Dongpo Zhi Lin's feelings

A thousand readers have a thousand Hamlets. Different readers will have different feelings, so you can always get different feelings after reading the same text and video. Next, I will bring you "the feeling of reading Dongpo Zhi Lin", and more contents can be selected. Welcome to reading.

I have seen Dongpo Zhi Lin 1 Many years ago, when I was visiting the bookstore, I saw a Dongpo Zhi Lin in the corner of the discount book, with a 36-page folio and simple binding.

I know Dongpo Zhi Lin is because of the famous article Night Tour in Chengtian Temple, in which the moonlight is as clear as water, the elegant and free figure in the moonlight, and the complex feelings of "where there is no bright moon, where there is no green bamboo and cypress, and where there are no idle people like my ears" have left a deep impression on me.

Just open this book "Dongpo Zhi Lin", the first one is "Remember to visit Hepu". In the third year of Fu Yuan, Song Huizong ascended the throne, and Su Dongpo's imperial edict moved northward. The road was difficult and tortuous. When 65-year-old Su Dongpo ran aground on the vast sea with his young son, he looked at the scene of "Tianshui meets Tianshui" and sighed: "Why have I encountered such obstacles many times?" He stroked the Confucian classics such as Yi Zhuan, Shu Zhuan and The Analects of Confucius, and sighed: "God didn't want me to suffer this, and we will definitely tide over the difficulties!" After reading this, I was shocked. I am deeply attracted by the vicissitudes of life and the belief that there is no way out. I bought the book Dongpo Zhi Lin immediately. For more than ten years, I have been browsing from time to time, always reading and always being new, and I enjoy it.

Dongpo Zhi Lin is a collection of essays by Su Shi, a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. "Zhi" means recording. One year before his death, Su Shi summed up his life with self-mockery: "Ask your life achievements, Huangzhou Huizhou Danzhou." Huangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou were three relegated places that influenced Su Shi's life. Dongpo Zhi Lin contains 203 essays in five volumes from his exile in Huangzhou to his return to the mainland from Danzhou for more than 20 years. The article covers a wide range of topics. They are all written by letters, regardless of length, and they are easy to write, most of which are short articles.

Su Dongpo is a rare all-rounder in the history of ancient literature and art in China. He is a great scholar who knows everything, and he is very good at studying Confucian classics, history and even a hundred schools of thought contend. He is proficient in Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and his thoughts are comprehensive. He is a essayist, poet, poet, calligrapher and painter. He is proficient in medical skills and a gourmet, which can be described as a "miscellaneous family". As long as you look at the catalogue, you will know how varied the contents of Dongpo Zhi Lin are: the first volume is about travel, homesickness, self-cultivation, illness, dreams, learning, fate, farewell, and the second volume is about sacrifice, military strategy, current affairs, official position, official career, seclusion, Buddhism, Taoism and strange things. Other volumes also include technology, historical sites and jade.

The articles about Buddhism and Taoism in Dongpo Zhi Lin are interesting to read.

For example, the article "Zhuo Qishun Zen China". Zhuo Qishun, a lay handyman in Dinghuiyuan, Suzhou, traveled thousands of miles across the ocean to visit Su Dongpo in exile in Huizhou. Dongpo asked him, "What local products did you bring?" Zhuo Qishun spread out his hands. Dongpo said, "It's a pity that you came thousands of miles empty-handed." Zhuo Qishun made a gesture of shouldering the burden and walked away. Buddhist Zen words are sometimes expressed by actions rather than words. Zhuo Qishun's action means that he came home loaded, not empty-handed. Yes, Zhuo Qi walked thousands of miles to Huizhou with the care and kindness of Su Dongpo's two sons in Yixing. Dongpo humorously recorded Zhuo Qishun's Zen words, and must have been moved by this warm-hearted affection.

Volume 1, Self-cultivation, records a story of Bai Juyi's alchemy, called Letian Burning Dan. Taoism has an immortal alchemy. During Bai Juyi's demotion to Jiangzhou Sima, he built an alchemy furnace, which was almost refined, but it was broken. The next day, the court appointed him as the imperial edict of Zhongzhou Secretariat. Dongpo felt from this: you can't have both an official and an alchemist after joining the WTO. I have long been interested in alchemy, but I can't succeed because of the unfinished business in the world. Now I have completely failed in officialdom, and I can finally realize my ambition of alchemy. There is something hard to say, but at the end of the article, I quoted a sentence from Shangshu, "God will obey what the people want", which means that God will obey what the people want, and he humorously laughed at himself.

