Fortune Telling Collection - Free divination - Constellation observation

Constellation observation

The first part of how to observe constellations explains the meaning of constellations: in order to understand and study stars, people divide the starry sky into many areas, which are called constellations.

The second part guides students to know the spring constellation. In spring, students are only required to know the Big Dipper in Ursa Major and the North Star in Ursa Minor. This part is divided into two layers:

1. Tell the students: In the northern sky in the spring night, you can see the famous Big Dipper, which belongs to the constellation Ursa Major and is an obvious sign of finding Ursa Major. The illustrations in the text draw the images of the Big Dipper and the constellation Ursa major, so that students can identify them with the pictures.

2. Teach students how to use the Big Dipper to find the North Star, and how to use the North Star to tell the direction at night. This is of great practical value.

The third part guides students to observe constellations and their movements. These include two projects:

1. At night, look for the Big Dipper and Polaris in the northern sky. To know the constellation, you must actually observe and identify it at night; You can't recognize the stars just by looking at the star map, nor can you master the ability to recognize the stars.

2. Observe the position change of the Big Dipper in the sky. At different times of the day, the position of the Big Dipper in the sky changes counterclockwise, but the arrangement of the seven stars does not change. Through this activity, students can lay a foundation for learning the knowledge of cutting into stars and the rotation of the earth in the future; You can also consolidate the methods you have learned to observe the motion state of objects with reference objects.

The fourth part guides students to know summer constellations. This part is divided into three layers:

1. Explain the characteristics of the Milky Way.

2. Explain the characteristics of prominent constellations in summer-Aquila (focusing on Altair) and Lyra (focusing on Vega).

3. Arrange students to look for the Milky Way, Altair and Vega when summer comes. In summer, teachers should remind students to observe.

Second, the purpose requirements

1. Through the teaching of this course, students are required to know what constellations are and how to identify the Big Dipper, Polaris, Altair, Vega and the Milky Way.

2. Cultivate students' observation ability (look for obvious constellations or bright stars in spring and summer according to the requirements of the text, and observe the movement of constellations) and induction and generalization ability (summarize the law of constellation orientation changes in the sky in one day).

3. By observing the movement of constellations, students can realize that the movement of celestial bodies is regular.

Third, preparation before class

Teachers prepare: flip charts or slides-the Big Dipper and Polaris, Ursa major, Lyra and the Milky Way, and observe the movement of constellations with reference objects.

Fourth, the teaching process

Introduce a new course

1. Narrator: Last class, we learned how to measure the height of the sun. After class, we measured the changes of the sun's height and temperature during the day.

Ask questions:

(1) How does the height of the sun change in a day? Name the time of observation and the height of the sun. What are the rules? (From morning to noon, and then to night, the height of the sun is from small to large, and then to small, and the height of the sun is the highest at noon. This happens every day. )

(2) What is the law of temperature change in a day? (From morning to noon, at night, the temperature goes from low to high and then to low, with the highest temperature at 2 ~ 3 pm. It's always like this on sunny days. )

3. Discussion: According to the above observation, do you think the change of sun height is related to the change of temperature in a day? What does it matter? what do you think?

4. Description: We already know that the heat on the earth mainly comes from the radiant heat of the sun, and the amount of radiant heat absorbed by an object is related to the angle of sunlight irradiation (we did this experiment in the lesson "The Sun" in Volume 6). Now we know that the rising and falling law of the sun's height is basically the same as that of the temperature in a day. It can be inferred that the change of solar height is related to the change of temperature in a day, and the change of solar height is an important factor affecting the change of temperature, and the change of temperature changes with the change of solar height.

5. Dialogue: In the past science class, we studied the sun and the moon. Besides the sun and the moon, what else is in the sky? (star)

6. Narrator: In this lesson, we learn how to observe and identify stars.

Learn new lessons

1. Guide students to establish the concept of constellation.

(1) explanation: Many students are very interested in the stars, and they like to observe the stars in the sky from an early age. There are many stars in the sky. If you look closely, you will find that there are many stars whose mutual positions remain unchanged, and the connecting lines between them can form a certain shape-triangle, quadrilateral, spoon, human figure, animal shape ... (At this time, it is best to explain intuitively with a big star map, or you can explain it with a board painting. In order to understand and study the stars, people divide the starry sky into many regions, which are called constellations. > & gt

Who has the best observation time in each constellation? Aries Aries is an autumn constellation, and the best scene can be seen in the night sky of 1 1 month. Taurus Taurus is an autumn constellation, and the best scene can be seen in the night sky of1February. Gemini Gemini May2 1-June 2 1 Gemini is a winter constellation. The best view can be seen in the night sky in January. Cancer Cancer is a winter constellation, and the best view can be seen in the night sky in February. Leo Leo is a winter constellation, which is best viewed on the night of March. Virgo Virgo is a spring constellation, and April is the best time to watch it. Libra Libra is a spring constellation, and you can see the best scene in the night sky in May. Scorpio: Scorpio is a spring constellation full of wisdom. An astronomical name of Scorpio, which can be best seen in the night sky in June. Sagittarius Sagittarius is a summer constellation. The best view can be seen in the night sky in July. Capricorn: The goal of the sea is a summer constellation of Capricorn. It is an astronomical name of Capricorn, and you can see the best scene in the night sky in August. Water bottle >>

When is the best season to observe constellations? It depends on what constellation the landlord wants to observe. There are different constellations in each season, such as Ursa major in spring; For example, in the summer triangle, baike.baidu/view/270615. The number of stars in the summer sky is the largest, for example, the Milky Way and Cassiopeia in autumn; And Orion in winter, the big triangle in winter. Of course, some constellations can be seen all year round, and some iconic constellations in this season can also be seen in other seasons. For example, we can also see Orion in the autumn morning and so on.

