Why is Zhu Yuanzhang's strategy of slowly becoming king the best?

Why did Zhu Yuanzhang's strategy of slowly becoming king play a high role?

The Mongols won the world on horseback, and they also tried to rule the world on horseback. After the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, the rulers implemented a policy of ethnic discrimination, and divided China people into four classes, with Mongolians and Semu people ranking first, while Han people and southerners were exploited and oppressed. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Han people and southerners rose up, and the Red Scarf Army uprising spread all over the country.

Zhu Yuanzhang kept a clear head when the leaders of the rebel army claimed hegemony in succession. He adopted the strategy of slowly becoming king, taking the Red Scarf Army in the north as his own barrier. Then, go west first, then go east. Finally, they invaded the Central Plains and drove out the Tatars. Zhu Yuanzhang managed the army in an orderly way and used his troops like gods. Mao Zedong commented: Since ancient times, there has been no one like Li Shimin, followed by Zhu Yuanzhang.

Enlightenment from the success or failure of peasant uprising: Han southerners were oppressed and rebelled.

As early as the early Han Dynasty, Confucian scholar Lu Jia explained to Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang that it was necessary to follow the trend immediately, instead of treating it immediately. Since then, the founding kings of successive dynasties have followed this law in order to achieve long-term stability in the world. In the Yuan Dynasty, the arrogant Mongolian rulers did not accept China's idea of governing the country. They won the world on horseback and tried to rule the world on horseback.

After Kublai Khan destroyed the Southern Song Dynasty and unified the whole country, he continued to fight militarily, and successively launched wars against Japan, Zhancheng, Annan, Myanmar and Java, all of which ended in failure. Although Kublai Khan himself showed no signs of racism, he gradually alienated the Han Confucian scholars and bureaucrats who played an important role in the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty in his later years. His successors stepped up their efforts to divide the people of the whole country into four groups: the first group was Mongolian; Second, semu people; The third category is South Korea; The fourth group is southerners. Man-made racial and class contradictions have oppressed and exploited the Han people and southerners with low status.

During Zheng Zheng's rule in Yuan Shundi, the government increased taxes, issued paper money indiscriminately, corrupt officials were tyrannical, landlords were tyrannical, and serious natural disasters occurred one after another, which made farmers who lost their land homeless and rose up in succession. Small-scale peasant riots spread all over the country, and the insurgents were mostly Han Chinese and southerners. In the face of human resistance to the United States, the only way for Mongolian rulers is to suppress them by force. The Prime Minister of the Yuan Dynasty and others put forward the idea of exterminating the five surnames of the Han people, namely Zhang, Wang, Liu, Li and Zhao, and reiterated that the Han people were not allowed to hold weapons and prohibit unarmed, which aroused the collective resistance consciousness of the Han people.

At that time, there was a nursery rhyme circulating in the Yellow River valley: a one-eyed stone man incited the Yellow River to be against the world. Because the Yellow River is scheduled for four or eleven years, Yuan Shundi appointed Jia Lu as the general of Hewei, and recruited 150,000 migrant workers from the Capital of Song Dynasty and Daming 13th Road to serve in the Yellow River. When repairing the Yellow River, migrant workers dug up a one-eyed stone man in Huanglinggang, with an eye engraved on his back. This thing goes against the sky in two lines, echoing the nursery rhymes circulating at that time. After the news came out, the people in the Yellow River Basin were in chaos.

In May of the 11th year, leaders of the Han school and others took the opportunity to create chaos in the world, claiming that Han was the eighth grandson, the Mongols were driven away, and China was the main one. They gathered 3000 people, led by t.

Twelve years, Dingyuan people Guo Zixing and Sun Deya captured Haozhou and responded to Liu Futong. Xiao County people sesame plum, captured Xuzhou, Yuan army was defeated by Xu Shouhui. In September of the same year, Yuan Prime Minister Togtoh led an army to attack Xuzhou, and Sesame Li was defeated. Then Zhao led Yu Zhong to Haozhou to meet him.

Before the Liu Futong Uprising, Fang Guozhen had been ruling the Uprising in eastern Zhejiang for eight years. His rebel army was mainly active at sea, taking advantage of weakness to attack Wenzhou. The leaders of Timur, Yuan, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces led troops to suppress and were defeated. Fang Guozhen later surrendered to the Yuan Dynasty.