Su Dongpo also has a lot of research on Taoist health preservation. For example, he said, "If you are hungry, you should stop; if you are not full, you should stop", which means you should eat when you are hungry and stop when you are not full. He also practiced meditation on an empty stomach, observed his nose with his eyes, observed his heart with his nose, and counted the number of breaths until he was calm.

I also have my own unique views on the doctor's ingenuity and kindness. He thinks that two doctors with almost the same medical skills, the one with peaceful personality and pure and kind conduct will be far better than the other, because he is more approachable and will specialize in treating diseases and saving lives.

He also has many original views on history and comments on the ancients. For example, he said that Liu Ling in the Jin Dynasty was not broad-minded. Liu Ling has always been famous for his generous drinking. He often carries a pot of wine in a cart pulled by a deer and makes people follow him with shovels on their backs, saying, "If I die, bury me." Su Dongpo said that he is not a broad-minded person, because he still wants to be buried after his death, and he has not completely forgotten his skeleton. He criticized Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty, saying that when he died, he would cry outside the ancestral temple, apologize to the people, and then return to the Song Dynasty. How could he just cry to Gong E and Jiao Fang?

Reading Dongpo Zhi Lin can not only read a word "miscellaneous", but also read a word "interesting". Dongpo's quips that pop up from time to time in the book will always make you laugh.

Dongpo is not a devout Buddhist. The article "chanting" wrote that Su Dongpo recited the scriptures after eating meat. Someone said, "You can't recite the scriptures like this." So Dongpo gargled with water, and someone said, "How can a bowl of water be rinsed clean!" Dongpo said: "I am ashamed, I will get it (-a monk can understand me)." There is a realm of "the wine and the meat cross the intestines, and the Buddha pays attention", and you can't help laughing at him. He is so cute.

In the second year of Yuanfeng, Su Dongpo was impeached only a few months after he went to Huzhou as a satrap, and was charged with writing poems to slander the court, so he was put into Yushitai prison for strict investigation. This is the famous Wutai poetry case. In the article "Book Yang Pushi", Su Dongpo was arrested in Huzhou for "writing poems to slander the court", and his wife and children all cried when they saw him off. But he said to his wife, "can't you write me a poem like your wife?" This is a story he heard. The hermit Yang Pu was summoned by the emperor. The emperor asked him, "can someone write a poem for you when he leaves?" Yang Pu said, "My concubine gave me a poem: Don't brood over a glass of wine, and don't recite poems wildly. I am going to arrest the general today, and this time I will ruin my old scalp. " The emperor smiled and told Yang Pu to go back. At this time, Su Dongpo is in unjust imprisonment, but he can also forgive his family with Yang Pu's story. When life and death are uncertain, he is still witty and cheerful, which shows his heart. "My wife doesn't feel heartbroken", and there must be tears in her smile. After the reader laughs, I'm afraid she will also feel a kind of sadness.

One of the "diseases" in the first book is "Zi Zhan suffers from pinkeye". Su Dongpo has pinkeye. Some people say that if you have this disease, you should avoid eating, and don't eat fish or meat. Interestingly, Su Dongpo actually performed a dialogue between eyes and mouth. The mouth refused to allow it, saying, "I will be your mouth and it will be your eyes." Why do you treat it thick and treat me thin? " I can't eat delicious food because it is ill. "Dongpo is difficult to decide at the moment. Then he said to his eyes, "If one day I am ill for a long time, you can watch whatever you want, and I will never forbid you.". "This reminds me of Ma Ji, Zhao Yan and others' cross talk" The Five Senses Strive for Merit ". It turns out that Su Dongpo had the imagination of dialogue between the five senses as early as 1000 years ago. Of course, Su Dongpo is not imagining things, he is full of profound thoughts. He quoted Guan Zhong as saying: "People who fear the majesty of the law are better than those who are afraid of getting sick, and those who indulge their feelings like running water are not as good as the people." Guan Zhong also said: "Indulge in ease and enjoyment is equivalent to drinking poisoned wine and committing suicide." Dongpo also quoted the words in the Book of Rites, meaning that if a gentleman is solemn, he will become stronger day by day, and if he is happy and indulgent, he will steal peace day by day. Su Dongpo knows that people's desires can't be satisfied casually sometimes, but they should be strict with themselves and not indulge.

