According to the development and evolution of ancient literature carriers, this paper briefly describes the historical evolution of ancient practical writing.

Historical evolution of practical writing

Practical writing has a long history. Synchronization with characters has a history of more than 3,000 years in China. Oracle Bone Inscriptions in the Yin and Shang Dynasties had the embryonic form of the first applied characters. These words are used for divination, so they are called Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Oracle Bone Inscriptions extensively recorded all aspects of social life during the period of slavery, such as the country's political, military, sacrifice, hunting, agriculture and other activities, with simple words and concise records.

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In the Spring and Autumn Period, it is said that Confucius compiled the ancient historical documents into Shangshu, which included the documents of Tang, Yu, Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, such as Canon, Mo, Xun, Patent, Oath and Destiny, which created the precedent of official document writing in China and had a far-reaching influence on later official document writing. The Analects of Confucius? "Xian Wen Pian" recorded the drafting and processing process of the documents proposed by Kong at that time:

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With the development of history, there are more and more types of practical writing and more complete styles. The folk practical writing in Qin and Han dynasties includes: calligraphy, enlightenment, presentation and form. The practical writings used by the imperial court are systems, imperial edicts, policies, etc. There are four kinds of practical writing: chapter, performance, table and discussion.

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In the applied essays of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, there appeared articles on the characteristics and writing requirements of applied essays. Among them is xelloss.

There is also a pioneering work. He wrote in Canon? This chapter is divided into four subjects and eight categories. The first three subjects and six categories are all practical writing, which puts forward the writing requirements of "elegance, reason and practicality". At the same time, he also attaches great importance to the practical value of practical writing: "The article is a great cause of the country and an immortal thing. Lu Ji's "Wen Fu" divides articles into ten categories: poetry, fu, monument, admonition, topic, admonition, ode, discussion, playing and speaking, and summarizes and expounds the characteristics and writing requirements of various styles belonging to the category of practical writing. Literary critic

In the stylistic part of Liu Xie's "Wen Xin Diao Long", this paper discusses in detail the saying, alliance, inscription, remonstration, monument, mourning, hanging, imperial edict, strategy, movement, meditation, chapter, expression, performance and enlightenment.

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The origin, evolution, representative works and writing characteristics of this kind of practical writing have played a great role in the standardization of practical writing in later generations.

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During the Tang and Song Dynasties, practical writing developed further. Downstream documents include laws, regulations, books, orders, teachings and symbols; Uplink documents include forms, forms, notes, revelations, texts and urgent documents; Parallel prose is related, touching and stinging. Among them, Ci, Butterfly, Guan and Ci are unique to the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, some changes have taken place in the official letter system, such as the creation of imperial edicts, imperial edicts, secretariat, old decrees, submissions, petitions and questions.

Sub-posture.

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From Yuan and Ming Dynasties to Qing Dynasty, practical writing continued to develop. There have been deletions and additions in past dynasties. For example, the Qing dynasty stipulated that all the chapters that had been typed in the previous chapter should be pasted with yellow (abstract), and diplomatic documents "notes" were added.

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In the rich treasure house of practical writing, in addition to official documents of past dynasties, there are many kinds of practical writing that meet the needs of social life: books, notes, rules, records, preface, postscript, inscriptions, admonitions, posthumous title, inscriptions, epitaphs, epitaphs, memorial tables, eulogies and so on.

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What is worth a year is that in the history of the development of practical writing in China, there have been many excellent works handed down from generation to generation. For example, Li Si's book of remonstrance and expelling guests, Sima Qian's book of reporting to Ren An, Wang Xizhi's book of discussing expensive millet, Jia Yi's book of discussing storage and sparse storage, Cao Cao's book of letting the county know itself, Zhuge Liang's book of examples, Li Mi's Chen Qingbiao, Wang Xizhi's preface to Lanting Collection and Wei Zhi's remonstrance. These excellent chapters are regarded as literary works because of their sincere emotional expression, beautiful language, some vivid examples and vivid characters, which add luster to the history of China literature.

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Therefore, since ancient times, practical writing culture has penetrated into all aspects of human life and work and played a huge role.