Official-oriented classical Chinese

1. What are the words in classical Chinese that indicate official transfer?

The first is the expression of "granting an official, being an official"

1. development: recruited by the central government office, then recommended and appointed as an official position.

2. Except: appointment and award (generally referring to dismissal of old post and award of new post).

Such as (1) Shimi's "Chen Qingbiao": seeking national favor, excluding princes and horses.

3. Inspection: recommendation and election after inspection.

4. Recommendation: The local authorities recommend people with good conduct to the central authorities for official positions.

5. Example: Local authorities recommend people with good conduct to the Central Committee for official positions.

Selected works? Chen Qingbiao: After leaving the Secretariat, I was awarded the honor of a scholar.

6. Grant: Grant an official position.

7. Selection: Appoint official positions through recommendation or imperial examination.

8. from: re-enabled, any official position.

9. Reply: Restore the original post. For example, Shun Di at the beginning, and then back to Taishiling.

10. Conscription: Celebrities are recruited by the imperial court to fill official positions. Recruit, especially ministers.

1 1. Official. Like the Analects of Confucius? Zhang Zi: If you study well, you will be an official.

12. Official: Official. For example, Peacock Flying Southeast: You are a big family and an official in Taige.

13. Shi Jin: Official.

14. Ren: Responsible.

Two, the words "transfer, fill" in the table.

1. change: change an official position.

2. Transfer, migration and transfer: transfer to an official position (in a specific context, it can refer to promotion or demotion).

3. Transfer: transfer and transfer. In general, "turn" and "turn" mean transfer; "Move to the right" and "move away" mean promotion; "Move to the left" and "move away" mean demotion.

4. Relocation: it means multiple transfers.

5. Release: Beijing officials are transferred to local officials.

6. Out: Beijing officials released it to the outside world, which is similar to the meaning of "release".

7. fill: fill the vacant office.

8. Yin Bu: Being an official by the performance of ancestors.

Three, the words "promotion and seal" in the table.

1. worship: to grant (appoint) an official position according to certain etiquette, which is generally used to promote senior officials.

Such as (1) reflection? Shu Shu? Zhuge Liang Chuan: Worship Liang as Cheng Xiang.

2. Promotion: promotion to a formal position, status or level. For example, the idiom "promoting to a higher position and making a fortune".

3. Add: seal, that is, add some honorary titles to the original official titles, and generally enjoy some privileges.

4. leapfrog promotion.

5. promotion from the original official position.

6. Beyond: exceptional promotion.

7. me: promotion. For example, Zhuge Liang's "Teacher's Watch": it is not appropriate to punish and deny.

8. Promotion: Promotion.

9. Pull out: promote people without official positions.

For example, Selected Works? Chen Qingbiao: If you are over-promoted, you will be spoiled.

10. Mention: promotion.

Four, the table "demoted officials, officials".

1. Demotion: ① Demotion, demotion. (2) Demotion and release.

2. Psychic: exile and demotion.

3. Release: Generally speaking, it refers to the change from Beijing official to local official.

Demotion: In feudal times, senior officials were demoted and transferred to remote places to be officials. For example, Fan Zhongyan's Yueyang Tower: Tengzhen defends Baling County.

5. Move to the left: demote an official, especially an official.

6. Zuo Shi turns left: demotion.

7. Going out: transshipping from Beijing generally refers to demoting an official (as opposed to "entering", the ancients were generally proud of being an official in Beijing), and sometimes refers to a flat tone.

8. Going out to slaughter: Beijing officials were released as local officials.

9. embarrassment: abolish official positions.

Such as Sima Qian's Biography of Qu Yuan: Qu Ping is short.

10. Exemption: recall from the office.

1 1. Take: cut off, recall.

5. Words expressing "resignation".

1. Retirement: Officials resign when they are old.

2. Dismissed from office: Resign from office.

3. Please be old: Ancient officials asked for retirement.

4. Begging for the body: In ancient times, it was thought that officials were committed to serving the monarch, so they called resignation "begging for the body".

5. Begging for bones: Ancient officials asked to resign, meaning to bury bones in their hometown.

6. illness transfer: a euphemism for an official's request for resignation.

