Translation terms in the Western Zhou Dynasty

The Western Zhou Dynasty first translated "philosophy" into Chinese character "philosophy", which has been in use ever since. 1862, the Western Zhou Dynasty translated "philosophy" into Chinese characters "Western Neo-Confucianism" and katakana "ヒロソヒ" in a letter to Matsuoka Linjiro. In the postscript of Tian Zhen's Theory of Sexuality, he said: "The study of western culture has been circulated for more than a hundred years, and people have glimpsed it in physics, chemistry, geography, equipment and other subjects. Only I am interested in philosophy, and I have never seen another one." It is translated as "Greek philosophy" here, and it is also translated in Notes on the History of Western Philosophy. It is said that it was taken from The Scholar and the Sage by Zhou Dunyi of China, so it was translated into "Philosophy of Hope" to express the meaning of seeking the sage and philosophy. According to the original meaning of Greek "love wisdom", this translation is also satisfactory. The above is his translation before going abroad. Studying in the Netherlands and continuing to study after returning to China have a further understanding of the true meaning of philosophy. In 1870' s Open the Door, it was translated into Chinese as "Philosoby". In the same year, it was translated into Philosophy in the series of Hundred Schools, Wonderful Theory and the Origin of Nature, which started at 1872. But these are all manuscripts, and we can't completely rule out the elements of later revision. We can only say that he has decided to translate "philosophy" into "philosophy" from now on The earliest published translation was Philosophy, published in 1874. The book says, "Translate the philosophy about tomorrow's humanity and teaching methods into philosophy." Since then, it has been recognized by everyone and has been used until today.

In addition, the Chinese translations of philosophical and social science terms such as "subjective", "objective", "rational", "cognition", "phenomenon", "reality", "induction", "deduction", "correctness" and "science" were all obtained after repeated scrutiny in the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is still widely used in Japan, China and other countries with cultural circles of Chinese characters. This is a great contribution of the Western Zhou Dynasty in the history of oriental philosophy. But interestingly, although the Western Zhou Dynasty translated a large number of western social science terms into Chinese characters, he himself advocated abolishing Chinese characters and replacing them with Roman characters. He once published "On Writing Mandarin in a Foreign Language" in the inaugural issue of Liu Ming magazine to explain his ideas.