Excuse me: What are the original texts and translations of Yan Zhenqing's Book of Sacrificing Nephews?

Yan Zhenqing's "Sacrifice to the Nephew"

In September of the first year of the Reform Movement of 1898 (the first year of the Reform Movement of 1898), Geng Wushuo, on the 3rd, was the 13th uncle Yin Lu (the great husband), the military envoy, the secretariat of the history, and the captain who arrived without pomp. He founded Hou Zhenqing in Danyang County to pay homage to his dead nephew and give a sacrifice to the spirit of Ji.

However, I am healthy, and I respect the virtues of youth, the ancestral temple Hu Lian, and the court Lan Yu. Every time I comfort someone, I will be happy. What's your plan for beating a thief? Say that the soldiers violated the rules. My father is dedicated, Changshan is a county, and I was also in the plain when I was ordered. My dear friend loves me, better rumor. Now that I'm back, I want to open the door of the earth. As soon as the dirt door is opened, it will run into a lot of trouble. If thieves and ministers are not rescued, the isolated city will be surrounded. When father dies, the nest will be on the egg. God does not regret the disaster, who will poison it? I miss you. How can I redeem myself?

Alas, alas!

I inherited the natural law and moved the grazing river to the mountain pass. The spring is bright and beautiful, and it falls on the long mountain. I am with you, and I am with you. Caressing and urging, shaking the heart and shaking the face. As soon as the days pass, Parr will live in a secluded house. The soul knows that there are no long guests.

Alas, alas!

Shang Xiang!

Yan Zhenqing's Translation of "A Manuscript for Sacrificing a Nephew"

Original: In the first year of Wei Dynasty, the Reform Movement of 1898.

Note: "Wei": auxiliary word, often used at the beginning of a sentence, sometimes used in a sentence. "Gan Yuan": the year number of Hengli, the "first year" of Tang Suzong, is equivalent to 758 AD. "Hundred-day year": A year in a year is also called the year of the year. In ancient times, Jupiter marked a year. The ancients divided the equatorial part of the sky into 12 equal parts, and each equal part was marked with some stars. Jupiter only walks once a year, 12. The number of stars that Jupiter and its branches value every year is called years. The main branch of that year was the reform movement of 1898.

It was in the first year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong (AD 758), and the China calendar was 1898.

Original: Geng Wu in September, Ren Shen on the third day in new york.

Note: The ancients not only marked the year with dead branches, but also marked the month and day with dead branches. The calendar starts from Bingyin and takes sixty months (five years) as a cycle. On auspicious days, Jiazi is also the first day, and 60 days is a cycle. "New Moon": When the moon moves between the earth and the sun and the ground can't be seen, it is called a new moon. Generally, the first day of the lunar calendar is a new moon, and the fifteenth day is hope. It has the meaning of beginning and beginning. This can be interpreted as the third day.

The ninth month of the lunar calendar is Geng Wu, and the third day is Ren Shen.

There are many mistakes in this sentence. First of all, the sentence is wrong, it should be "Geng Wu Shuo September, Ren Shen for three days". The ancients marked the year and day with dry branches, but the month didn't need dry branches. The word "new moon" means the first day of junior high school. On formal occasions, the ancients would add the first day of the month to the date and month for others to calculate. The ancients didn't have brackets, so they attached them directly to the moon characters.

Original text: Uncle XIII, Yin Qing Guanglu (great) husband.

Note: Yan Zhenqing has ten brothers and sisters, and Yan Zhenqing ranks seventh. But he has fifteen half-brothers, and he ranks thirteenth. "Silver blue": refers to silver seal and cyan ribbon. During the Qin and Han dynasties, anyone with a grade of more than 2000 stones could be given a silver ribbon. "Dr. Guanglu": He used to be an official of the doctor. After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he had no fixed position, so he was dismissed as a consultant. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Dr. Guanglu and Dr. Zhang Qing were third-class officials. The word "big" in the original post "Dr. Guanglu" is missing, which is a clerical error.

Uncle 13th (from Yan Jiming), Dr. Guanglu wears a silver seal and a green ribbon.

The official format of the ancients was complicated, but it was not easy to translate. It is better to explain, but it is not smooth to translate into modern Chinese. The same below.

Original: Lingjieshou, Puwai (Prefecture) and Zhou Pu secretariat of military affairs.

