Word-making methods of new words in Ming Dynasty

There have been many discussions on the word formation methods of new words in academic circles. As far as the author is concerned, Li Rulong's paper "The Derivation and Evolution of Chinese Vocabulary" and Liu Shuxin's monograph "Chinese Descriptive Lexicology" are particularly incisive. Li Rulong pointed out that the way of vocabulary derivation refers to the way of creating new words. Since ancient times, the formulas derived from Chinese vocabulary can be roughly divided into four categories, namely, sound and meaning, morpheme synthesis, grammatical analogy and rhetorical transformation. This paper makes a detailed analysis of the occurrence, development and evolution of Mr. Li. Four word formation methods. Liu Shuxin proposed that what kind of language materials should be used to make words should be the first classification standard of word formation. Drawing on the previous research ideas and observing a large number of new words, the author thinks that the word-making methods of new words in Ming Dynasty can be divided into two categories: phonetic word-making and morpheme synthesis word-making. In addition, according to the special way of some new words in Ming Dynasty, this paper discusses some word-building methods, such as word breaking, rhetoric, abbreviation, isomorphism analogy and so on. 1. Phonetic word formation and morpheme synthesis word formation. 1. Phonetic word formation According to the previous research results, it can be seen that the method of constructing new words by phonetics was prominent in ancient Chinese, but it tended to decline after the Middle Ages. Li Rulong said: In Middle Chinese, due to the sudden appearance of morpheme synthesis, the mutual development of sound and meaning gradually declined. In Ming Dynasty, a few neologisms were created by phonetic means, mainly by imitating sounds. For example: bald head: the sound of heavy objects falling to the ground. An empty axe fell to the ground. Puzzle: Describe laughter more. Xiaoyu leaned against Yueniang and said, This is Master. Don't kowtow As soon as she lifted the veil, Pan Jinlian seemed to knock her head off. She can't. I can't help laughing. Chen Jing thinks impassability. I can't help laughing. Qi: the sound of breaking. Stop, a thief broke his leg and entered his door. His leg was crooked. Tell me. Chop: Open the door. When the footsteps didn't get up, I could only hear the sound of scratching, and the store door had already opened. Cheeks: describe people's noise. People are talking noisily and listening to the wind, which seems to be a girl's joint. Whisper: Birds sing. The voice of qingluan, the yellow bird whispers. Surfing: the sound of falling objects. Say that finish, the woman and Ximen Qing took off their white silk coat, waved their sleeves and hung out an object. The piano boy pulled him to the ground, only to hear the sound of the waves and something hanging around his waist.

44: Describe the sound made when it stops suddenly. The bitch turned into a turtle son, went to the palace of life and took up the post of divination.

46 grams of dapu: onomatopoeia. The second discount of Jin Ping Mei: Ah! I just sighed. Yuan Lai is my sister's secret advisor. I guessed wrong, I am a cuckoo tongue, and I am a kneeling person. Lipu6: Describe a continuous sound. These drunkards are like chopping vegetables, killing them all together and bleeding everywhere. In fact, they may get hurt! 2 1 In addition to onomatopoeic words, there are a few couplets in new words in the Ming Dynasty, which are also ways to make words by using pronunciation. For example: hesitation: hesitation. Every time the public guest deliberately persuaded repeatedly, he was forcibly taken away; Childe Chu felt uneasy, fearing that he should not be affected until he got the deed.

22 embarrassment: the situation is not normal. Wang Xiucai saw this person embarrassed and hurried down the mountain. 055-790027 Sometimes, it's not embarrassing, it's embarrassing. It also means abnormal. For example, a woman knows what she is and falls into a trap without being punished or embarrassed.

12 The monk said, Lord, this pit is not shameful. Master Bi Feng is a holy monk, and his burial method is different from other monks.

14Ups: a strong man with a fixed site. Everywhere in whistlin

Sanfu Road: What an asshole! Concubines need to get married legally. Is there an uninvited transaction? Tussah: An old wooden wedge used to extract oil. Ebony has a hard personality, so it is taken out of the oil room to make oak. Tie your head with an iron hoop and the hammer falls. Because I am strong, I have suffered this pain.

822. Morpheme synthesis. Morpheme synthesis is the most widely used word formation method in Chinese neologisms in Ming Dynasty. For example: help: help and support. Help, keep and assist. My son refused to help because he didn't. Don't do this. After asking at the counter, he also came to help pay. Coax: coax; Encourage. There are always a dozen people who say that. Seeing that Ximen Qing had money in his hand and was willing to make friends with him, they all coaxed him into playing with money, drinking, whoring and gambling. Leave: Give up. Zhou De lost two brothers in the crowd and walked all the way to the rest of Niupi Street without looking at the tide. Follow-up: investigation. Dude, whether you know it or not, since you know this rumor, why don't you take it seriously? Poison: mean and vicious. Yang Er knew he was going to poison, but later he didn't. I don't have to go to his own home. He also keeps several good family members at home, always on guard against him. Empty retreat: refers to the return of useless guests. Still ignored.