Zhou Wuwang did not destroy the Shang Dynasty. When did the Zhou Dynasty really destroy the Shang Dynasty?

Wechat WeChat official account | Hanshan Spray History Series 130 Text/Figure/Series | Hanshan Yixue 13 years (about BC 1045), died and the young king succeeded to the throne. Zhou Gongdan, the king's uncle, assumed the responsibility of regent. Duke Zhou's regency aroused the dissatisfaction and suspicion of Xian and Cai Shu. On the grounds of managing Cai's land, they openly opposed the Duke of Zhou's regency and even used force to fight with each other. From the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Zhou Dynasty fell into civil strife in the royal family. According to Jin Teng Shang Shu, in order to avoid civil strife in the royal family and maintain the stability of the Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Gongdan gave up the throne of regent and burial place and took refuge in the East. The chronicles of bamboo books also say that in the first year of becoming a king (about 1044 BC), Zhou Wengong lived in the East. The east of here is probably Luoyang basin. Duke Zhou took refuge here, or he might visit Luoyang Basin and choose a suitable place to build the capital of the East. At the same time, the Duke of Zhou can also guard the Luoyang Basin and prevent the two countries from advancing westward. After Guan Cai and Cai's rebellion, half of the commercial countries ruled by Wu Geng lost their surveillance. Shang Zhouwang and Wu Geng immediately contacted the pro-business governors in the eastern region, such as Yin State, Pu Hu, and tried to revive the dominance of Shang Dynasty in the world. The Chronicle of Bamboo Records records that "in two years, Yi Men, He was trapped in Thailand and rebelled". In the history books of later generations, Guan Ju's opposition to Duke Zhou's regency was linked with Shang's anti-Zhou, which was described as the connection with Wu Geng's anti-Zhou. But in fact, Guan Shu was rarely stupid enough to ignore the fate of Zhou Guo and openly collude with businessmen to excuse Duke Zhou An. Therefore, it is more likely that Guan Ju first opposed the Duke of Zhou and Wu Geng first opposed Zhou, and the initial anti-Zhou actions were not related. But it's hard to say whether they hooked up later. After Wu Geng's anti-Zhou campaign, the situation between Shang and Zhou Dynasties was a bit like that before King Wu's crusade against Shang Dynasty, but their status was different. Anti-imperialist and anti-symplectic merchant aristocrats were replaced by Wu Geng, anti-Duke of Zhou Cai Shu was replaced, and Zhou people contacted merchant aristocrats to attack and destroy them, becoming vassals who contacted Zhou people against Zhou. In critical condition, he was recalled to Haojiang to discuss countermeasures with Zhao, Bi and Tai. In the end, Zhou Gongdan served as a surname, calling Gong Yuan Taibao, and King Taigong also led the way. Zhou decided to conquer the "rebels" in the east, and completely conquered Ji and the pro-business princes in Shandong. According to historical records, "autumn lightning brings wind, and Wang rebelled against Zhou Wengong in the suburbs, so he cut Yin". This crusade was the second battle of Zhou merchants. Because the commander-in-chief of this crusade was Zhou Gongdan, it was later called the "Duke of Zhou crusade". Compared with the situation before the conquest of King Wu, the Shang and Zhou Dynasties before the Duke of Zhou's crusade were reversed, but they were not exactly the same. Although the Shang state United against the Duke of Zhou to govern Cai, the pro-Song state did not join the anti-Zhou camp, but continued to stand on the side of the Zhou people. There is a simple reason. If King Shang Wu Geng succeeded in killing Zhou Guo and regaining the position of * * * Lord in the world, then he would lead Zhou people to attack and destroy Wang Shenxin, so that Shang lost the position of * * * Lord in the world and was forced to submit to Zhou Wei and Zi Qi. This is an out-and-out leader. His identity is embarrassing, and more importantly, he will be liquidated by Wu Geng, and the status of Song Gong will be gone. It is precisely because Song did not join the anti-Zhou camp that the pro-business princes such as Anguo in the business area were blocked in the east of Song, and there was no way to directly threaten the Heluo area in the west. Zhou Jun is fully capable of dealing with the Guancai rebels in the northeast of Heluo and the remnants of the Shang army. In the winter of his second year in office (about 1043 BC), Zhou people's army set out again, marching along the same route as the king of Wu. The difference is that after Zhou Shi arrived in Luoyang Basin, he did not cross the Yellow River from Jin Meng to the north, but crossed Songshan Mountain and first attacked Guo Guan (now Zhengzhou) at the foot of Songshan Mountain. Although Guo Guan is a big country to the east of Wang Ji, compared with Julian Waghann in Zhou Dynasty, its strength is still relatively weak. In addition, although the management talent and the residual business are nominally United, they are actually fighting in their own way. Moreover, Guan Yu's army is mainly Zhou people, and fighting with the same family can't inspire Guan Yu's fighting spirit. In