Twilight of the gods in Norwegian mythology

Nordic mythology originated from the worship of the sun and nature and is a unique myth system in Scandinavia. Its formation time is relatively later than other major myth systems in the world. The oral communication history of Nordic mythology can be traced back to 1-2 century, which was first popular in Norway, Denmark and Sweden, and spread to Iceland and other places with a group of immigrants around the 7th century. In the Middle Ages, Christianity prevailed throughout Europe. Because of its strong political attacks, most of the works that record Nordic myths are regarded as heresy and burned. So far, the Icelandic epic Eda and the Germanic epic Song of Nibelungen have been well preserved.

Nordic mythology is a polytheistic system, which can be roughly divided into four systems: giant, god, elf and dwarf. Among them, the giant created the world and gave birth to the gods, but at the same time it is also the greatest enemy of the gods, which can be understood as a personalized natural force. The gods are divided into two tribes, Ersil, headed by Odin, the main god, and Vanier, headed by Nijod, the sea god, among which there are twelve main gods. Elves and gnomes belong to demigods. They serve God and belong to a special creation in the Germanic region.

There are many very special parts in Nordic mythology. For example, the creation of human beings first created women, and the material created is not the soil expressed in most myths, but a branch. Another outstanding feature is determined by its geographical location. Because Scandinavia is located in the extreme north, it is cold all the year round, so the frost giant has a high position in mythology and often makes the gods feel headache. Secondly, the views on extinction and rebirth have the greatest influence. Different from other mythological systems, the gods in Nordic mythology are not perfect, and they themselves will face the fate of extinction. For example, Odin sacrificed his left eye to gain knowledge, was hanged in Kuya, the tree of the world, and was traumatized before he got the rune role. On the other hand, Nordic mythology holds that when everything dies, new life will be formed again, and everything in the world is in a cycle.

Creation myth

At the beginning of the world, there was no sky and no land. In the dense fog, there is only one gap in Jinunaga, and to the north of the gap is Neverheim, a "foggy city", where the spring named Hvergelmir is the source of all rivers. It is said that the water in one of the rivers is highly toxic. To the south of the gap is Musbelheim, a country of flames, guarded by a giant named Steyr with a burning sword. In the interweaving of hot air and cold ice, Ymir, the ancestor of the frost troll, and a giant cow named Audhumbla were born. Ymir eats the milk secreted by Odem Bula for a living, while Odem Bula licks the salt grains on the ice. After that, Ymir became a wise giant Mí mir and a female giant Bestla, both of whom belonged to the family of Frost Giant. In addition, under the licking of the cow, Buli, the father of the gods, appeared on the ice.

Willy gave birth to Bohr, and Bohr and Bestla gave birth to three pillar gods-Odin, Willy and ve. The giant and the god are quite at odds, and the two sides go to war. Later, Ymir was killed by the gods and the giant was defeated. The remaining giants fled to Jotuheim and continued to hate the gods. The gods decorated the earth and the sky with Ymir's body. When Ymir's corpse rotted and maggots grew, these maggots became elves and dwarfs.

Ymir's body turned into the earth, blood into the ocean, bones into mountains, and hair into trees. Odin turned Ymir's head into the sky and his brain into a cloud. The four corners of the sky are supported by four dwarfs and Machamp. Ymir's eyebrows were used to build a wall around the "middle world" (Midgard). Then Odin captured the flames of Musbelheim, turned them into stars, the moon and the sun, and set the operation of the four seasons. Later, the gods made men from gray branches and women from elm branches. The man's name is "asker" and the woman's name is "Embla". Odin gave them life and soul, Willie gave them reason and action, and gave them emotion, appearance and language. This is the ancestor of mankind.

[Editor] Nine Worlds

The world supported by Yggdrasil is divided into three layers and nine countries. The following is a rough classification, but in fact, because the correct information has been lost, there is more than one statement about the nine realms.

Upper level—

Asgard-the kingdom of God. The place where assas people live. One of the biggest castles is Odin's Golden Palace. Varhala is also located here.

Wanahem-the home of the Warner Protoss. The reproduction of everything between heaven and earth, the ocean and the wind are all controlled by Warner Protoss. This protoss knows many mysterious spells that Odin doesn't know.

Alfheim-the land of the elves. Where the elves live. Elves are particularly beautiful and have great power. They take care of flowers and plants, love light most, and are kind-hearted goblins.

