What are the test sites of astronomical calendar in the cultural common sense of junior high school teacher qualification certificate?

Streaming fire: It appears due south in June every summer, with the highest position, and gradually sinks to the west after July, so it is called "streaming fire". Going to Qiu Lai in summer, the cold weather is coming.

Comets hit the moon: comets are commonly known as broomsticks. Comets hit the moon, that is, the light of comets sweeps across the moon. According to superstition, this is a sign of catastrophe.

White rainbow passing through the sun: refers to the white rainbow passing through the sun, which is an atmospheric optical phenomenon.

Gai Hua, Jiao Yun: Gai Hua, with a constellation name of * * * 16 stars, is located in the seat of the Five Emperors and now belongs to Cassiopeia. I used to be superstitious and thought it was unlucky to be a canopy star in people's destiny.

The main nicknames of the moon are: Jade Bow and Bow Moon; Silver hook, jade hook; Golden wheel, jade wheel, silver plate, jade plate, gold mirror, jade mirror; Silver rabbit, jade rabbit, golden toad, silver toad, moon; Ghost Moon, Ghost Lun, Ghost Gong, Ghost Woman, etc.

Clouds and gas: According to ancient superstition, dragons rise to produce clouds, tigers roar to produce wind, which is the so-called "clouds, dragons, winds and tigers roar". He also said that where the real dragon emperor was born, there were strange clouds in the sky, which the fortune teller could see.

Twenty-four solar terms: an important part of China's ancient calendar. According to the position change of the sun in a year and the evolution order of the ground climate caused by it, the ancients divided the 365th day and the quarter day of a year into 24 segments, and then divided them into 12 months to reflect the four seasons, temperature, phenology and so on. This is the twenty-four solar terms. The name and order of the twenty-four solar terms are:

In the first month of beginning of spring, it rains in February, the vernal equinox in March, Qingming, long summer in April, and small Grain Rain.

May, summer solstice, June, summer heat, July, beginning of autumn, August, Xia Lu, the autumnal equinox.

Cold dew in September, frost in beginning of winter in early October, light snow and heavy snow in November, slight cold and severe cold in winter from December to December.

The formula: "Spring rain surprises spring and bright valley days, summer is full of mountains and rivers, summer is hot, autumn dew is frosty, and Melissa Zhou is in winter."

Branches: heavenly stems and earthly branches is collectively called "Ten Branches", while Zi, Ugly, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wei, Shen, You, Xu and Hai are called "Twelve Branches".