Note: "Make it a festival": Add a title to the secretariat. After adding this title, it has the power to kill officials below the intermediate level. "Festival" is the highest realm of festival, followed by "festival" and "fake festival" again. "Secretariat of History": During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Secretariat of History was the highest chief executive of a country. The secretariat is both military and civilian. However, after the Han Dynasty, Guan Jun's authority was actually abolished. So in the Tang Dynasty, it was necessary to add another street to manage the army. After Yan Zhenqing was appointed as the governor of Bozhou, he was appointed as the ambassador of California to show that he was in charge of all military affairs. Therefore, the full name of its State Secretariat is "Jieshou, Zhou Pu Military Department and Zhou Pu were assassinated". The same is true of the secretariats of other countries.

The ambassador was appointed to hold the festival, and Zhou Pu's military was the secretariat of Zhou Pu.

Original: Dewey who got on the light bus and Hou Zhenqing, founder of Danyang County.

Note: "Good and simple" was originally the title of special forces general in Han Dynasty. He was an honorary official in the Tang and Song Dynasties. From Shangzhou to Wu Qiwei * * *, twelve turns were set, and the eighth turn was "Captain without pomp". Seven people arrive without pomp, captain. There is also a captain sitting under the minibus. When People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded is the title of the book. In the Tang Dynasty, the title was divided into nine grades, and the "Founding County Hou" was six grades. Before waiting, it is often named after the county, but the food city is not necessarily supplied by the county. Yan Zhenqing's title of Danyang County was also given to him when he became Zhou Pu.

Yan Zhenqing, in Danyang County, was honored as the captain of the headstrong man and the golden knight.

Note: The word "Yang" in ink is written as "Yang".

Give the spirit of Ji Ming, a good doctor, to the deceased (nephew) with a clear conscience.

Note: "Please (clearly) feel ashamed": Feel, referring to wine, also refers to pouring wine. Please (clear yourself), referring to the meager and cheap alcohol. Shame, discomfort, food (dishes). Modesty refers to ordinary food. Doctor Zanshan: Doctor, there were three levels under the ancient monarch: Qing, doctor and teacher. After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the title of a doctor was a senior official. "Zanshan" is a commendatory term. Yan Jiming, the third son of Yan Gaoqing, served as the liaison between Naifu and Yan Zhenqing, and was killed by An Lushan. See the previous explanation. In the first year of Gan Yuan, he was posthumously awarded the Doctor Zanshan by the imperial court.

Nowadays, thin wine and home cooking are used to sweep away the ghost of Dr. Zanshan's nephew Yan Jiming. The word yue:

"Clear injustice and common shame" explains the mistake. Sake refers to the sake used for sacrifice (filtered wine, which the ancients probably thought was unfiltered turbid wine-containing distiller's grains or other floating objects-used for sacrifice and disrespecting the dead). Modesty refers to all kinds of delicious food. Ordinary is the meaning of many things. This word often appears in ancient sacrificial ceremonies.

In addition, there is a word behind the word "Ling" in the manuscript, which is generally called "Yue" because it is not clear what it is.

Original: Wei Er is quite healthy, young and virtuous. Hu Lian, the ancestral temple, and Lanyu, the terrace, are all comforting.

Note: "Wei": an auxiliary word used at the beginning of a sentence. "Ting (+Sheng)": Outstanding, outstanding. "In the temple": the vessel for offering sacrifices to millet in the temple, which is called Hu in summer and inexpensive in yin. Yan Jiming became an important role in Yanshi ancestral hall. "Orchid Jade in Taichung": Take Lan Zhi (vanilla) Yushu (immortal tree) as a metaphor for people's outstanding children. "Shi Shuo Xin Yu Yan" contains: Xie An asked his nephew, "How can my nephew predict personnel and make it better?" Xie Xuan replied; "For example, Yushu in Lan Zhi wants to go out of the court."

Only you (Ji Ming) are born outstanding, and you have always shown rare virtues among young people. You are like a heavy weapon in my temple, and like herbs and fairy trees growing in our courtyard, which often makes us feel extremely gratified.

Since it has been explained that the word "Wei" is a phrase, it is wrong to translate it into "Wei". In fact, not only Ji Ming, but also Ji Ming's brother Quan Ming is an excellent talent. So it is wrong to say "only". Yushu is actually a metaphor. The tree made of jade is a metaphor for exotic things, which is a bit speculative.

During the Party period, He (he) planned to rebel against thieves and said that soldiers would obey.