7. Be grateful for illness: call in sick, retire or refuse guests.

8. Zhishi: Returning to the official position is retirement.

2. What are the words in classical Chinese that indicate official transfer? The word 1. 1 means "conferring an official position and serving as an official", which was recruited by the central official department and then recommended for appointment as an official position.

For example, ① Book An Biography: The first time I opened Stuart House, I worked as an assistant. (2) Biography of Xin Qiji and History of Song Dynasty: The Senate of Jiangdong appeasement department was established, and Ye Hengya stayed behind.

2. Except: appointment and award (generally referring to dismissal of old post and award of new post). Such as (1) Shimi's "Chen Qingbiao": seeking national favor, excluding princes and horses.

(2) Wen Tianxiang's Introduction to the South: In addition to the right prime minister, there are Tang envoys. (3) Biography of Southern History Yuyuan Garden: In addition to being too sincere, Shangshu's ancestral department was Lang, and he rode directly on the assistant minister.

3. Inspection: recommendation and election after inspection. For example, Biography of the Three Kingdoms and the Master of Wu: the county regards filial piety and the state raises talents.

4. Recommendation: The local authorities recommend people with good conduct to the central authorities for official positions. ① Biography of Hou Kechuan: Chang 'an, Hanqi Town, recommended Jingyang County.

(2) History of Emperor Ji of Han Ping: those who have hidden evil but have not committed it. 3 Tan Sitong: Gong was recommended by Xu Gong, a bachelor, and was recruited.

5. Example: Local authorities recommend people with good conduct to the Central Committee for official positions. For example, "Thirty Years of Zuo Zhuan Xuan": Pay without losing virtue, and return without losing labor.

(2) Selected Works of Chen Qingbiao: The late secretariat minister addressed him as a scholar. (3) Ye Fan's "The History of the Later Han Dynasty Zhang Hengchuan": In Yongyuan, filial piety was not well cultivated, and even the government was not established.

4 Zuo Zhuan? Three years of "xianggong": not for the party. 6. Grant: Grant an official position.

For example, ① Biography of Hanshu Zhaifang: The messenger holds the golden seal, congratulates Zhu Lunche, and the army worships him. ② Biography of Xin Qiji and History of Song Dynasty: Called by the Kingdom of Ghana, he was appointed as the secretary of Goro and Tian Ping Jiedu.

7. Selection: Appoint official positions through recommendation or imperial examination. For example, "Historical Records Biography of General Li": Li Ling is strong and strong, so he was selected as the supervisor to build a chapter and supervise the riders.

8. from: re-enabled, any official position. For example: ① Biography of Yuan: Lu Ju's funeral was a great hospital.

(2) Warring States Policy: Proceed from the country. 9. Reply: Restore the original post.

For example, Shun Di at the beginning, and then back to Taishiling. Zhang Hengchuan is in Houhan 10. Logo: The imperial court recruited celebrities to serve as official posts.

Recruit, especially ministers. For example: ① Biography of Wang Huan in the Later Han Dynasty: After I was 20 years old, I was asked to give alms.

(2) Ye Fan's "Later Han Zhang Hengchuan": Andy heard the art of Hengshan, and the bus worshipped the doctor's sign. 3 Liang Qichao's Biography of Tan Sitong: Jun was recommended by the bachelor Xu Gong and was recruited.

1 1. Official. For example, "The Analects of Confucius Zhang Zi": Learning to be excellent is an official.

12. Official: Official. For example, Peacock Flying Southeast: You are a big family and an official in Taige.

13. Shi Jin: Official. Such as "Xu Jin Mai Chuan": Mai Shao is quiet and does not envy history.

14. Ren: Responsible. For example, Historical Records? Meng Tian Biography: Tian is a foreign affairs officer, while Yi is often an internal affairs counselor.

Two, the words "transfer, fill" in the table. 1. change: change an official position.

For example, The Biography of Fan Zhongyan in the Song Dynasty: (Fan Zhongyan) changed the collection of Jun Qing's festival promotion, and later changed his surname. 2. Transfer, migration and transfer: transfer to an official position (in a specific context, it can refer to promotion or demotion).

For example, ① Biography of Historical Records of Yuan Ang and Chao Cuo: transferred to a captain in Longxi. (2) Biography of Historical Records of Huaiyin Hou: The King of Qi was transferred to the King of Chu.