Su Dongpo has a friend named Li Ke, who is honest and slow to respond, so another friend Liu Gongfu nicknamed him "Li Mengzi". At that time, they didn't know that there really was a kind of fruit called "Li Mengzi". In the articles "A Journey" and "Li Mengzi", I recalled their riding together: I heard someone really shouting "Li Mengzi" in the city center, and I couldn't help laughing and almost fell off my horse. The intimacy of friendship and the interest of getting along are vividly displayed in Dongpo's works. At the end of the article, Dongpo said that I am now in exile in Hainan, where I live and there are many fruits, but both my friends have passed away. Sitting here, I miss the elegance and charm of my old friends. How can I see such a person again now? Words reveal sincere appreciation and deep nostalgia for friends.

When reading Dongpo Zhi Lin, you can definitely read the word "Da". Su Dongpo's ups and downs in his life, ups and downs, ups and downs, and hardships have also cultivated his optimism and detachment. This attitude towards life can be seen almost everywhere in Dongpo Zhi Lin.

When he was in exile in Huangzhou, he once went to Hu Sha to see the fields he bought. He fell ill and met Pang Anchang, a local deaf-mute doctor. Pang An is often very clever. Su Shi understood his meaning without writing a few words on the paper. Su Dongpo joked: "I use my hands as my mouth and my eyes as my ears. We are all special people of this era! " How much emotion is implied in a joke. Pang An has always been open-minded, but he lives in seclusion in the countryside as a village doctor. Although he was deaf, his eyes were bright, while Dongpo was demoted to Huangzhou because of his poems. In adversity, he is still spontaneous and independent. The ridicule of "be a stranger later" contains optimism and self-confidence. After his recovery, Su Dongpo and Pang An often went to Qingquan Temple. When they saw Lanxi flowing west instead of east, they wrote a sentence:

At the foot of the mountain, the blue buds are immersed in the stream, the sand road between the pines is clean and mud-free, and the rain whispers in the dusk. Who is the most inhuman person in the world? Jun, look at the running water! Don't bemoan the passage of old age!

In Bai Juyi's "Drunk Songs", he once lamented that time flies and life is getting old, but Su Dongpo sang the opposite in this "Huanxisha": "Who knows that there is no shortage in the world?" Jun, look at the running water! Adjourned to sing white-haired yellow chicken. "It means: Who says people can't be young anymore? Look, the running water can still flow west! Don't sigh that time flies, life is easy to get old! There is a positive spirit between the lines, which shows Dongpo's optimistic and open-minded life feelings.

After Wutai Poetry Case, Su Dongpo narrowly escaped the death penalty, and was demoted to Huangzhou as an imaginary assistant. He first lived in Dinghui Garden of Buddhist Temple, where he wrote "Living and Working in Dinghui Garden of Huangzhou" to express his lonely situation and his noble self-confidence, unwilling to go with the flow, leaving the name "Pick up all the cold branches and refuse to live, and the lonely sandbar is cold". Later, Su Dongpo was taken care of by the local satrap and moved to Lingaoge.

Lin Gaoge was originally a post station on the edge of the Yangtze River in Huangzhou, which was used as a temporary residence for officials and officers passing by the river. Su Dongpo likes this residence by the mountains and rivers very much, and built a small room next to the house as a study. In the article "Lingao Leisure Topic", he wrote: Your Excellency Lingao's eighty steps is a big river, and half of the river comes from the snow on Mount Emei, my hometown. I eat and bathe with the water in the river. Why should I go home? Romantic scenery has no fixed owner. Whoever has leisure to enjoy is the master of romantic scenery. I heard that Fan Zifeng built a new garden. I want to know who is better than me. What I can't compare with is that I just can't pay taxes. There is quite a sense of self-enjoyment in the speech, and I don't forget to ridicule Wang Anshi's new law at the end.