the end, Zhou Shi defeated Guan Cai, and Guan Shu was unlikely to be killed or committed suicide, so he was abolished, and the descendants of Xian lost their aristocratic status. On the other hand, Cai Shu was abolished as Shu Ren and exiled to a remote place. Guan Shu's second son was renamed Cai Hou in the middle and late period of becoming king for some reasons, which is another story. After the destruction of Cai, he ascended the throne for three years (about 1042 BC), crossed the Yellow River in the north, and joined forces with the armies of Wen and Tan to crack down on the residual merchants. Before the attack, Zhou People's Army occupied the east and controlled the Yellow River ferry in the east, blocking the contact between merchants such as Xuan and Xu in Sishang area in the east and other countries. Subsequently, the army marched on the Shang kings. Because of Zhou Shi's circuitous tactics, Wang Shangwu could not get in touch with Lu, nor could he compete with Zhou Jun on his own. Moreover, more importantly, the Shang dynasty nobles were still at both ends of the first mouse, and they were in an ambiguous state with Zhou people, which made Wu Geng fall into despair. Finally, Wu Geng decided to give up the capital of Shang and Wang and retreat to the north. To the north of the Shang and Wang capitals is the Hebei Corridor (because the eastern part of Hebei Plain is the flood area of the Yellow River in the north, and the swamp is sparsely populated). And (Guo Xing), Dai Guohe? Pro-business countries, such as middle kingdom and solitary bamboo country, in which the monarchs of Daiguo and solitary bamboo country are descendants of Shang royal family, and? China may be Wang Shuzu of Wu Geng-a vassal state of Ji Zi. Wu Geng's intention is obvious, that is, to rely on the governors with the same surname in the north to fight against Zhou's army. But he didn't give him such an opportunity. After occupying the capital of Shang Dynasty again, Zhou Gongdan asked Shu Feng (seven sons of King Wen and seven uncles of King Cheng), who was good at fighting in Shang Dynasty, to lead a part of Zhou Jun to defend Chao Ge City, and Zhao Gongming led a part of Zhou Jun to pursue the remnants of Wu Geng in the north. Zhao Gongming's army chased after the remnants of Wu Geng, and eventually it was in the north of Daiguo. South (now Fangshan District and Zhuozhou area in southwest Beijing) caught up with Wu Geng's army. Due to Zhou Jun's persistent pursuit, Wu Geng didn't have enough time to contact and integrate the forces of the northern governors and represent the country and? Both Yue and Gu Zhuguo took refuge in Zhou, and Wu Geng, a desperate Shang Zhouwang, made a final struggle with Zhou people here and was finally defeated and killed. This period of history is recorded in the inscription "Taibaogui" in the Seven Weapons of Liangshan, which reads: "Wang cut the son as a saint, Wang levied it as a treasure, and Dabao respected the task, and Wang Yongli set up a treasure, giving the rest place a rest and using the order." Among them, the son is Wang Shangwu Geng. After chasing Wu Geng and surrendering to the northern governors, he called on Gong Ming to return to the south to reinforce the battlefield of Lu in Zhou Gongdan. While Zhao Gong was chasing Wu Geng in the north, Duke Zhou also led a part of Zhou Jun to crusade against the commercial countries in the East. The army set out, crossed the Yellow River through the ancient Yellow River ferry, surrendered to the Yan State east of the Yellow River (Nanyan State, now Huaxian County), and then continued eastward, passing through (southwest of Puyang) to reach (Dingtao area of Heze), ready to cross the water here and enter the land of Si. There are many local governors in Si Shang, including the host countries Guo Xu and Guo Fei, Guo Xu and Zhu Guo, Ren Guo, Guo Xue and Zhu Guo, Li Guo and Yang Guo, and the polar countries and Gui Guo with unknown surnames. This is a small vassal state left over from the Western Zhou Dynasty with a surname other than Ji and Jiang, and many of them may have been destroyed by the Zhou people. This 10 or 20 small countries, on average, each country is only equivalent to the size of a county in later generations, the largest of which is the leader of the vassal in the election country and the four merchants. Located in Jining and Yanzhou today, it was the capital of Shang Dynasty before Pan Geng moved its capital to Yin. After Pan Geng moved to Yin, the nobles of the merchant royal family were appointed as the monarch, guarding the business area. Compared with other small countries, the size of the electoral country may be equivalent to more than half of the size of prefecture-level cities, and its strength is not weak. If other countries in Si are added, the controlling power of the whole electoral country can be compared with that of half of Shang Dynasty (Shang Dynasty controlled by Wu Geng). Compared with the remnant merchants in Wu Geng, Sishang area was not occupied by Zhou people, and its war potential was not consumed. Moreover, the aristocratic forces at both ends of the first mouse did not appear in the area of the company, and Zhou people could no longer use the strategy of internal and external attack to get the company. Faced with this