(3) Ye Fan's "Zhang Hengchuan in the Later Han Dynasty": If you don't envy the present, your official residence will not move. ④ Biography of Historical Records: moved to Taiyuan, Han Wangxin.

⑤ Biography of Xu Wenbao in Sui Dynasty: Wenbao's position was fair, and his performance appraisal was even the best, so he switched to Dali. ⑥ History of Song Dynasty: Cheng Dayuan, Li and the following 6 13 soldiers were transferred to official positions.

⑦ "Zhang Hengchuan": Turn again and return to Taishiling. 3. Transfer: transfer and transfer.

In general, "turn" and "turn" mean transfer; "Move to the right" and "move away" mean promotion; "Move to the left" and "move away" mean demotion. For example, in Ye Fan's "Zhang Hengchuan in the Later Han Dynasty", the bus worships the doctor and then moves to Taishiling.

Another example is not Shu, but Lu Lan. "Historical Records Taishi Gongxu" 4. Relocation: refers to multiple transfers.

For example, Ye Fan's Biography of Zhao Zi in the later Han Dynasty: Relocating to Dunhuang. 5. Release: Beijing officials are transferred to local officials.

For example, Tan Sitong of Liang Qichao: Hu immediately released the magistrate of Ningxia. 6. Out: Beijing officials released it to the outside world, which is similar to the meaning of "release".

For example, Ye Fan's "Zhang Hengchuan in the Later Han Dynasty": At the beginning of Yonghe, it was a river phase. 7. fill: fill the vacant office.

For example, (1) Biography of Han Xiao Wang Zhi: The history of the death of the satrap was moved, and virtuous people were promoted to senior officers. (2) The Biography of Wang Zhi in Han Xiao: Choose a good doctor, persuade the doctor to take charge of the government, and make up the county to make it a plain satrap.

(3) The Biography of Hanshu Wang Zun: The satrap inspected Wang Zunlian and supplemented the salt officials in western Liaoning. 8. Yin Bu: Being an official by the performance of ancestors.

Such as (1) "New Tang Book? Biography of Li Deyu: Buyin Senior. 2 "Preface to Mei Poetry": Give it to Mei friends, make up for the official's lack of shadow, and give it to scholars.

Three, the words "promotion and seal" in the table. 1. worship: to grant (appoint) an official position according to certain etiquette, which is generally used to promote senior officials.

For example, ① Biography of the Three Kingdoms Shu Shu Zhuge Liang: Bai Liang is the Prime Minister. ② Biographies of Historical Records, Lian Po and Lin Xiangru: They made great contributions to each other and worshipped them as their predecessors.

(3) Biography of Historical Records in Huaiyin: To worship the general, it was Han Xin, and all the troops were surprised. (4) "Introduction to the South": Therefore, the words are printed without worship.

2. Promotion: promotion to a formal position, status or level. For example, the idiom "promoting to a higher position and making a fortune".

3. Add: seal, that is, add some honorary titles to the original official titles, and generally enjoy some privileges. For example, The Biography of Xin Qiji in the Song Dynasty: Lai Ligong, a Pingju thief, added a secret cabinet to compile it.

4. leapfrog promotion. For example, ① Historical Records Biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng: Emperor Xiaowen said that he was extremely moved.

A one-year-old doctor. (2) Historical Records Biography of Zhang Shizhi and Biography of Feng Tang: Your Majesty's argument with her husband has gone beyond the limit, fearing the decadence of the world, and the argument is unsubstantiated.

5. promotion from the original official position. For example, ① Biography of Southern History and Heyuan: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty heard that he was capable and was named the satrap of Xuancheng.

(2) The Warring States Policy Yance: The first king raised his hand and stood above the ministers among the guests. 6. Beyond: exceptional promotion.

For example, Liang Qichao's Tan Sitong: playing a symmetrical theme, surpassing Zhang Jing, a military aircraft with four titles. 7. me: promotion.

For example, Zhuge Liang's "Teacher's Watch": it is not appropriate to punish and deny. 8. Promotion: Promotion.

Such as Liang Qichao's Tan Sitong: Xuansheng Ningxia Road. 9. Pull out: promote people without official positions.