In the 13th year of Jian 'an, Zhang Shicheng, a native of Taizhou, rose up. Zhang Shicheng, who is engaged in water transportation, is generous and won the hearts of all generations. Because he sells salt to the rich, he is often bullied by the rich and even refuses to pay. Zhang Shicheng then led his troops to capture Taizhou, Xinghua and Gaoyou. Self-proclaimed king of honesty, Jianyuan God bless, and the title of Zhou. Later, Zhang Shicheng also accepted the official name of the Yuan Dynasty.

In February of the fifteenth year of Jackie, Liu Futong found out the whereabouts of Han Liner and made him emperor. Formerly known as Wang Xiaoming, it was named Da Song, changed to Yuan Longfeng, and its capital was Bozhou. The Red Scarf Army in all parts of the Central Plains accepted the leadership of Dasong. In seventeen years, he divided his troops and cut Yuan in three ways. East Road, under the command of Mao, occupied Shandong; The leaders are Zhong Guanguan, Broken Head Pan and Feng Changjiu. Attacking Shanxi and Hebei and heading for Saibei; Led by Xin, Dao ao and Li Xixi, they attacked Guanzhong. At the same time, Liu Futong led the elite troops to capture the capital of song dynasty and won.

When the Red Scarf Army won and gained momentum, the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty sent experts Chahan Timur and Li Siqi to suppress the rebellion. In eighteen years, Chahan Timur divided his troops to guard Guanshan, Jingzhou, Heluo, Jianghuai and other places, and implemented the strategy of divide and rule against the insurgents. In nineteen years, Chahan Tiemu captured the capital of song dynasty, and Hanhe retreated to Anfeng. At this time, the commander-in-chief of the East Route Army Mao Gui was killed by his subordinate Zhao Junyong, and Zhao Junyong was killed by Xu Jizu. Chahan Timur took advantage of the chaos to capture Shandong. The rebel stronghold was captured, the East Road fell, and the other two roads ran aground and failed one after another. In twenty-three years, Zhang Shicheng captured an Feng and killed Liu Futong.

The Red Scarf Army led by Xu Shouhui also experienced civil strife. After Peng Yingyu's death, Ni Wenjun attempted to murder Xu Shouhui and fled to Huangzhou. Attacked to death by his subordinate Chen Youliang. Later, Chen Youliang killed Xu Shouhui, became an independent emperor, and got a title. Ming Yuzhen, the general of Xu Shouhui, occupied Sichuan. Because he refused to accept the leadership of Chen Youliang, he proclaimed himself emperor in Chongqing in 23 years, with the title of Xia and Jiantong.

Zhu Yuanzhang played Poyang Lake in Chen Youliang.

When Guo Zixing held high the banner of righteousness in Haozhou to respond to Liu Futong, Zhu Yuanzhang, a Zhongli native of Haozhou, was becoming a monk in Huang Jue Temple. At that time, he wanted to avoid the disaster of war, so he made a divination in front of the statue. The results show that it is unlucky to stay or stay. He said to himself, what's the big deal? Then he divined again, and the result showed that he was lucky. In March of the 12th year of Zheng Zheng, Zhu Yuanzhang was overjoyed and joined the Red Scarf Army in Guo Zixing. Guo Zixing was so strange that he appointed him as the commander of Qin Bing and married his adopted daughter Ma Shi.

Zhu Yuanzhang kept the American military strategy in his chest. Whenever Guo Zixing attacks, he will fight and seek, and he will try his best to win. 13 years, Zhu Yuanzhang saw that the rebel generals in Haozhou were plundering daily affairs, knowing that the climate could not be achieved, and decided to take Chu Yang with 24 people including Xu Da, Tanghe and Huayun. 14 years, Zhu Yuanzhang had 3,000 militiamen in Donkey Village, who raided the Yuan Army in Hengjian Mountain at night and won 20,000 soldiers. Then C.