Note: "Gu" refers to Fu and Lu. Hey, it means happiness. Valley is the general term for grain. In ancient times, the official salary was based on food, so it could be "idle" on behalf of the land and share the same room. "Tell (soldiers) to obey": Offending obedience with opposition is to launch a rebellion.

I expected (Ji Ming) to be happy and be a good official, but who thought that the rebel (An Lushan) would take the opportunity to provoke and rebel.

Original: My father is dedicated and Changshan is the county. When I was ordered, I was also in the plain.

Your father (Yan Gaoqing) did his best as a prefect in Changshan. I (Yan Zhenqing) was appointed by the imperial court at that time and served as a magistrate in Pingdu (county).

My dear friend loves me, and it is rumored that since I stopped, I opened the earthen door, and the earthen door was opened, with great ferocity.

Note: "give": make it. "return"; Stop, auxiliary word. "Poetry. Qifeng Nanshan: "Stop at home and stop at death." "There are thousands of (open) earth gates": So, yes, so. Tumen, now Jingxing County, Hebei Province, is a strategic place. "Cu": urging and forcing. Awkward.

My dear friend (Gao Qing), out of love for me, please leave me a message (that is, act as a contact). Now that you're back in Changshan, the Tumen Gate is back. After the Tumen Gate was opened, the prestige of the fierce rebel (An Lushan) was greatly reduced.

The word "then" here is indeed "yes, then", but it is only in chronological order and has no causal relationship. It was not because Ji Ming returned to Tumen that Tumen won the victory.

Original: Thieves and ministers are not saved, and the city is surrounded. As soon as father died, the nest fell.

Note: "Thieves and ministers don't save": As mentioned above, it means that after Yan Gaoqing recovered Tumen, he sent Quan Ming to Chang 'an to report good news and ask for help, but Wang Yincheng of Taiyuan robbed him, and he rallied his troops and didn't save him. Three sentences in Fortress Besieged: An Lushan returned to Changshan, Yan Gaoqing was helpless, and finally the city was broken and captured. Killed, Yan family and Yan Gaoqing successively. It leads to the tragic ending of "there are eggs in the nest under the complex (overlapping) nest"

The thief (king) didn't help the soldiers, which led to the siege of Gushan (Changshan). His father (Yan Gaoqing) and his son (Yan Jiming and his family) were killed one after another. It seems that a bird's nest has been pushed down from the tree. Birds' eggs will naturally break, and there will be finished eggs there!

What is said here is not very accurate. The fact is that after Ji Ming was captured, he was indomitable and shouted for the enemy to surrender. In a rage, the thief cut off his head. Later, he threatened Gao Qing's other family members. Gao Qing was unmoved and kept shouting and cursing. But he was not killed at that time, but was moved to a place and then dismembered. It is clearly said here that "the father is trapped and the son is dead", the son is dead, and the father is not. The author is careless.

Original: The world (does not) regret the disaster, who will poison it! I miss you. How can I redeem myself? Alas!

Note: "Poisoning": tea refers to bitter vegetables, and poison refers to poisonous insects. Press: These two sentences seem to be a metaphor for the success or failure of the imperial court and improper employment. "Li"; Encounter. "Alas": a sigh for the dead. Alas, it means to sigh. Sorrow: Sorrow. Ah: auxiliary words, expressing exclamation. I saw Zuo Zhuan for the first time. Sixteen years of mourning. Kong Qiu died.

Translation: Oh, my God! Don't you feel remorse in the face of such a tragic disaster? Who created this disaster? Remember that you (Ji Ming) suffered this kind of mutilation (after being killed, only your head was left, but your body was lost). How do you redeem your real body with a hundred bodies? Alas!

The author's comments are actually somewhat subjective. I can't see this meaning from the text. Even metaphor means that the imperial court indirectly hurt Ji Ming and his son, not their success or failure or improper employment.

Original: I (I) inherited Tianze and moved to the mouth of the pastoral river. If the spring is bright, sink into Changshan again, take your first shot and we will come back together.

Note: Heguan: Heguan. This refers to Zhou Pu, when Yan Zhenqing was transferred to Zhou Pu for secretariat. He said in Xie Shangbiao, the Secretariat of Zhou Pu: "The land of Honshu is the capital of Yao and Shun. It can be seen that this place has been an important pass since ancient times. " Than "; Close. "Cloud": originally refers to Platanus acerifolia, which is mostly used to make coffins, and here refers to coffins. The first urn: refers to the "child" coffin with the head: this. The word "trap" in the original text is a mistake, and it should be the word "zhi".