Such as (1) Biography of Han Zhao Chongguo: Choose him as the post-general. (2) Selected Works of Chen Qingbiao: To be promoted is to be pampered.

10. Mention: promotion. Like "History of the North"? Wei Shouchuan: Junior, if you win the prize, you should act in name first.

3. Solve the words or summaries of words in classical Chinese that indicate official promotion, and try to be complete.

Lao Tang 323131335323635438+0343130323136353359e7ad9431333330343835 Liu Yuxi biography: "Deprivation. 2. Chen: Being punished, exiled and demoted is equivalent to demotion.

Fan Zhongyan's Yueyang Tower: "Tengshou Baling County." 3. Migration: transfer, change of official position, mostly referring to general transfer.

"Zhang Hengchuan in the Later Han Dynasty": "The official who lives in the house will not move for several years." Note In the sense of transfer, "moving" means promotion, and "moving left" means demotion.

"Migration" refers to general transfer. In Historical Records and Hanshu, the difference between these two words is particularly obvious.

4. Know: Moderator. "Zuo Zhuan Xiang Gong Twenty-six Years": "A son must know politics."

5. Sentence: a high-ranking or local official. "History of Han Dynasty, History of Song Dynasty, Biography of Qi": "In addition to the true Sect, our emissary, as well as Situ, also served as a middle school and was sentenced to Xiangzhou. "

6. Ren: Responsible. Biography of Historical Records of Meng Tian: "Ren Tian is a foreign affairs officer and Yi Chang is a mole."

7. Grant: Grant, here you are. The legend of Zhaifang in the Han Dynasty: "Make the gold seal ... Zhu Lunche, that is, the army worships it."

8. Bi: Conscription. Biography of Xie Jin: "In addition to assisting in writing, I also want to build Situ House."

9. recommendation: recommendation. Mostly used for cloth and officials.

Shi Mi's Chen Qingbiao: "After the courtiers, after the scholars." 10. Transfer: official transfer, including promotion, demotion and lateral transfer.

The usage is more complicated. In order to make it easier to distinguish, people often add a word before or after the word "move". Promotion is called transfer, transfer, transfer, demotion is called transfer, transfer, transfer. Lateral transfer is called transfer, transfer, and transfer after leaving the company is called transfer. There are three common situations.

First, promotion, "Historical Records Biography of Jia Yi": "Emperor Xiaowen said that he moved to a doctor at the age of one." The second is changing posts, which is equivalent to transferring the official position of the original rank. "Zhang Hengchuan in the Later Han Dynasty": "Worship the doctor and then move to Taishiling."

The rank of the new official is the same as that of the old official. The third is demotion.

That is, "move to the left." Bai Juyi pipa line: "Yuanhe ten years, moved to Sima, Jiujiang County."

That is, he was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima. 1 1. Except: about, about.

Shi Mi's Chen Qingbiao: "Wash the horse and remove the minister." Demotion and appointment are called "Zuo Si"

"New Tang Book Wang Xuema Wei": "Sit by mistake, divide left: secretariat of the same state." 12. Mention: promotion.

"Northern History Wei Shouchuan": "The younger generation takes the name first." (Name Bank: Mingde) 13. Sit down: because of a crime or mistake.

"Hanshu": "The princes were caught in the evil deeds of the king, and they were all punished. More than 200 people died. " 14. Zhu: Pointed out that Beijing was appointed.

Zhang Hengchuan: "At the beginning of Yonghe, it was a river phase." 15. worship: conferring an official position means that the emperor confers an official position on his subordinates.

Historical Records Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru: "Take the other side as a great contribution and worship as a master." 16. Selection and promotion.

Shi Mi's Chen Qingbiao: "If you are promoted, you will be blessed." 17. Transcendence: leapfrog promotion.

Liang Qichao's Tan Sitong: "The emperor surpassed the military aircraft Zhang Jing and participated in the New Deal with Yang Rui, Xu Lin and Liu Guangdi." 18. Hu: Abolishing officials and exempting officials.

Biography of Qu Yuan in Historical Records: "Qu Yuan is a traitor, and the later Qin Dynasty wants to cut Qi, and Qi and Chu are close relatives." "Shame" and "relegation" have the same meaning, but there are differences. Shame comes from imperial edict, and sometimes it is the punishment of subordinates by superiors.