In fact, half of the beauty of the scenery in Lingaoge comes from natural scenery, and the other half comes from Su Dongpo himself. He appreciates natural scenery. Su Dongpo's life in Huangzhou Lingaoge was not as leisurely as he said. In order to support himself and his family, he began to farm in Dongpo. In order to facilitate farming, he built several huts on the ground, painted snow scenes on the walls of the huts and named them "Tang Xue". He planted rice, wheat, mulberry and hemp and became a real farmer. His face was blackened in the sun and wind, so he simply took his own "Dongpo" as his name, and the name of "Mr. Dongpo" became famous all over the world. Such a day, though hard, allowed Su Dongpo to enjoy the life realm of his favorite pastoral poet Tao Yuanming. In such a landscape, he stayed away from the dark and cruel officialdom. Although helpless and unwilling, he gradually found inner peace and tranquility. With this mentality, he enjoyed the romantic scenery, and the romantic scenery also gave him a good return. His famous poems, Qianchibi Fu, Houchibi Fu, Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia, and Chengtian Temple Night Tour, were all written in this period.

In the early years of Shao Sheng, Su Dongpo was demoted to Huizhou, Guangdong Province, lived in Jiayou Temple and often walked near Songfeng Pavilion. "A Journey to the Songting Pavilion" tells the story of his thoroughly remoulded epiphany: one day, when he walked near the Songting Pavilion, he felt tired and wanted to have a rest, but he saw that the pavilion for people to rest was still far away, and he didn't know when he would arrive. It took me a long time to realize that there is nothing to rest here! Do we have to go to the exhibition hall? Such an idea, like a fish suddenly getting rid of the bait, makes my heart extremely relaxed. Su Dongpo's understanding can be described as free and easy, as he said at the end of the article: Even in the battlefield of hand-to-hand combat, drums and thunder, progress is killed by opponents, while retreat is killed by military law. No matter what kind of difficult time you are in, you might as well put it down and have a rest. At this time, 59-year-old Su Dongpo's understanding of life has reached a level that I and other laymen can't reach. It is not only broad-mindedness, but also a kind of detachment, getting rid of fetters, not thinking about the past and the future, as long as I enjoy the present. With this understanding, Su Dongpo can feel the beauty of Huizhou, and later when he entered the wasteland, such as Danzhou, Hainan. From the helpless leisure in Huangzhou in the past, it has risen to actively enjoying life in leisure. This detachment and freedom are also clearly reflected in Farewell My Concubine and Night Book. Here, let's talk about night books.

After Su Dongpo was demoted to Danzhou, Hainan, local state officials respected Dongpo, let their family live in the government office and gave them official food regularly. But later, they were driven out by the superiors of state officials, and the situation was very bleak. It was local officials and people who helped them to build three small houses in the forest of Tan Lang. Su Dongpo felt the simplicity and kindness of the local people and forged deep feelings with them. This "Boer Night Book" records a night outing on the Shangyuan Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month after he came to Danzhou for two and a half years. Daner is Danzhou.

"That night, some old scholars came to visit me and said,' Can you come out for a visit on such a sunny moonlit night?' I readily agreed to follow them. Stroll around the west of the city, enter the temple, cross the alley, and see Han people and ethnic minorities mixed together, and there are many vendors selling meat and wine, which is very lively. It's already midnight when I come back from the night tour, and my family has closed the door and fallen asleep, snoring repeatedly. I put down my crutch and smiled. What is it and what is it? Ask yourself why you laugh. I am laughing at myself, but I am also laughing at Han Yu's fishing. He wants to walk away when he can't catch any fish, but he doesn't know that fishermen don't have to catch big fish. "

Han Yu once wrote a poem saying that fishing failed to catch big fish, complaining that the water was too shallow and he wanted to find another fishing spot. In fact, it implies that he is in a bad situation and depressed. Here Su Dongpo used this allusion to ridicule those who care about fame and fortune, expressing his thoughts and feelings of transcending freedom, giving up flashy fame and fortune and enjoying himself.