Intermediate layer—

Middle-earth/atrium/midgard-the place where human beings live. There are three-color Hongqiao composed of ice, fire and air, which can lead to the kingdom of God.

Jotuheim-the place where giants live. The signpost from the human world to the "giant country" is a horrible "Jarnvid"; There is also legend that the other side of the sea is a "giant country".

Svartalfheim- a living example of a dwarf. Dwarfs are skilled craftsmen with all kinds of mysterious powers and profound knowledge. They created a lot of wealth.

Lower level—

The country of the dead-a country ruled by the queen of the ghost country, Hull. This is a cold and foggy place, a place that lasts all night, and only the dead can reach it (the souls who died in the battle can go to the hall of souls, and others will come here).

Nifheim-foggy city. There is no obvious difference between the world of ice and snow and the country of death.

Muspelheim-land of flames. South of the Kinlunga watershed, a hot country guarded by giant Steyr.

[Edit] List of Gods/Demons

Odin: the God of Ethel; In charge of war, death, wisdom, poetry, etc.

Frigga: Odin's wife after God; In charge of marriage and family; Responsible for the rotating cloud.

Thor: He has the title of Thor; Being in charge of war and agriculture is the main enemy of giants.

Sif: Sol's wife, goddess of land and harvest.

Frey: the god of abundance; Main harvest and weather; The son of Nijod, the sea god, was born in Warner Protoss and was taken hostage to Asa with freya.

Freya: Breeding and Sivir; Frey's sister; She shared the dead in the war with Odin.

Loki: the god of pranks and pranks; Belong to the giants; Odin's sworn brother.

Tyr: god of war; Son of the giant himl; A hand was bitten off by a wolf in Fenrir.

Heimdahl: the caretaker of the Rainbow Bridge; The gods will blow their horns at dusk.

Bode: god of light; Odin and Frigga's son.

Hoddle: Dark hoddle; It is said that he is Baldell's twin brother.

Forseti (Forseti). God of truth and justice; Bud's son.

Brakis: the god of poetry, wisdom and eloquence; Odin's son.

Idun: the goddess of youth; Blaquez's wife; The owner of Asgard Wannian Garden is in charge of the rejuvenated apples.

Relationship with Zhou

Nordic mythology has a far-reaching influence on western customs, and the origin of Zhou has a lot to do with it.

Sunday)-from the sun. The day when the Germans sacrificed to the sun.

Monday)-Taken on the moon. This is the Anglo-Saxon Moon Festival.

Tuesday)-It depends on the name of the God of War, Tiu or Tiw (Valkyrie's English name of Tyr).

Wednesday)-This name comes from the ancient days when Odin was worshipped (Walden Festival, which is Odin's old English name).

Thursday)-from the Norse myth of Thor. This is the holiest day of the week for ancient Germans. Meetings are usually held on this day, and members will be disqualified if they don't show up before noon, so Raytheon is also the patron saint of meetings.

Friday-from Frigedaeg, refers to the day of the goddess Freya. The other is frigga, Odin's wife. However, some people think that the two goddesses may be the same person.

Saturday)-from the Roman god of agriculture-Saturn. This is the only thing that has nothing to do with Nordic mythology.

Decryption of Nordic myths

The spread of Nordic mythology: Nordic mythology first spread in Finland, Sweden, Norway and Iceland, and even in North America and Greenland, and was created by Scandinavians (the ancestors of the Vikings), one of the Germanic peoples. From the eighth century to the eleventh century, vikings were the most terrible pirates in Europe, which was also the period of victory of Nordic mythology. /kloc-After 0/3rd century, the Viking power weakened, the influence of European churches increased greatly, Nordic myths began to be lost, and the Vikings were forced to convert to Christianity and Catholicism. Iceland, which is only covered with snow and ice, is scattered among the bards on Skar Island.

Twilight of the Gods: In the last part of Twilight of the Gods, it is pointed out that the world will be destroyed by raging flames, and a new world will be born after the raging flames subside. In fact, the flame here may refer to "volcanic eruption". Due to the instability of the crust in northern Europe, earthquakes and volcanic activities are frequent. In the eyes of ancient northern Europeans, volcanic eruption is like the end of the world, but the new continent born under volcanic eruption is full of infinite vitality. Therefore, natural phenomena that can be destroyed by terror but can give birth to life are applied to myths.

