Who are the top ten literary saints in ancient China?

Kong, born in Qufu, Shandong Province, is a famous thinker and educator in China. Confucius initiated the atmosphere of private lectures and was the founder of Confucianism. He was educated by Laozi and then traveled around the world for fourteen years. In his later years, he revised the Six Classics. According to legend, he has 3,000 disciples, including 72 sages.

Confucius, known as the "Saint of Heaven", was the most learned man at that time, and was respected by later generations as Confucius' saint, the most holy teacher, the most holy teacher, the teacher of kings and the teacher of all ages. His Confucianism has a far-reaching influence on China and the world.

2. Sheng Yuan-Duke Zhou

Ji Mingdan, the fourth son of Ji Chang, King of Zhou Wen, helped Zhou Wuwang to crusade against Zhou Wang twice and made rites and music. He was an outstanding politician, strategist, thinker and educator in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and was honored as a "sage of Yuan Dynasty" and a pioneer of Confucianism. Jia Yi commented on Duke Zhou as follows: Before Confucius and after the Yellow Emperor, Duke Zhou was the only person with close ties in China.

3. Wine Saint-Du Kang

Du Kang, the monarch of Xia Dynasty, also known as Shao Kang, was born in Luoyang today. Because of Du Kangshan's wine-making, later generations regarded Du Kang as Dionysus, and the wine-making industry regarded Du Kang as the ancestor. It is the "ancestor of brewing" in ancient legends of China. Later generations are honored as "wine saints" and "wine ancestors".

4. Medical sage-Zhang Zhongjing

Zhang Zhongjing was born in Nieyang County, Nanyang, Eastern Han Dynasty. He was a famous doctor in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. He extensively collected medical prescriptions and wrote the famous book Treatise on Febrile Diseases. He made great contributions to the study of prescriptions and was highly praised by doctors of all dynasties. The principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment he founded is the basic principle of TCM clinic and the soul of TCM. He was honored as a "medical saint" by later generations.

5. Poet Saint Du Fu

Du Fu, with beautiful words, was originally from Xiangyang and later moved to Gongxian County, Henan Province. A great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, who claimed to be a young man at night, was called "Du Li" together with Li Bai. Du Fu had a profound influence on China's classical poetry, and was called "Poet Saint" by later generations.

6, the book saint-Wang Xizhi

Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, is known as "the best running script in the world" for his masterpiece Preface to Lanting. His calligraphy is good at calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy. The style is peaceful and natural, the brushwork is euphemistic and subtle, beautiful and refined, and it is known as the "book saint".

7. Painting Saint-Wu Daozi

Wu Daozi, also known as Daoxuan, was a famous painter in the Tang Dynasty. He studied calligraphy from Zhang Xu and He, watched sword dancing and learned to use a pen. He is good at Buddhism, ghosts and gods, figures, landscapes, animals, plants, pavilions and so on. , especially good at Buddhism and figures, and good at mural creation. The history of painting is called "painting sage".

8. Cha Sheng-Lu Yu

Lu Yu, the word hung-chien, was born in Jingling, Fuzhou. His road names were Jinglingzi, Sangzhuweng and Donggangzi, also known as "Chashan Imperial History". He was a famous tea scientist in Tang Dynasty, and was known as "tea fairy", "Cha Sheng" and "Tea God". He loved tea all his life and was good at tea ceremony. He wrote the world's first monograph on tea science-Tea Classic.

9. Guan Yu-Guan Yu

Guan Yu, formerly known as immortal, later changed to Yunchang, a good man in Hedong County, and a famous soldier in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. He followed Liu Bei in his early days, was captured by Cao Cao, and killed Yan Liang, the general of Yuan Shao, in Bai Mapo. Together with Zhang Fei, they are called ten thousand enemies. After his death, he was gradually deified and honored as "Guan Gong", also known as bearded man. There have been many awards and titles in all previous dynasties. In Qing Dynasty, it was regarded as "loyal to SHEN WOO, brave to show great sage" and "warrior sage", just like Confucius "Wen Sheng".

10, Cao Sheng-Zhang Xu

Zhang Xu, a native of Wuxian (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) in the Tang Dynasty, was a heavy drinker. Every time I get drunk, I scream and walk away, calling myself Zhang Dian. This also shows his passion for art, and he was called "the sage of grass" by the later Buddha.

1 1, Yasheng-Mencius

Mencius, Ji surname, Meng family, a famous guest, was born in Zoucheng, Warring States, a great thinker and educator in ancient China, and a representative of Confucianism. He and Confucius are also called "Confucius and Mencius". In the Yuan Dynasty, Mencius was regarded as the "Asian Sage" by posthumous title, and he was honored as the "Asian Sage".

12, Ke Sheng (Mu Sheng)-Zhang Heng

Zhang Heng, Pingzi, Han nationality, Nanyang Xi, one of the five saints of Nanyang, was a great astronomer, mathematician, inventor, geographer and writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Zhang Heng made outstanding contributions to the development of astronomy, mechanical technology and seismology in China, and invented the armillary sphere and seismograph. He is one of the representatives of Huntian theory in the middle of Eastern Han Dynasty. It is praised by later generations as "the holy of science" (the holy of wood).