19. Stop: dismissal and recall. Han Yu's "Sacrifice to Twelve Lang Wen": "I will stop again, and you will not come again."

20. Go: Leave your post. "Zhang Hengchuan in the Later Han Dynasty": "Leaving one's post is history, and returning in five years."

2 1. Ask for a bone: ask for resignation and retirement when you are old. "Zhang Hengchuan in the Later Han Dynasty": "In three years, I wrote to beg for bones and worship the ministers."

22. Reward: refers to the special decree of the emperor, granting official positions, official titles or titles. Liang Qichao's Tan Sitong: "On the first day of August, Yuan Shikai was called to the audience to admire the assistant minister."

23.φ: Promotion refers to the promotion and appointment of officials. Zhuge Liang's "Model": "In the palace, everything is one, and it is not appropriate to be the same."

"Yu" is often used with "Yu" to indicate the advance and retreat of talents. The demotion is called "Yu" and the promotion is called "Yu". Han Yu's preface to sending Li to Pangu: "I don't know, I don't know."

24. release: ① relegation to exile. Biography of Qu Yuan in Historical Records: "I am alone in the world, and everyone is drunk and I am alone, so I see it."

(2) also refers to the kyou-kan transferred to other places. Liang Qichao's Tan Sitong: "If the magistrate of Ningxia is released, it will be promoted to Ningxia Road."

25. Reply: Restore the official position. Gao Qi's "Shubo Chicken": "To restore the official, but hide the messenger."

26. Zhishi: Resign and return to China. "Biography of the Ram Announcing the Year of the AD": "The ancient road does not follow the people's heart, but retreats to be an official."

27. Restore: Restore the original post. "Old Tang Book Wang Congchuan": "Twenty-two years, the son of heaven was restored, and he was also a state secretariat."

28. Introduction: Introduction, generally used for adding in higher positions. "New Tang Book": "If you are a gentleman, you will be less protected."

29. Seal: The emperor gave people titles, lands, titles, etc. Su Xun's Six Kingdoms: "Seal the world's counselors with the land of Qin."

30. Solution: Non-gross negligence dismissal. 3 1. Exemption: dismissal, recall.

History of the Han Dynasty: "So I was removed from my post as Prime Minister and sent to the country." 32. seize: recall the official position.

Gao Qi's "Shubo Chicken": "The emissary was arrested and helped to seize his official." 33. Vacancy: Being ordered or voluntarily dismissed from his post.

Li Hongzhang's Letter to My Brother Li Han: "Today, China and North Korea rely on their relatives to rejuvenate and prosper, and my brother urges them to do so. We will apply for a job vacancy in April. " There are also: "fill the official name with shade", that is, "fill the vacancy with ancestral performance+official name"; Supplement: the alternate officially took office; Hey: dismissed for investigation; The quantity has been shifted, and the adjustment is slightly better than the original position; Collar: go down with this official; Power: temporary post; Figure: temporarily holding a position higher than this official; Line: Acting for a certain position, without this official title; Guarding: Former officials leave their posts for a short time, temporarily guarding letters and seals.

4. In ancient Chinese, the words expressing the rise and fall of official positions are divided into: to respect official positions.

Worship: conferring official positions; Dating.

Refers to the promotion and use of officials. "Model": "No matter whether it is the same or not, it is not appropriate to punish it."

"Promote by Selection".

Reward: a special decree issued by the emperor to give an official an official position or title.

Tip: change officials. There are three situations: one is lateral transfer, the other is promotion and the third is demotion. In ancient times, words were often added before and after relocation to show the difference. For example, "moving in", "moving out" and "moving in" all mean promotion; "Move", "move" and "move" means transfer; "Move away", "move away" and "move left" often refer to demotion.

Demotion: To be demoted or exiled, usually for committing a crime.

Release: exile.

Derogate, abolish or demote an official.

I: That is, the "post" can be an official at home, or a Beijing official can replace a local official.

Migration, transfer: general transfer.

Expropriation: recruiting wise men to be officials.