situation, Dr. Xin Jia of Zhou proposed a battle plan for Duke Zhou. This Xin family, also called Dr. Xin Gongjia and Dr. Xin Gujia, is the family background of Zhou Chengwang's grandmother Taisi, a nobleman of Xin State, and may even be Taisi's brother or nephew. According to the relationship, Xin Gongjia may be the uncle of the king or Zhou Gongdan. Xin Gongjia worked as a historian of Shang Dynasty during the period of Di Xin, the emperor city, and he had a better understanding of the situation of Shang Dynasty. His advice to Zhou Gongdan is that there are many small countries in Sishang area, with complicated surnames and interests, so it is impossible to twist into a rope and listen to the command of the elected state. Therefore, before attacking electoral countries, we can attack these small countries first, let them surrender if they are willing to surrender, and destroy all those who are unwilling to surrender. After clearing the surrounding small countries, we can launch a general attack on the electoral countries. According to Xin Gongjia's suggestion, he surrendered to countries such as Su, Xu, Zhu, Ren, Xue, Zhu, Yang, Ji, Yan and Guan, expelled Xu, and destroyed several countries such as Fei. Yizhoushu called it "Xiong Yingren has seven countries and captured nine cities", that is to say, Zhou Jun captured 17 small countries and captured (captured) nine of them. Ye Zhao rushed to the battlefield and joined the fight when he was cleaning up the small country. Before attacking the country, young Zhou Chengwang also came to the front from Haojiang to boost morale. Finally, under the pressure of Zhou People's Army, the elected monarch chose to surrender. After learning from the rebellion of the remaining businessmen, Zhou Gongdan did not let the electoral state continue to exist, but split it. The monarch of Amazonia and some Amazonians were moved to Pugu in the lower reaches of Jishui River by the Duke of Zhou and handed over to Taitai for management, while the rest of Amazonians stayed in place and were handed over to the eldest son of the Duke of Zhou for management. The reason why King Taigong appeared in the lower reaches of the Jishui River was because when the people's army of Zhou arrived, when they were preparing to clean up the small country in Sishang, they asked King Taigong to divide his troops along the lower reaches of the Jishui River to conquer Pugu and other countries. Along the east of Jishui, Tai led his troops to subdue Shouxi Mountain, Suzhou, Zhuan Xu, Zhuan Xu and other small countries on the north bank of Zedong, Xiao Ye, and then arrived in Zhangqiu, Jinan today. This is the territory of the middle Shang Dynasty. During the Wuding period of Shang Dynasty, merchants conquered Fang, later enfeoffed the royal family and established Tan Kingdom. Brave and good at fighting, he surrendered to Tan Guo too soon and continued to March, passing through the mouth of Changbai Mountain in Shandong Province and entering the western edge of Jiaolai Basin, that is, the He Zi Basin. This is the economic lifeline of Shang Dynasty-Bohai Salt Field. In order to guard the saltworks, the Shang king named Zhou and Ying as the guarding places, and Pugu and Jiyu were the fiefs of these two families respectively. In addition, Qi and Feng, whose surnames are unknown, also served as the guards of Bohai Salt Field. King Taigong knew that he was appointed to conquer Pugu, with the purpose of seizing Bohai Salt Field and putting this economic lifeline in the hands of Zhou people. Therefore, it is different from countries such as Zhu Yuguo and Tan Guo that surrendered before. This time, Wang Gong made great efforts to destroy these four countries. Therefore, after the election of the Duke of Zhou, the monarch who elected the country can move Pu Gu and hand it over to the King Tai Gong for safekeeping. In the early Zhou Dynasty, there were records of the wars of attacking and destroying countries such as Elective and Universal. Inscription of the Duke of Zhou Ding (Ding): "Only Duke of Zhou went to Dongyi, and Feng Bohe was offered to Zhou Temple. On the fifth day, when drinking Qin, people rewarded hundreds of friends, which was the tripod. The inscription on the bird coffin reads: "Wang cut the election, Zhou Gongmou, bird wishes, Wang Ci gives a hundred wishes, and birds are precious." In the history books, this war is called "Weekly Election". "For example, in The Great Biography of Shangshu," The Duke of Zhou is the regent, saving the chaos for one year, keeping quiet for two years, and holding elections for three years ". In fact, there is the second half of this sentence, "Four years to build Hou Wei, five years to build worship, six years to build music and ceremonies, and seven years to become a king. "Presumably, people who know a little about history should know that after the Duke of Zhou crusaded and Yin Ke was elected, the next history was that the Duke of Zhou was enfeoffed. So how did the duke of Zhou enfeoffment? What factors did he consider and which vassal States did he enfeoffment? This problem will be explained in the next section. -END- This article is the original article of Hanshan Spray History. Please indicate the source and original author of the article. 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