and Yangwei. In the afternoon, four Japanese warships suddenly approached Dingyuan in an attempt to sink them with torpedoes. Deng Shichang, captain of Zhiyuan Ship, ordered to fight before Dingyuan. Zhiyuan was injured many times and the ammunition was quickly used up. In a rage, Deng Shichang hit Yoshino at full speed, but was hit by Yoshino's fish. In the second and final war of annihilation, the government quickly signed the treaty of shimonoseki. The heroic sacrifice of Deng Shichang and more than 200 soldiers is worth learning.

All right! I've finished most of my love stories. Take a look. What knowledge do you have? I suggest you buy it. In fact, I also learned a lot of historical and cultural knowledge! !