I can't help but think of a sentence he wrote in Huangzhou, "Lingang returns to Lingao at night." Between the lines, it is also a night tour, but it is not the old literati who came back with the Lantern Festival. Instead, they returned from drinking in Dongpo Tang Xue. "Drink Dongpo at night to sober up", then drink after waking up, and then get drunk. This situation is mostly caused by their inner depression and drinking to drown their sorrows. They were also shut out of the door, but they didn't laugh as freely as in Bor's night book, but listened to the sound of the river with a stick alone. The feeling of "I hate this body for a long time, when will I forget the camp" arises spontaneously, expressing the yearning for "the boat will die now, and the river and the sea will live the rest of their lives", which is an unavoidable desire to get rid of. In the night book, we can see that Su Dongpo has given up his pursuit of innocence, forgotten the "camp" that has been bothering him before, and faced his situation with a normal heart. Guy laughs at himself. What is he laughing at himself? He smiled for the joy of the last Yuan Festival night outing, for Bor's bustling streets and simple folk customs, for his night outing was rejected, and for him to enjoy life to the fullest-he had completely realized the freedom of his soul and won the liberation of his mind. Perhaps, outsiders see him in "adversity", but he has regarded it as a normal environment, taking it in stride and fully enjoying the fun of life. This pure broadmindedness and detachment is Su Dongpo's life wealth after decades of ups and downs.

Whether it is "miscellaneous", "interesting" or "vivid", in fact, when we read Dongpo Zhi Lin, in the final analysis, we read a word "true", a real Mr. Dongpo and a real Su Dongpo world. Of course, the real Su Dongpo is not an out-of-touch fairy. He also has angry moments, and he also has simple and extreme misjudgments. Su Dongpo was indignant at the injustice that saints died young because of poverty, but thieves lived long. In the article "On Xun Qing and shine on you", he refuted Xunzi's "shine on you is better than blue", opposed Xunzi's "theory of evil nature" and said that others were "upside down drunk dreams", which seemed simplistic and one-sided, and the language was too extreme. However, isn't this Su Dongpo more real and lovely?

Such a book, Dongpo Zhi Lin, can be read at any time by the pillow at hand, while reading, thinking, smiling, sighing and meditating for a moment ... It won't make you forget all about eating and sleeping like a mystery novel, nor will it be as serious or even boring as a textbook. Of course, it won't be as simple and shallow as some fashion books, so you can see it at a glance. Dongpo Zhi Lin, like its author, is quiet, free and easy, full of wisdom and intriguing. It has stood the test of thousands of years of history and can stand repeated reading. Readers of every age and age can find something that touches their hearts.

After reading Dongpo Zhi Lin, I felt that the night was already deep, and I read Dongpo Zhi Lin.

Most of the articles in this book were written in Yuanfeng and Fuyuan years (A.D. 1099), which lasted for more than 20 years, from the beginning of being demoted to Huangzhou to the end of Fu Yuan's four-year exile. There are 203 articles. The content is quite rich. As Zhao Yongxian said in "Preface to Carving Mr. Dongpo's Branch Forest" in the 22nd year of Wanli (A.D. 1595), "All of them remember (pretending to be Yuanfeng) and the experience of being young for 20 years, during which they are famous for their meritorious deeds, or governing the political education of the DPRK, or bounded by regions, or dreamy and mysterious, or taking immortals as prostitutes and taking phrases as words. And the hardships, bumps and difficulties of his life in exile are also slightly prepared.

However, the period is vast and romantic. Although it is a day when people die of jealousy, it is adaptive, so it is not for me, but for those who are caught. "Zhao described it in detail, and Yu also felt this way.

Throughout Dongpo's Zhi Lin, we can get a glimpse of Dongpo's education, thoughts and world outlook. Dongpo is worthy of being an omniscient scholar. He has a lot of research on Confucian classics, history and even a hundred schools of thought contend, and attaches great importance to applying what he has learned and taking history as a mirror. Needless to say, although Dongpo's theory is biased and insufficient, it shows that he has good intentions, makes the past serve the present and wants to be a lesson for future generations.