The constant conflict and struggle between the gods and giants will definitely lead to the final decisive battle between the two forces. At that time, not only all the visible creations will be destroyed, but also the residents of the giant country, the celestial world and the atrium, the gods of the gods country and the necromancer country will be destroyed with the world they live in. The end of the world-the twilight of the gods, is inevitable anyway. Although Odin tried his best to delay the arrival of the end, this terrible day of destruction will eventually come. The first sign is that mankind is facing a severe winter that it has never encountered before. The snow kept falling, the earth was frozen by severe frost, the biting wind roared in the dark sky, and the days when the storm did not see the sun continued. Such a miserable winter has happened three times in a row, with no summer in between, and every day is a miserable day. Everyone's hopes for summer have been dashed. The snow kept falling and there was ice everywhere. In the cold, the universe is full of the shadow of war and conflict, and the evil beasts in the wilderness wander around looking for food. People no longer forgive each other and help each other, brothers and sisters kill each other, fathers and sons become enemies and kill each other in ugly sexual competition. This is a world full of evil and terror, even the earth trembled for it, the seas dried up and the rocks crumbled, and the earth cracked. There are countless dead people, vultures gather in the air to scream and hover in search of dead bodies, and their sins cross-flow, and their blood is stained all over the earth. The souls of countless sinners fought to cross the Styx, and even the color of the river was covered. At the top of the tree in the world, the golden rooster in heaven kept calling the police, screaming at the top of his lungs. The flaming rooster responded with a shrill crow from the bottom of the dead country. On the top of Tielin Hill, the eagle of the storm flapped its wings, the storm raged and roared, and the world was dark. Chasing the sun and the moon devoured, and the earth cracked. Friel, a strange wolf who can devour heaven and earth by opening his mouth, has broken free from the curse that binds him. He shook his fur and the whole world trembled. The tree of the world shook from the root to the top of the tree, and the earth fell apart. Dwarfs living in caves in the mountains fled in panic and couldn't find the entrance to the cave. Nithog, the black dragon, also hollowed out the deep roots of the tree of the world, which was dying. At this time, the serpent Youmenggundo, who surrounded the atrium, also woke up from the mud bed at the bottom of the sea, churning his huge body, and his long tail set off huge waves, engulfing the mountains in the atrium, and the sea went straight to the sky of the kingdom of the gods. From the mountain-like waves, the serpent held its huge head high, covered with poison spots, and the breath from its mouth turned into flames, scorching the sky. At this upside-down moment, a burning army came from the burning country of Heim, mosby in the south, and they were killed by waves of flames under the leadership of Souter. Souter holds the sword of victory in his right hand and the flaming flame in his left. At this time, Loki, the evil god, also broke free from the shackles of eternal punishment and joined the camp against the gods. Friel, the strange wolf, followed him and ran to the kingdom of the gods together. From the east, the giant Remo took the helm and just rowed to the kingdom of the gods with the dream of the serpent. Garm, a hellhound with blood on his chest, stood on the rock, facing the gloomy and sad abyss, barking incessantly. Hull, the queen of the kingdom of the dead, stood on a big ship made of dead people's nails, full of troops of frost trolls heading for the kingdom of the gods. The giant army crowded the Hongqiao Rainbow Bridge, and the loud noise shook the universe. The majestic Hongqiao finally collapsed and shattered under the ravages of the enemy. The mountains split and rocks flew about in the ashes. Heimdo, the guardian of heaven, took out the horn hidden in the shade of the tree of the world, sounded the emergency signal and summoned the gods and heroes. The sound of the horn resounded through the sky, clearer than thunder, and reported the unfortunate news to the kingdom of the gods. Armed with weapons, the army of God rushed out of the 540-door hall of souls, arrayed itself on the night of the Lantern Festival, and began to meet the giants. Circular shields collided with each other, and sharp spears danced in the air like dense showers, shaking the world with shouts. On the eve of the decisive battle, Odin went to the well of fate alone. I saw three fates sitting quietly beside the withered tree of the world, with only a broken net beside them. Odin turned to the wise man Mimir, said a few words in his ear, and then turned back to the battlefield. Now that both sides have come, countless years of hatred will be solved once and for all. The first encounter was between Odin, a great god, and friel, a strange