Please briefly introduce Simu Wuding.

Si Muwu Ding is a ritual vessel made by Shang Dynasty or Zujia to worship his mother Wu. It is a representative work of Shang and Zhou bronzes in China, formerly known as Simuwu Ding or Simuwu Dafang Ding. Now in the National Museum of China.

Wu Ding, the stepmother, is a bronze Fang Ding used for royal sacrifice in the late Shang Dynasty (about16th century BC to1century BC), and it is a representative work of Shang bronzes. Wu Ding, the stepmother, is tall, thick, magnificent in shape, magnificent in momentum, gorgeous in decorative patterns and superb in craftsmanship. Also known as stepmother Wu Dafang Ding, she is 133 cm tall, 1 10 cm long, 78 cm wide, weighs 832.84 kg, and has hollow legs. The tripod body (including hollow tripod) is cast by Tao Fan, and its alloy composition is: copper 84.77%, tin 1 1.44%, lead 2.76% and other 0.9%. The tripod belly is rectangular, with two straight ears (only one ear was left when it was found, and the other ear was later copied from the other ear), and there are four cylindrical tripod feet below. It is the largest bronze found in the world at present. This tripod was cast by the son of Shang King Wu Ding as a sacrifice to his mother. Houma Ding is cast with a ceramic mold, which consists of a belly mold, a top mold, a core, a base and a gate mold. The ornamentation of the tripod belly may have used a model. The tripod ears are cast at the back and attached to the edge of the tripod mouth. The hole in the ear is where the mud core of the tripod is fixed. Some people think that the tripod ears are cast before the tripod body, and then embedded in the mold and cast together with the tripod body.

The tripod has a rectangular body, a thick mouth edge and a straight outline, showing an unshakable momentum. Stepmother has ears, a square stomach and empty legs. Except that the center of the tripod body is a rectangular plain surface without ornamentation, there are ornamentation in other places. On the exquisite Yun Leiwen, the main decorative patterns of each part have their own forms. The tripod body is mainly decorated with gluttony around the square surface, and the four sides are decorated by the door, with the bull's head on the side and gluttony on the bottom. There are two tigers on the outside of the tripod ear, mouth to mouth and head inside. The ears are decorated with fish lines. The decorative patterns of the four tripod feet are also unique, with an animal face on each of the three strings. According to textual research, Wu Ding, the stepmother, should be a heavy weapon of the Shang royal family, and her modeling, decoration and craftsmanship have reached a fairly high level. It is the representative work of bronze culture in the heyday of Shang Dynasty. Stepmother Wu Ding's handle decoration is also exquisite. The two dragons and tigers opened their huge mouths and contained a head, which later evolved into an auspicious pattern of "playing with pearls in a dragon". It is generally believed that this kind of art shows the deterrent power of nature and God. Now some people speculate that the man is a virgin who presides over divination. He put his head into the dragon's mouth on his own initiative in order to show off his courage and magic and make people submit to his orders. It is entirely possible that the Virgin appeared with two beasts, and such patterns can often be seen in bronzes and Oracle Bone Inscriptions. The word "stepmother Wu" was cast in the tripod-shaped abdomen of the stepmother. Some people interpreted it as "Simuwu", which was cast by the Shang Dynasty or Zujia as a sacrifice to her mother. Stepmother Wu Ding's tripod body and tripod feet are integrally cast, and the tripod ears are cast after the tripod body is cast. To cast such a tall bronze ware, the required metal material should be above 1000 kg, and there should be a larger melting furnace.

Wu Ding, the stepmother, was the heaviest bronze casting in the pre-Qin period. The casting age is about the late Shang dynasty, which reflects the technical level of bronze smelting and casting industry in Yin and Shang dynasties and is the representative work of Shang and Zhou bronzes.