What is the name of the emperor's dragon robe?

The emperor's robes are also called dragon robes and auspicious clothes.

The emperor's robe Also known as dragons. Because the robe is embroidered with dragon patterns, it is named. It is characterized by collar, right neck and yellow color. In addition, the dragon robe also refers to the dragon chapter dress worn by ancient emperors. During the Wude period in Tang Gaozu, subjects were forbidden to wear yellow clothes, and yellow robes became the exclusive clothing of the royal family. Since then, it has been followed as a system. In 960, Zhao Kuangyin became emperor by mutiny, so the dragon robe was nicknamed the yellow robe. All kinds of dragon emblem patterns on dragon robes have changed throughout the ages. The number of dragons is generally nine: three before and after, left and right shoulders 1, and front 1, so five before and after, which is consistent with the Ninth Five-Year Plan. In the Qing Dynasty, dragon robes were also embroidered with "water feet" (patterns of water waves and rocks in the hem and other parts), symbolizing the unity of mountains and rivers.

Coronation map, coronation map and nude map of the Han emperor (refer to written records and the restoration and drawing of pottery figurines unearthed from the Han tomb in Jinan, Shandong Province and portrait stones unearthed from the Han tomb in Yinan). This picture was restored and drawn according to literature records and pattern data. The patterns on clothes are mostly brick paintings, lacquer paintings, silk paintings and portrait bricks of the same period. The crown is a ceremonial crown worn by the courtiers of ancient emperors when attending sacrificial ceremonies. Used as sacrificial clothing for emperors, princes, etc. At the top of the crown, there is a rectangular crown plate behind the front circle, and the "crown" is hung on the front and back of the crown plate.

According to the difference of quantity and material, crown is an important symbol to distinguish between noble and noble. According to the Han dynasty, the emperor's crown is twelve (twelve rows), made of jade. The color of the crown is mainly black. On both sides of the crown, there is a hole for inserting jade pieces to tie them with the bun. Tie ribbons on both sides of the quilt and tie them under the jaw. On the two ears of the ribbon, there is also a pearl jade, named "Yuner". Don't put it in your ear, just tie it to your ear to remind the wearer not to listen to rumors. Later generations "allow the ear not to smell" came from this. According to the regulations, anyone who wears a crown must wear a crown suit. The coronation suit is decorated with a mysterious coat and a scarlet bottom, with chapters on the top and bottom. In addition, there are kneepads, swords, Chiba and so on. Form a complete set of clothes. This dress system began in the Zhou Dynasty, went through the Han, Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties, and lasted for more than two thousand years until the Qing Dynasty.

Dragon robe is a dress worn by ancient emperors when attending celebrations. According to "Suzhou Official Records" (volume 147), in the 29th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 160 1), eunuch Sun Long went to Suzhou as a tax supervisor and supervised the production of the dragon robe. 1957, among the unearthed cultural relics excavated in Dingling of the Ming Tombs in Beijing, there was a silk robe. Because the embroidery pattern on the dragon robe is mainly dragon, it is named.

The room of the robe is bright yellow, and the collar and sleeves are stone blue with gold edges. Embroidered with 12 trapped dragon, sun, moon, stars, mountains, dragons, China insects (different names for pheasants), Zong Yi (long-tailed monkey statue), seaweed (colored plate with jade cushion), fire (light and flame when an object burns), powder (white or colored powder embroidered on clothes in ancient times) and rice (ancient times). White and blue patterns on ancient dresses), and the rest are evenly arranged patterns of "Ruyi Head", "Bat" and "Equal" symbolizing wealth. There are nine dragons embroidered on the robe, and there are five-color clouds between them. There are 1 straight dragons in the front and back of the collar, 1 straight dragons in the front and back of the knees, and 1 straight dragons in the sleeves. The next picture shows Babel standing on the water, with lapels open on the left and right, made of cotton, cotton, yarn and wool, each with its own era. Dragon robes are only worn by emperors, and other officials are not allowed to wear them. They can only be worn by the emperor himself, but they must be "picked up" to show the difference. In the Ming Dynasty, the reformed robes, called embroidered robes, became the official clothes of the Ming Dynasty.

The choice of robe color is very researched and very strict. The color used by ancient people is not only the need of human nature, but also the symbol of a race or tribe. In ancient Paleolithic caves, people dyed robes with hematite. In Xia Dynasty, they advocated black, in Zhou Dynasty, in Han Dynasty, red and black, and in the robes worn by China Emperor Liu Heng for the first time, yellow. From then on, yellow was regarded as the noblest and symbolized the central government for a long time. So this trend continued until the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The colors of the ""pattern on the dragon robe are composed of pale moon white, pinyue and plain blue, and the "bat" has several colors such as vermilion, bordeaux, crimson, incense and bronze. "Ruyitou" consists of bright blue, moonlight, navy blue, pink, pink, bordeaux and snow ash.