Thank God, I was sent to Zhou Pu Heguan as a shepherd. Relatives Chunming went to Changshan again, took the coffin with the head and came back together.

"Bizhe" means recently, and the author interprets it as "close person", separated by thousands of miles. This sentence should actually be an eight-character sentence, "Spring is brighter than other homes to Changshan", because there are four sentences in front, and it is understandable that it is so broken here. It is reported that Duke Lu sent Quan Ming to look for the remains of Ji Ming's father and son and their families. As a result, Ji Ming only found the head, but the body disappeared. Gao Qing's limbs were secretly hidden by just people, and Quan Ming also went to see him.

Original: touch and destroy it, shake your heart and shake your face!

Pensions and thoughts are overwhelming, and great grief makes the soul tremble and the face turns pale.

"Caring for a person's thoughts" means love and care, which is interpreted here as providing for the aged, and thoughts are arbitrary. The author of the word "destroy scissors" doesn't know what it is. Destroy the meaning of sadness, such as "Mother's great sorrow destroys" and: destroy the heart (sadness) in Peacock Flying Southeast. Very sad); Destruction (sadness); Destruction (extreme pain); Broken (extremely sad), etc. Cut means deep, deep. I'm afraid it's not appropriate to interpret it as an emergency. Destruction and cutting may also be variants of destruction.

Original: Fangyi is far away, and Parr is a secluded house. The soul knows that there are no long guests.

Note: Haunted House: A house in the underworld. It refers to the grave.

Please wait for a distant day and choose a good cemetery. If your soul knows, please don't complain about being a guest here for a long time.

A distant day refers to a day ten days later, but as a distant day, it means good, but the tone seems inappropriate. There seems to be procrastination in it. The original meaning of divination refers to divination, because the ancient people chose the cemetery by relying on Mr. Yin and Yang Feng Shui to calculate. But later it generally refers to choice. Such as Buzhai and Lin Bu. Well, it means to sigh, but when it is interpreted as complaining, it has no meaning.

Original: alas! Shangyi

Note: Shangyi; Enjoy it. It also means entertaining guests with wine and food. This refers to the hope that the deceased can enjoy these sacrifices when offering them.

Translation: alas! Please enjoy these sacrifices!

Shang Yi also wrote Shang Xiang. Used in the old days as the end of eulogy, expressing the hope that the dead can come and enjoy the sacrifice. Erie Li Shiyu: "When I died, I said, I am sorry for my son, and I will be with you in the future. Shangyi! Zheng Xuan's note: "Business, too. "In other words, it still means hope.

Complete translation:

In the first year of Tang Suzong (lunar calendar 1898), on the third day of September (the first day of this month is the day), thirteen uncles (surname), Dr. Yin, Shi Lu, Zhou Pu military attache, Zhou Pu secretariat, Shanghai reckless captain and Danyang County founder Yan Zhenqing were posthumously awarded as Dr. Sake. Sacrificial words: (Ji Ming) You have been excellent since you were a child, and you have always shown excellent virtues. You are like Hu Lian in our ancestral temple in Yan Jia, and you are like vanilla and Yushu growing in our yard, which often makes us feel extremely gratified. I expected to be a good official, but who thought that the thief would take the opportunity to provoke rebellion. Your father did his best to be the magistrate of Changshan. At that time, I was also appointed governor of the plain by the court. My dear friend, out of love for me, please give me a message. Now that you have returned to Changshan, the earth gate has been taken back. After the earth gate was opened, the fierce rebellion was greatly reduced. The thief (king) didn't help the soldiers, which led to the siege of Gucheng (Changshan), the capture of his father and the killing of his son. There are no eggs under the cover of the nest! Since God does not regret causing such a tragic disaster, who can blame for this disaster? Remember that you have suffered such an injury. (a) even if it is a hundred bodies, how can I redeem your whole body? Alas! I am now favored by the current emperor and sent to Heguan (Zhou Pu) as a shepherd. Some time ago, Quan Ming went to Changshan again. Now I have brought back the coffin with your head. Love makes me sad, and great sadness makes my heart tremble and change color. Please wait a few days and choose a good cemetery for you one day. If there is knowledge under the spring, don't sigh, stay here for a long time. Alas! Shang Xiang!