Which book is Political System of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties?

The political system of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties appeared in the history books (seventh grade of People's Education Edition).

The Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties that are often said now are all enfeoffment systems. In fact, this is an unclear or vague statement about the history of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties. Accurately speaking, Xia and Shang dynasties were internal and external service systems: the areas directly ruled by the royal family were called internal service, while other areas were called external service, and the external service was mainly square (similar to vassal States). And the shadow of ancient tribal alliances. Only Zhou was a feudal system.

First, the political system in Xia and Shang Dynasties

1.2070 years ago, Yu established the first Wang Chaoxia in Chinese history. After his death, his son succeeded to the throne. The abdication system in the late primitive society was replaced by the hereditary system of the throne, and the throne was handed down in the name of a family.

2. After the establishment of Shang Dynasty, the succession of the throne also adopted the hereditary system, which was passed down from generation to generation or from brother to brother.

3. In Xia and Shang Dynasties, there was a set of administrative management system from central to local. The king ordered officials, big and small, to govern the country. During the Shang dynasty, the central government had ministers and dignitaries who participated in the decision-making of the Shang dynasty, fortune tellers, fortune tellers and historians who were responsible for sacrificing and recording the major events of the dynasty, and teachers who were in charge of military power. Local officials were appointed as Hou Bo. They were not only the leaders of Shang Dynasty, but also the senior officials of Shang Dynasty. They regularly paid tribute to the Shang Dynasty.

4. The political system in the early Xia and Shang Dynasties had a direct impact on the patriarchal clan system and the enfeoffment system in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

Second, the enfeoffment system of the Western Zhou Dynasty

1. BC 1046, Zhou Wuwang abolished commerce, established the Zhou Dynasty, and implemented the enfeoffment system. The content is as follows: King Wu distributed a certain amount of land and population to the royal family, heroes and nobles of the previous generation, so that they could establish a vassal state and defend the royal family. Feudal princes must obey the orders of the Zhou Emperor, and princes have the right to defend their territory, obey the war and defend the royal family.

2. The victory of the King of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period was an open challenge to the enfeoffment system.

Third, the patriarchal clan system in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

1. The biggest feature of the patriarchal clan system in the Western Zhou Dynasty is the eldest son inheritance system.

2. The political embodiment of the patriarchal clan system in the Western Zhou Dynasty was the enfeoffment system.