At that time, Zhu Yuanzhang only occupied Yingtianfu and its surrounding areas, with Han Liner and Liu Futong in the north, Zhang Shicheng in the east, Xu Shouhui in the west and Yuan Army in the south, all of which were better than Zhu Yuanzhang. In the face of strong neighbors from all directions, Zhu Yuanzhang accepted the advice of Confucian scholar Zhu Sheng, built high walls, extensively accumulated grain, and gradually became king. He built water conservancy projects, reclaimed wasteland, developed production, stored grain and grass and built base areas. Concentrate on Zhang Shicheng and Xu Shouhui, who are his enemies in the East and the West. At the same time, Zhu Yuanzhang also recruited Liu Ji, Song Lian, Zhang Yi, Ye Chen and other celebrities in eastern Zhejiang.

In May 20, Chen Youliang threatened Xu Shouhui to pacify Zhu Yuanzhang's territory and attacked Zhu Yuanzhang with Zhang Shicheng. Zhu Yuanzhang was attacked on both sides. He asked Liu Ji if he had any good ideas. Liu Ji replied: Shicheng defended itself and there is nothing to worry about. Today, friends are robbing the Lord. In my opinion, it is better to find out first. Chen's fall and Zhang's loneliness can be decided at one stroke. Then go north to the Central Plains, and Wang Ye will succeed. Zhu Yuanzhang was ecstatic and decided to hit Chen Youliang first. Soon, Chen Youliang killed Xu Shouhui, who claimed to be the emperor of Dahan, and launched an attack on heaven. Zhu Yuanzhang defeated Chen Youliang, led the army to counterattack, and successively conquered Raozhou, Anqing and Hongdu. In the 23rd year, Zhu Yuanzhang led an army of 200,000 and Chen Youliang, known as the army of 600,000, fought a decisive battle against Poyang Lake. The two armies fought for 36 days, and Chen Youliang was shot dead by a flowing arrow. Zhu Yuanzhang won. The following year, David Li Chen, son of Chen Youliang, surrendered.

After Chen Youliang was destroyed, Zhu Yuanzhang took refuge in Zhang Shicheng. In twenty-seven years, Zhu Yuanzhang surrounded Suzhou, the stronghold of Zhang Shicheng, and Zhang Shicheng hanged himself. Then Zhu Yuanzhang defeated the Yuan Army in Fujian and Guangdong. At the same time, Xu Da was appointed as General Lu, who made a northern expedition to the Central Plains and quickly captured Shandong counties. It occupied Kaifeng in 28 years and conquered the Yuan Dynasty in August. Yuan Shundi fled to Shangdu, and the rule of the Yuan Dynasty was overthrown. After that, it took Zhu Yuanzhang 20 years to destroy the remnants of the Yuan Dynasty and other disobedient peasant insurgents, and unified China.

Success or failure analysis

One of the reasons for Zhu Yuanzhang's success was that he gradually became king to avoid being attacked on all sides.

Fighting for the king is a common problem among the leaders of peasant rebel armies in past dynasties, except for a few cool-headed people. Bobby Chen didn't. He didn't listen to Zhang Er and Chen Yu's advice and became king prematurely, which led to internal division. The general disobeyed orders and was divided by Qin Jun.

Most of the leaders of the peasant uprising army at the end of Yuan Dynasty also made this mistake. Liu Futong pushed the son of the Han people who claimed to be the eighth generation to the throne of the emperor, which was conducive to calling on the Han people in the world to resist the Yuan Dynasty, but at the same time made the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty point their finger at the Red Scarf Army in the north. Although the military strength of the Yuan Dynasty was not as good as that of the Republic of China at the beginning of the People's Republic of China, Mongolian soldiers were still very effective. In addition, the Red Scarf Army in the north was active in the Central Plains and the north, posing a direct threat to the Yuan Dynasty. The rulers of the Yuan Dynasty had to deal with the Red Scarf Army in the north, which made the Red Scarf Army in Liu Futong bear the weight of the Yuan Army almost alone.

Other rebel leaders, such as Xu Shouhui, Zhang Shicheng, Chen Youliang and Ming. Become a king and establish your own regime. Under the premise that the enemy is as strong as a forest and the conditions for being king are not yet met, this is obviously unwise, and the result of being king will only attract more opponents. Xu Shouhui, Chen Youliang and Zhang Shicheng were killed or destroyed successively. The Ming dynasty occupied remote Sichuan in the earthquake, which was only temporary security. After the death of Li Zhen in Ming Dynasty, although his successor was desperate, he could not resist the powerful Ming army and had to surrender.

At this time, Zhu Sheng PR.