13, Shang Sheng-Fan Li

Fan Li, whose real name was Shao Bo, was a famous politician, strategist, economist and Taoist scholar in the late Spring and Autumn Period. He is one of the pioneers of Chu studies and one of the "Five Saints of Nanyang". He helped Gou Jian, the King of Yue, restore the country and retired after his success. During this period, he became rich in business for three times, and dispersed his wealth to become Tao Zhugong himself. Later generations respectfully called him "God of Wealth" and "Shang Sheng".

14, Qiusheng-Guiguzi

Guiguzi, surnamed Wang, named Xu, also known as Wang Li, was named Xuanweizi. He was one of the founders of Taoism in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the father of military strategists and a master of the art of war. He is a mysterious figure in the history of China. For more than 2,000 years, strategists revered him as the ancestor, fortune tellers revered him as the ancestor, strategists revered him as the ancestor, famous artists revered him as the ancestor, and Taoism revered him as the ancestor of Wang Chan. He is proficient in all kinds of knowledge, which is unmatched by others. His disciples include more than 500 people, including Su Qin, Zhang Yi, Sun Bin, Pang Juan, Fan Li, Gan Mao, etc. These people are celebrities of all ages.

Ceng Zi Zongsheng 15

The word Shen was born in Nanwucheng, Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. He is a famous thinker in China and one of the late disciples of Confucius. He studied under his father Ceng Dian and was an important representative of Confucianism. He played an important role in the development of Confucianism and was regarded as a "saint" by later generations.

16, Repair-Yan Hui

Yan Hui, whose name is Yanzi, was born in Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. He is the most proud disciple of Confucius. He possessed a vast store of knowledge. He has never been an official in his life, nor has he left any legacy. His words and expressions are included in the Analects of Confucius and other books, and his thoughts are basically consistent with Confucius. Yuan Wenzong named Yan Hui the Duke of the Restoration Sage of Yan State, but he was knighted in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, and was only called "Restoration Sage".

17, Saint-Zisi

Kong Ji, Zi Zisi, grandson of Confucius, son of Confucius and son of Kong Li. Zisi is a famous thinker in the Spring and Autumn Period in China, and occupies an important position in the development history of Confucianism. He inherited Confucius' doctrine of the mean and developed Mencius' theory of mind and nature, which had an important and positive influence on Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty. In the Yuan Dynasty, he was canonized as a "saint", and later generations respected him as a "saint" and was sacrificed by Confucianism.

18, calculate San Liuhong.

Liu Hong, a native of Mengyin County, Taishan Mountain in the Eastern Han Dynasty, was an outstanding astronomer and mathematician in ancient China. He was smart and eager to learn since he was a child. He read six art books and was knowledgeable. He is especially good at astronomy and calendar, is the inventor of abacus and the discoverer of the theory of uneven moon movement, and is honored as a "saint" by later generations.

19, Shi Sheng-Sima Qian

Sima Qian was born in xia yang (now south of Hancheng, Shaanxi). Historians and essayists in the Western Han Dynasty. He was imprisoned for defending Li Ling's defeat, and later worked hard to complete his own historical records. Later Buddha called him Shi Qian, Tai Shigong and the father of history.

20. Le Sheng-Li Guinian

Li Guinian, a musician in the Tang Dynasty, was good at singing, playing cymbals, playing Jie drums and composing music. As a disciple of Li Yuan, he has been favored by Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty for many years, and his feelings with Xuanzong are very incomparable. He once sang one of Wang Wei's songs, Yichuan: "The breeze and the bright moon painstakingly miss each other, and my son has been in the army for more than ten years. I sent someone to Japan to entertain guests, and when I returned to Yan, I attached some books. " I hope that Tang Xuanzong is lucky in the south.

2 1, chess saints-Yan Ziqing and Ma Suiming

Yan Ziqing and Ma Suiming were both famous chess players in Dongwu during the Three Kingdoms period, and they were both honored as "chess saints" by later generations. Bao Puzi: "Go is called chess saint, so Yan Ziqing and Ma Suiming have the names of today's chess saints."

22, the word saint-Su Shi

Su Shi, whose word is Zi Zhan and whose word is He Zhong, is a Taoist priest of Tieguan, a layman of Dongpo, known as Su Dongpo and Su Xian in the world, a writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. Su Shi was a literary leader in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, and made great achievements in poetry, ci, writing, calligraphy and painting. His writing is arbitrary; His poems have a wide range of themes, are fresh and healthy, are good at using exaggerated metaphors and have a unique style; His words are bold and unconstrained, and they are both bold and unconstrained representatives with Xin Qiji. His prose writing is rich and unrestrained. His "Huangzhou Cold Food Poetry Post" is known as "the third running script in the world". He was praised as "the sage of words" by later generations.

23. Qu Sheng-Guan Hanqing

Guan Hanqing, the founder and playwright of Yuan Zaju, was the first of the four masters in Yuan Dynasty. His Sanqu is rich in content, fresh and vigorous in style and of high artistic value. Therefore, he is called "Qu Sheng".

24, medical sage-Li Shizhen

Li Shizhen, a native of Dongbi, was a famous pharmacologist in Ming Dynasty. /kloc-since 0/565, Li Shizhen has successively collected medicinal specimens and prescriptions from Wudang Mountain, Lushan Mountain, Maoshan Mountain, Niushou Mountain, Huguang, Anhui, Henan, Hebei and other places, and worshipped fishermen, woodcutters, farmers, coachmen, medical workers and snake catchers as teachers, consulted 925 kinds of medical books and recorded tens of millions of words. Therefore, he is called "the medicine sage".