Perilla is not a pure Confucianism, but is compatible with Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. There are profound insights in Buddhism and Taoism in Zhi Lin, as well as in cultivation and strange things. He has a deep cultivation in Buddhism, because he has close contacts with Buddhism and Taoism, has read many Buddhist scriptures, and is proficient in them, such as several treasures. However, perilla is not a devout Buddhist. Talking about Buddhism and Taoism is sometimes close to joking, such as "On Self-cultivation Sticks", you can get a glimpse of the leopard! Zhi Lin is involved in Taoism, the main point of which is not Taoist philosophy, but Taoist health preservation, guidance, alchemy and breaking the valley. Perilla also studied the Book of Changes, not only wrote nine volumes of Dongpo Yi Zhuan, but also mastered divination. I've been reading it several times and I'm impressed. I have memorized many things. In particular, the third volume of divination is a kind of divination occupied by his disciples. He thought that he was "extremely accurate in divination" and personally taught it to his second son and "hid it in the book".

It seems to be superstitious to read easily, and those who believe in destiny, the three points of "destiny" are enough to explain. He believes that "life has a destiny", Han Yu takes grinding scorpions as an official, and he also takes grinding scorpions as his life. So "there are many rumors in life, almost the same disease." It is also said that Ma Meng was born in the same year and the same month, and his birthday is eight days later. "People born in the old days, but no rich people, servants and dreams are the crowns of poverty." Dongpo is also quite proficient in medical skills, with three kinds of records: cultivation, disease and technology. From the book Zhi Lin, it serves to show that Perilla is a saint! If you are interested, you may wish to have a look, which will definitely benefit a lot.

After reading Dongpo Zhi Lin, I recently read Dongpo Zhi Lin, which is very interesting. I especially love his article "Night Tour in Chengtian Temple" and forgot to read it. The whole article is only 83 words, which is extremely concise, but it has a delicate and transparent feeling of clearing the intestines and moistening the lungs. I was fascinated by it several times-classical Chinese can be so elegant and sexy. In the current era of fast food culture, the accuracy and purity of language have repeatedly deteriorated and may disappear in the near future; There is a saying that "dust boils and plants moisten". Any plants that can moisten occasionally wander in ancient books can be regarded as a spiritual journey back to nature. From this point of view, "burying your head in old paper piles" is sometimes not necessarily a bad thing.

However, when I turned to the chapter about ancient times, I was a little surprised: Su Like Dongpo, a great writer, was so naive when he made political comments! Only after reading the article "King Wu is not a saint" can we know that it is "pedantic". After all, it is a scholar's physique, and his literary spirit is too heavy. Ancient idealists often ran into a wall in reality and always borrowed a pen to complain, but this complaint was not up to standard, but it made future generations laugh.

Since the pre-Qin period, most of the aesthetic achievements of China's classical literature are comparable to those of the West (even surpassing the West in some areas, which is my humble opinion), but it still lacks some tolerance and pattern. The reason is that it has been circling in the Confucian world outlook and value system. Even the most resourceful and knowledgeable group of Homo sapiens rarely broke through this restriction (except Wei and Jin figures). Theoretically, they are loyal to the monarch and patriotic, governing the country and reassuring the people, and all roads lead to the same goal. Although the expectation of "To Your Majesty, Yao Shun" is great and beautiful, it is a mirage after all. This dream has been done for thousands of years, and it is still irrefutable. The Confucian heart is sincere. If you ask me, the concept of Utopia originated in China.

The ancients had a "world outlook" since ancient times, but the scope of this "world outlook" seems to cover only the land of China and its surrounding areas. As for the unreachable territory, arrogant and pragmatic China people will not provoke it. The long-term inheritance of this ethos makes it impossible for our spiritual soil to breed literature with "world-wide" significance; Scholars cultivated by Confucian "official-oriented" culture from generation to generation have long unconsciously become cooperation tools within the imperial system. Zhou Zuoren inspected China's classical literature in his early years to see how many works were worthy of "human literature". As a result, there are very few stars in the voluminous classics (Dream of Red Mansions should be counted as one). The lack of humanistic spirit has always been the fatal wound of Chinese civilization. In modern times, it was under the contrast of western civilization that we suddenly felt that our interest had declined.

Perilla can be described as virtuous and talented, but it can't be exempted from customs. Looking at his article "Tang Xue asks Pan Nailao", it is obviously vacillating between "being an official after China's entry into WTO" and "retiring after birth", and it is still difficult to make a decision. "Double cultivation of Confucianism and Taoism" is just a decent statement. The truth is, you can't think of Confucianism, so you can only practice Taoism to pay homage. Fortunately, there have been many such people for thousands of years, otherwise our literary history is really too depressed.

I recommend it carefully.