What geographical things does the globe represent?

What geographical things are represented by globes? The introduction is as follows:

On the globe, people use different color symbols and characters to represent the distribution of various geographical things on the earth's surface.

For example, people use different color symbols and characters to represent the location, shape and names of geographical things such as land, sea, mountains, rivers and lakes, countries and cities.

A globe is a model of the earth. Globe is to facilitate people to understand the earth, people imitate the shape of the earth, according to a certain proportion, made the model of the earth-globe. There are deformations in length, area, direction and shape on the globe, so it is almost correct to observe the relationship between various scenes from the globe.

European globe

The earliest existing globe in the world was invented and made by German navigator and geographer Behaim in 1492, and now it is kept in Nuremberg Museum. 1480, when Behaim (1459 ~ 1507) visited Portugal for the first time as a Flemish businessman, he claimed to be a student of Nuremberg astronomer Miller, so he became a navigation consultant of John II. At that time, navigators used astrolabes to measure the heights of the sun, moon and stars to calculate time and latitude.

He may have initiated the replacement of wooden astrolabes with brass. He may have sailed to the west coast of Africa with D Kao (1485 ~ 1486). 1490 After returning to Nuremberg, with the help of the painter Glocken Dong, he began to draw a globe designed by him. 1492, a globe with a diameter of 20 inches was completed.

Because this globe is made according to the map in Ptolemy's Geographic Guide, the terrain of the world is not accurate and outdated. On this globe, the Indian Ocean is an ocean extending from east to west, especially on the west coast of Africa. The number of errors is really amazing. Interestingly, however, the globe he drew on the eve of the discovery of North America provided some useful geographical concepts for people at that time.

The process of making early globes was as follows: first, long and narrow triangular wooden blocks were printed, and then these wooden blocks were cut out and stuck on wooden balls. The most famous German globe maker is the Nuremberg scholar Joan Hann Schoner. The two globes he made in the early16th century have been preserved to this day.