Kalahari desert's Humanistic Economy

The main residents of kalahari desert are Bantu-speaking Africans, Khoisan-speaking San people and a few Europeans.

Those who live in remote areas of kalahari desert are not affected by mining or other industries. They live in villages with 200-5000 people. Most houses are traditional, with single rooms, mud walls and thatched roofs. Water is the limiting factor, limiting the residential area to the vicinity of wells or ponds that are convenient for water intake. Except the smallest village, all villages have state-run primary schools, and most children go to such schools, although few children go to middle schools. National health clinics and hospitals in big villages complement herbalists and soothsayers.

The daily means of transportation for local people to go out are horseback riding and donkey riding. Trucks belong only to merchants or institutions that employ miners and are used for long-distance travel. Due to the small population and vast land, there are only a few roads and trails available in kalahari desert, most of which can only be used by trucks and four-wheel drive vehicles. In the south, southwest and northwest, highways connect administrative centers, main houses and important farmland areas. However, the completed road connects eastern Botswana with Okavango Marsh and makgadikgadi.

Due to the extremely low precipitation in southwest kalahari desert, there are few trees or big shrubs-only sporadic xerophytic shrubs and short grass. There is more rain in the middle, with scattered trees and some shrubs and grasslands. There is no desert scene in the north. There are open woodlands here, palm trees grow in bushes, evergreen trees and deciduous trees grow to 15 meters high, and there are also some varieties suitable for wood in the forest, among which baobab is the largest and rarest tree. Weeds, papyrus, water lilies and other water-loving plants grow in Okavango swamp. /kloc-In the early 20th century, Europeans first entered kalahari desert as tourists, missionaries, ivory explorers and businessmen. The only European residential area is Hangji District, where several families were allowed to run pastures in the 1890 s. Before the1960s, they lived in isolation and poverty, but since then, they have been able to own land and improve their living conditions. Most other white people in kalahari desert are government employees or work in private enterprises.