5. Words used in ancient Chinese to express the rise and fall of official positions. What words can express the change of an official's position? That is, to worship an official position. Worship: conferring official positions; Dating. Refers to the promotion and use of officials. The teacher's list: "It is not appropriate to punish the same." Zhuo: Selection and promotion. Reward: a special decree issued by the emperor to give an official an official position or title. Tip: change officials. There are three situations: one. "Move", "move" and "move" means transfer; "Move", "move" and "move to the left" often refer to demotion. "Demotion" often refers to being demoted or exiled for committing a crime. "Release" means exile. "Abolishment" means demotion, abolition and demotion. "Occupy" means being an official from home or being transferred to a place by Beijing officials.

6. Help me find some words about the change of "official position" and the name of "official position" in classical Chinese. The first period was Xia and Shang Dynasties, which lasted about 1000 years. The monarch is called "Hou" and "Wang", and the main officials are called "Shi" and "Wu". In the late Shang dynasty, the elders in the royal family who were responsible for assisting the king, such as Bi Gan, called themselves "father teachers" and "". Servants who manage housework are called "ministers", "butchers" and "Yin".

The second period, from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period, lasted about six or seven hundred years. The monarch is called "the son of heaven" and "the king of heaven". Heirs to the throne are called "Prince" and "East Palace". Wang's wife's name is Hou. ("Poem _ Xiao Ya _ Beishan" says: Under Pu (Pu) heaven, it is the land of kings, and the land of command. Is it Wang Zhichen? ") vassal fiefs are called countries, doctors fiefs are called cities, the royal family is the central * * *, and countries and cities are local * * *. In addition to the king, the three fairs (Taishi, Taifu and Taibao) have the highest positions and can act as the king's deputy when the king is young or absent. The government departments headed by Qing history manage military, administrative, judicial and foreign affairs, while the cultural and educational departments headed by Taishi manage gods, religions, secretaries and calendars, which are also called "Qing Dynasty History Liao" and "Taishi Liao" in bronze inscriptions. Under the bluestone, there are Dr. Situ, Dr. Sima and Dr. Sikong. Si Tuleideng is in charge of land and servants, Sima is in charge of military taxes and chariots and horses, and Sikong is in charge of major projects such as building cities and roads. Under Taishi, there are literature and history, imperial history, too servant, Zongbo, musicians and so on. Literature and history are responsible for planning the affairs of Dr. Qing, Imperial History is responsible for archives, Taibu is responsible for divination, Zongbo is responsible for etiquette, and musicians are responsible for music and education. The temporary tutor is called Xiang, the one in charge of royal affairs is called Zi or Tai Zi, the one in charge of the imperial army and teaching martial arts is called Shi, the imperial army is called Bian, and Wang's near minister is called. Local * * * settings are similar to those of the central government * * *, but the ruling Qing Dynasty was hand-picked by the Zhou Emperor, and they were hit from generation to generation. They can only be called Qing or Zheng Qing or Zheng Qing, but not Qing's.

The third period began in the Warring States period and lasted for more than 2300 years. The characteristics of this period are as follows: ① the status of monarch was greatly improved and the power was highly concentrated; (2) In the state institutions, the history of witchcraft and imperial clan aristocrats do not occupy an important position, while the servants and attendants of the monarch rise to the main position; (3) The ruling area is getting wider and wider, the organization is getting bigger and bigger, and the division of responsibilities is getting more and more detailed and complicated.

Official names from big to small

noble

Prime Minister (ancient China)

surname

Taifu

Shao Bao

minister

bachelor

supernatant

senior general

Assistant Administrator of China

State Councilor

Zhang Jing military aircraft

surname

stone

Left picture

The highest government official in charge of military affairs (in feudal China)

Shang doctor

doctor

Scholar-bureaucrat (in feudal China)

Court historian

Changshi

Vice chairman of one of the six boards.

Shi zhong

Doctor of Chinese herbal medicine

join the army

Lingyin

Ancient official title

surname

Tong Qing

surname

Military Commissioner

Economic envoy

The governor of a province or region.

senior officer

Military commander

Inspector (Ming Dynasty)

Fu jun

captain

Chief military instructor

Raise jurisdiction

employ oneself in/engage in

Prefect (formerly)

head of a county

Li Zheng

Richu

Three provinces and six departments

7. Seeking the official name 1 is common in classical Chinese.

The Warring States called the county chief, and the Han Dynasty changed it to the satrap, and he was the chief of a county. There are 36 counties in Qin Fen that are bigger than counties.