The costumes of the emperors in the Qing Dynasty were divided into royal clothes, auspicious clothes, regular clothes and traveling clothes. When wearing a dragon robe, you must wear an auspicious dress crown, tie an auspicious dress belt and hang beads. The robe is mainly bright yellow, with round neck, big right chest, horseshoe sleeves and buttons. The work of robes can be divided into embroidery and silk reeling, among which the silk reeling process is relatively complicated, which is technically called "joining warp and breaking weft". This reeling technology has been circulating in China for a long time. It was mainly used for other decorations in the Song Dynasty and for clothing in the Qing Dynasty. Later, because the silk reeling technology took too long working hours, it was mostly used for dragon robes.

In ancient times, the position of the emperor and the king was called the Ninth Five-Year Plan. The number nine or five is usually a symbol of nobility. Nine golden dragons were embroidered on the robes of the Qing emperor, one on the chest, one on the back, two on the front and back, one on the left and right shoulders and one on the right inside. When you look at each dragon robe from the front or the back, you can see five dragons, which coincides with the number of the Ninth Five-Year Plan.

There are many oblique curves at the hem of the robe, which are called "water feet". Below the foot of the water, the waves are rolling, and there are strange stones and treasures standing on the water waves, commonly known as "seawater cliff", which not only expresses endless auspicious meaning, but also means "unifying mountains and rivers" and "eternal peace"

In addition to the dragon pattern, there are twelve chapters on the robe, including the sun, moon and stars, mountains, dragons, insects, cockroaches and cockroaches. The other four kinds of seaweed, fire, Zong Yi and rice flour are on the dress, with five-color auspicious clouds and bats. They stand for different meanings, "the sun, the moon and the stars receive their light;" Seize the town from the mountain; The dragon carries its changes; China insects can draw from their texts; Zong Yi with his filial piety; Algae take its cleanliness; Fire takes its light; Powder rice is taken from it; If it is axe-shaped, take it off; Because two people are opposites, take their arguments. These patterns with different meanings are decorated on the emperor's clothes, indicating that the emperor shines like the sun, moon and stars. As a dragon, you should be taught by machines and be good at change; Like mountains, clouds and rain, the town is heavy; Such as the color of Chinese worms, civilization has virtue; For example, Zong Yi has the wisdom of knowing depth and the virtue of going forward bravely; Such as algae, washed away by water, fresh and clean; Such as flame, hot weather; Such as pink rice, for human survival, for all things to rely on; Cut decisively like an axe; The two are opposite, and the monarch and the minister help each other. "In short, these twelve chapters contain the ultimate virtue.

The identification of dragon robes in Qing dynasty mainly includes three aspects: workmanship, fabric and pattern. First of all, the work of the robes is quite fine, and the thread used is not the usual gold thread or silk thread, especially the silk reeling process is difficult to imitate at present. Secondly, most of the production of court clothes and fabrics in Qing Dynasty came from the Third Weaving Bureau of Jiangnan, namely Jiangning Weaving Bureau, Suzhou Weaving Bureau and Hangzhou Weaving Bureau, and very few of them were woven by Beijing Weaving and Dyeing Bureau. Jiangning (Nanjing) is good at weaving gold makeup and Japanese satin; Suzhou has the best silk reeling and embroidery skills; Lake silk has the best quality, such as twill, silk, spinning, crepe, silk, etc., mostly woven in Hangzhou. Finally, the pattern and position on the robe must not be wrong. Most of these patterns are limited to the emperor's clothing, and it is impossible for other royal palaces and nobles to have such patterns, so patterns are the best way to identify dragon robes.

The role of dragon robe

Dragon robes, also known as auspicious clothes, are clothes worn by emperors in general ceremonies. Emperor drama B is divided into formal clothes, auspicious clothes, regular clothes and traveling clothes. Dress, that is, imperial robe, should be worn at grand ceremonies such as three festivals and big sacrifices; Wear clothes when traveling, do things in the palace, receive visitors, etc. Wear official clothes; For general ceremonies, such as the emperor's own farming, labor, feeding, banquets, birthdays, princess weddings and other occasions, they all wear dragon robes.

The emperor's pro-agriculture belongs to Zhongsi, "Ji Chun helps the sea, and enjoys agriculture first", "Those who enjoy agriculture first, cultivate what they do". Farming is held every spring on the day when Ji Hai offered sacrifices to the Xiannongtan. The emperor either ploughed or sent officials to pay tribute ... When the ceremony of ploughing was played in the ceremony, it was written in the fragment that the emperor offered the first farm altar and intended to serve the temple with robes. From plowing land and accompanying deacons, it is easy to embroider robes to make up for the service ... "("Qing Palace Museum ",the following quotation is the same). The emperor also granted the seal, "Run the general, set the seal in the south of the East Pavilion of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, and the cabinet bachelor played the seal. The rest of the furniture is neatly arranged. After the generals and officials were recruited, the emperor's royal robes and royal robes were taken to the Royal Hall of Supreme Harmony as soon as they arrived in Dan. After the whip sounded, the running general stood up from the East Order and stood in the east and north of Dan's position ... "Old Shi," General Ben, divisions and brigades will enter the city, and courtiers will all go out to meet the old ... Assistant Minister Shangshu of the Ministry of Rites invited the emperor to take his robe out of the palace, and the following Taoist officials knelt down to send him, drive the future and sing a song.