wolf. The vengeful troll who broke the curse lock opened a huge mouth enough to prop up the whole sky, spewing flames into the air, and his eyes swooped down on Odin with lightning-like fine mans. Odin raised his magic gun Gunnar to meet him. He wore a shiny gold helmet, and his dark blue cloak waved behind his shoulders like a blue flame. He stepped down and rode a horse that was faster than the wind. He really deserves to be the Lord of the gods in the kingdom of gods. Unfortunately, he was unlucky in the war and finally died under the teeth of the strange wolf friel. Seeing his father's tragic death, Vidal, the son of Odin, immediately pounced on the strange wolf friel, grabbed his chin with one foot, tore his huge mouth in half, and then stabbed his heart from the wolf's throat with a spear to avenge his father's death. Fu Lei commanded the immortal hero of the Soul Hall to rush at Su Te, but Fu Lei's usual weapon, the sword of victory, is now in the hands of the enemy, and he only uses an antler as a weapon. Fu Lei was finally hit by the sword of victory in the hands of the enemy and was dying. Garm, the dog of hell, licked the blood and rushed to Tyre, the god of war. After a fierce battle, Tyr and Garm both died of injuries. Rocky's opponent is Heimdor, who is guarding Hongqiao. After a long period of torture, Loki looked terrible. His face is as white as death, and his long hair and beard stand out angrily and look like strange horns. Heimdo's sword soon cut off the ugly head, but the cut head jumped up from the ground and stabbed Heimdo in the chest, taking his life. Thor and his old enemy, You Meng, have just had a fierce battle. The giant snake's huge body kept rolling, cleverly avoiding Raytheon's hammer and constantly spitting poison at Raytheon. Thor was very angry. He slammed Thor's hammer on the head of the serpent. Suddenly, the thunder was loud and Lei Guang was dazzled. The snake stood up, vomited blood in the wilderness, and fell to the ground and died. However, Thor was also poisoned by snake venom and trembled and groaned in thunderous pain. After nine steps, the first warrior in the kingdom of God also died. The battlefield is full of corpses of gods and giants, and the plain has become a sea of blood. Nithhogg, the black dragon, flew over the battlefield, making a terrible noise with his wings, greedily gnawing at the warm corpse stained with blood. The sky emits a dark red light like blood, which dyes the sky and the earth deep red. There are few people standing on the battlefield. At this time, Sartre, who killed Frey, threw the flame in his hand into the sky. In the fiery red-violet flame, the whole universe collapsed. The atrium has become a sea of fire, the pillar of fire runs through the universe, the smoke has not yet reached the top of the mountain, and the world tree supporting the universe has been swallowed up by the flame and collapsed. Stars fall from the sky, time no longer exists, and the blackened ground wobbles and sinks into the turbulent seabed. Only the huge waves can be seen, and the universe is only dead and eternal darkness. The world is destroyed like this! ..... In the far south of the destroyed universe, there is another boundless blue sky that no one has ever been to. The storm of the end of the world has passed, and heaven and earth have been destroyed. Some living gods fled to the south. A pair of human men and women hid in the hole of the world tree and drank the morning dew and survived. As time passed, a new land emerged from the sea under their feet. The dead god of light Budd and the blind God Herder also came back from the dead. This land is more beautiful and greener than the destroyed old world. Fruit trees are full of fruits, and the sound of running water comes from the fresh air in the morning. In this far south, the beautiful plain remains the same, and the surviving gods walk through the green grass on the plain. In the grass, they seemed to see the golden years they had spent. With deep joy, the gods seem to have found the remnants of Odin's palace and the collapsed hall of souls in this peaceful new world. They vaguely walked into the hall of the soul. The surviving gods looked at each other in surprise. Everyone has endless thoughts in his heart, and everyone can't help crying with joy. They are determined to rebuild the palace with such beautiful memories and rebuild a brand-new happy world ... Then Nithog, the black dragon, jumped out of the pile of corpses. It flew over the earth heavily and slowly, and its black wings were covered with bones. Soon it fell in a very far place and disappeared into the bottomless abyss on the edge of the world. Although the fire robbery destroyed the universe, it also burned all evil and a new order was established. Just like a prophecy in Old Ada, it is quite similar to the Revelation of John (the last volume of the New Testament), which mentions what happened after the gods were defeated ... When the sun turned dark, the earth sank into the sea, red stars fell from the sky, flames jumped in the air, and a new world would be created. It would be brilliant in the sky, with gold on the roof and fruits in the fields without sowing.