Equivalent to the mayor of the current provincial capital city. 2. history

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty divided the whole country into thirteen states, and the secretariat was in charge of the military and political power of one state. It is equivalent to the governor of the province (city) and the commander of the province (city) army (district).

3. yin Chief executive of gyeonggi, western han dynasty.

Equivalent to the mayor of Beijing. 4. Qiu.

Qin and Han dynasties set it as the first of the country's military and political affairs. Equivalent to the Secretary of Defense.

5. The more you ride the captain. It was set up by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty when he banned the army, sir.

Equivalent to the garrison commander. 6. Ding Wei.

A minister in charge of law and presiding over important cases. Equivalent to the President of the Supreme Court.

7. History Department Shangshu. In charge of the assessment, rewards and punishments of civil and military officials throughout the country.

Equivalent to the Minister of Personnel. 8. Dr. Guanglu.

The emperor's adviser. It is equivalent to the Standing Committee of the Central Advisory Committee.

9. Book order. Responsible for issuing the orders of the emperor.

Equivalent to the "two offices" secretary-general. 10, Shangshuling.

Participating in major policies and comprehensively managing government affairs is the first of 100 officials. Quite prime minister.

1 1, ride the general. Respect for status has increased the number of ministers.

Equivalent to a marshal. 12, marching manager.

The general who led the army to war. Equivalent to the commander-in-chief of the front line.

13, the suggestion of Duchayuan. The highest supervisory institution in ancient times.

Equivalent to the Minister of Supervision. 14, magistrate.

The local governor is responsible for state and county affairs. It is equivalent to the governor (or provincial mayor).

As we all know, 15. The local chief executive.

Equivalent to the mayor of a provincial capital city. 16, magistrate of a county.

The local chief executive. Equivalent to the county magistrate.

17, through sentences. Government representatives.

Equivalent to vice governor (or vice mayor of a provincial city). 18, military command.

Big officials in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Equivalent to the director of the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau.

19, push the official. The name of execution is the reality of praise.

Equivalent to the director of the policy department of the Supreme Court. 20, everything.

Hand-held cash register moves text. The Ministry of National Defense, the Ministry of Supervision and other ministries have internal directors.

2 1, give something. The emperor forbade the guards.

Equivalent to the life or political secretary of the Fuehrer. 22.experience

Head of institutions affiliated to ministries and commissions. Equivalent to the heads of secondary institutions of ministries and commissions.

23. pedestrians For scheduling.

Equivalent to the staff of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 24. Dian Bao.

Xie Sibao holds the jade seal. Equivalent to two metre cadres in charge of the seal.

25. xian cheng. Assist the county magistrate to govern a county.

Equivalent to the deputy county magistrate. 26, the main thin.

Manage money, grain and household registration. Equivalent to the director of food or the director of household registration.

27. calibration Acting official position.

Secretary level. 28. professor

The government supervises and inspects students. Equivalent to the director of the provincial education department.

29. Teaching. County palm teaching.

Director of county education. 30.discipline

Assist academic officials at the same level to educate students. Equivalent to the deputy director of the Education Department.

3 1, tax ambassador. Zhang county taxation office.

Equivalent to the tax Commissioner. 32. Official orders.

State officials are responsible for prisons and official affairs. * * * place class cadres.

33. Ordinary towns. A senior military attache guarding the local area.

Equivalent to the commander of the military region. Participants.

Guard the local commanders and soldiers, and guard each road separately. Commanders of the major military regions.

35. guerrillas. Under the leadership of the generals, he led troops to defend.

A divisional officer in charge of defense. 36. Dusit.

Under a guerrilla, he is responsible for flood control and military affairs. Youth League cadres in charge of flood control.

37. Tongzhou Assistant officials of the country.

Equivalent to the deputy mayor. 38. check.

An official in charge of local security. Deputy director of county public security bureau, in charge of public security work.

39. Assistant Minister. An official who waits on the emperor.

An official of the Central Security Bureau (a friend suggested equivalent to the current deputy minister). 40. Bookkeeper.

Responsible for official records and library affairs. Librarian.