When and where does the 12 constellation look best? signs of the zodiac

The sun runs from west to east on the ecliptic and circles the sky once a year. There are twelve constellations on a belt on both sides of the ecliptic. They are Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius and Pisces. People on earth can see them one after another in a year.

Babylonians observed these constellations for a long time, determined the ecliptic through observation, and divided the ecliptic into 12 equal parts, each equal part was 30 degrees, which was called 1 segment. The sun travels around the ecliptic in 12 months/cycle, so it travels on the ecliptic every month 1 segment. In the eyes of the ancients, the sun was Apollo, and its resting place must be a magnificent palace. Therefore, they called the 1 section of the ecliptic 1 palace. In this way, the section 12 on the ecliptic becomes the "zodiac". The names of the zodiac signs are the same as those of the 12 constellation near the ecliptic, namely Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Lion, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius and Pisces.

Although the names of the zodiac signs are the same as those of the 12 constellation near the zodiac signs, they are essentially different. The zodiac indicates the position of the sun on the ecliptic, and the size of each constellation is fixed. It's all 30 degrees, and the time when the sun enters each house is basically fixed. Now the sun comes to the vernal equinox on March 2 1 every year and enters Pisces Palace. Around June 22, I came to the summer solstice and entered the twin uterus; On September 2 1 day, I came to the autumnal equinox and entered the virgin palace. 65438+Come to the winter solstice around February 22nd and enter the Sagittarius Palace.

However, this was not the case before 2000, because under the gravity of the sun and the moon, the rotation axis of the earth did not point to the same position in the sky, but turned around in the sky. This phenomenon is called precession. Due to precession, before 2000, the sun was located in the above four positions of Aries, Cancer, Libra and Capricorn. Different from the ecliptic, the 12 constellation near the ecliptic has different sizes. For example, the width of Pisces is 49 degrees, while the width of Cancer is only 2 1 degree. 12 constellation is not necessarily located on the ecliptic, but distributed within 8 degrees on both sides of the ecliptic.

The first house "Life Palace", also known as "Ascending Palace", was originally the fixed position of Aries. The first house represents the birth of life-"I am", showing a person's character, words and deeds, health, appearance, body shape and the first impression. In modern astrology, the first house represents the people's palace.

Center position: right ascension 2: 40, declination 2 1. Between Pisces and Taurus. α, β and γ (Building 3, Building 1 and Building 2) are about 20 degrees south of Andromeda γ. α is a second-class star, which forms an isosceles triangle with Andromeda β and γ. There are five stars above level 4 in the constellation. The first house of the zodiac, with longitude ranging from 0 degrees to 30 degrees, was originally in Aries, hence its name. But due to precession, it has now moved to Pisces. On March 2 1 every year, the sun comes to this house, and the solar term is the vernal equinox, so the vernal equinox is also called "the first point of Aries Palace".

The second house, Caibo Palace, was originally a fixed position of Taurus. Represents a person's material and resources-"I own", showing a person's economic situation, money values, ability to deal with property, resources and so on. In modern astrology, the second house represents the "economic house".

Center position: 4: 20 right ascension, declination 17 degrees. In the south of Perseus and the Imperial Palace. North of Orion. There are the famous Pleiades and Pleiades star clusters in the constellation. Alpha is an orange 1 equal star. There are 28 stars in the constellation that are brighter than 4. Jinniu Palace is the second palace, and the longitude of the Yellow River ranges from 30 degrees to 60 degrees. The sun comes to this palace around April 20th every year, when the solar term is Grain Rain.

The third house, Brother House, was originally the fixed position of Gemini. It represents a person's environment, showing a person's learning ability (especially before college), communication skills, short trips, and friends who can't choose-meaning brothers and sisters, relatives and neighbors. In modern astrology, the third house represents the "news house".

Center position: 7: 00 right ascension, 10 minute, 24 degrees right ascension. Between Taurus and Cancer. The two brightest stars, α and β, stand out. α is a second-order star and β is a 1 order star. The open cluster M35 is visible to the naked eye. There are 19 stars brighter than 4 in the constellation. Double uterus, third house. The longitude of the yellow meridian ranges from 60 degrees to 90 degrees. Every year the sun comes to this palace around 2 1, when the solar terms are full.

The fourth house "Tianzhai Palace" was originally the fixed position of cancer. It represents a person's >>

What is a color consultant? When people are no longer unfamiliar with the professions such as legal consultant and market consultant, color consultant rises quietly.

As the name implies, color consultant is to create color images for individuals, companies, commodities, decoration, environment and landscape. , determine the customer's body color, temperament, color matching relationship, determine the lightness, darkness and fitness of various colors, so as to find the most suitable color matching for customers.

Why can some constellations observe 10 minutes at the same latitude all year round? The constellations that can be seen all year round in the middle and high latitudes of the northern hemisphere are Ursa Major, Ursa Minor and Hou Xian Constellation. Relatively speaking, the bright constellations between 60 north latitude and the north celestial pole are Ursa major, Ursa minor and Cassiopeia, while the brightness of Draco and Cepheus is 2.5 ~ 6 times darker than the above three constellations. But observers always look at the constellation where bright stars are located, so it is generally difficult to observe Draco and Cepheus. In addition to Ursa Major, Ursa Minor and Cepheus,

How to observe the constellation? There are suitable telescopes. In the dark suburbs and rural areas, pay attention to the season, specific time, direction and location (northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere, etc.). It's better to buy a star map, which can give you some guidance (our school astronomical society bought a star map, which can be rotated according to different time). There are fewer constellations in the northern hemisphere than in the southern hemisphere.