At first, the Northern Red Scarf Army led by Han Liner and Liu Futong was huge. Rebels from all over the country responded to Liu's call and beat the Yuan army out of the water. Then the capital was built in Bianliang, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the soldiers were divided into three ways to cut the yuan. The East Route Army was once as powerful as the Yuan Dynasty. This strategy is nothing more than occupying more territory and overthrowing the rule of the Yuan Dynasty as soon as possible. However, it backfired. Far from achieving the expected strategic goal, the Northern Red Scarf Army was defeated by the Yuan Army.

The Red Scarf Army led by Xu Shouhui also occupied many places, but all the generals had no ambition, so that they could not keep profits. Chen Youliang is insidious and cunning. Although he can fight, his strategy and tactics are far less brilliant than Zhu Yuanzhang's. Besides, God didn't help him. He was defeated by Zhu Yuanzhang in the Poyang Lake War. Since Zhang Shicheng occupied Wudong, he has never made progress and indulged in pleasure and politics. No wonder Liu Ji said he had strong self-control.

Among the many leaders of peasant rebels at that time, Zhu Yuanzhang's military ability in the United States was unparalleled. When he first joined the rebels, his talents were valued by Guo Zixing. Later, attacking Chuyang, Zhou Ke and Hezhou all came from his strategy. When the Poyang Lake War was about to begin, Zhu Yuanzhang saw that Chen Youliang's ship was very big, so he said to the generals: Peter and Chen's ship are connected end to end, which is not conducive to advance and retreat, but it can be broken. He decided to take the tactics of fire attack. When it was decided to eradicate Zhang Shicheng's forces, Xiahou _ faction of Zhu Yuanzhang first won Gaoyou and Huai 'an controlled by Zhang Shicheng, and other factions moved eastward to Huzhou, Jiaxing and Hangzhou to wipe out Zhang Shicheng's main force, and then concentrated superior forces to surround Zhang Shicheng in Suzhou, leaving Zhang Shicheng with nowhere to escape.

Before the Northern Expedition to the Central Plains, Zhu Yuanzhang discussed the marching route with the generals. Chang Yuchun proposed to seize the capital of the Yuan Dynasty, but Zhu Yuanzhang rejected his opinion. He said: The capital of the Yuan Dynasty was built a hundred years ago and will stay there for a long time. If you persist for a long time, you can't break it. If you are trapped in a strong city, you win. I don't pay, and you can't afford it. I can't help it episode 4. You can stop playing if you participate. If you retreat without foundation, it is not for my own benefit. I want to take Shandong first, except its shield; Xuan Shi Henan, break its wings; Pull Tongguan and keep it, according to its household pivot. When the world is under my control and we invade Du Yuan again, we will be helpless and unable to fight. Conquering its capital, beating drums in the clouds and watching dragons in Jiuyuan can sweep it down. Everything will be called good. According to this strategic plan, the Northern Expeditionary Army led by Xu Da quickly occupied Shandong, Henan and other places, and finally entered the Yuan Dynasty, ending the rule of the Mongols.

The third reason for Zhu Yuanzhang's success: strictly administering the army and prohibiting burning, killing and looting.

Zhu Yuanzhang not only has extraordinary military talent, but also has more foresight than other rebel generals in politics. The army he leads is particularly strict in discipline. He repeatedly ordered that civilians and prisoners should not be killed, women and property should not be robbed, and houses should not be burned. Anyone who breaks the rules will be killed without forgiveness.

As early as 14 years ago, Li Shanchang told Zhu Yuanzhang that there was chaos in the Qin Dynasty, and Emperor Gaozu was well dressed, broad-minded, knowledgeable, responsible and not addicted to killing people. Five years later, what the emperor did was uncertain. Zhu Yuanzhang attached great importance to Li Shanchang's reminder and strengthened discipline education in the army. /kloc-in the spring of 0/9, Zhu Yuanzhang occupied Wuzhou and prepared to send generals to attack various roads in eastern Zhejiang. Before leaving, he said to the generals: seize the city by force, and suppress chaos by benevolent government. I'm better than entering Qing Ji. I can't commit a crime without autumn, so I decided at once. Today, it should attach importance to the new branch of Wuzhou Suiyuan, so that folk music can be attached to it. If he doesn't finish the race, he will come back. Every time I hear that the general is going to the next city, I get a county. If I win, I won't kill anyone, so I can be a man.