The monarch and name of the Qin dynasty.

The monarchs and names of the Qin Dynasty are as follows: Qin Feizi, Princess (Qin Ying); Marquis of Qin, whose name is unknown; Qin Gongbo, won Gong Bo; Qin Zhong, won Qin Zhong; Qin Zhuanggong, won it; Qin Xianggong (established as a vassal) won the Qin Kai; Qin Wengong, whose name is unknown; (Qin) won (Qin Ninggong) and won; Qin was born and won; Qin Wugong, won yue; Qin Degong, Yan Jia; Qin Gongxuan, Yan Tian; Qin Chenggong, loaded; Qin Mugong (Qin Miaohong) got a good job; Qin Kanggong, won; Qin * * * male, rice/rice; Duke Huan of Qin won this honor; Qin Jinggong, Yanshi; Qin Aihong (Qin/Qin? Male), Ying Ji; Qin Gong Yi, not acceded to the throne; Qin,; Qin Daogong won the game; * * * Gong (Qin La Gong Gong Gong/Qin Li Gong Gong Gong) was stabbed; (Qin),; Qin Huaigong was sealed; (Su Qin people), won Su; Qin got it and got a memorial service; Qin,; Qin (Qin Shaozhu),; (Qin Gong/Qin) won the teacher's discipline/honesty; Qin Xiaogong (Qin), Qin Quliang; Qin (Qin); Qin Wuwang (Qin funeral/Qin Wulie), wandering; Qin Wang Zhaoxiang (Qin Zhaowang), Yan Ze/Ying Ji; Qin, Yanzhu/Zhao Zhu; Qin Zhuang Wang Xiang, won Chu; Qin Shihuang, Ying Zheng.

Qin Feizi:

Qin Feizi (? -858 BC), named Fei Zi, Qin Yingren, followed by Boyi, the grandson of E Lai V, an important minister of Shang Dynasty, the founding monarch of Qin State, a vassal state of Zhou Dynasty, and a dog hill person of Western Zhou Dynasty. He reigned from about 900 BC to 858 BC. Good at raising horses was appreciated by Zhou, who was named King of Qin and became the monarch of Qin, known as King of Qin. In 858 BC, the concubine died and his son, the marquis of Qin, succeeded to the throne.

Marquis of Qin:

Qin Hou, male, born in Qin Dynasty, whose real name has been lost, is the son of Qin Feizi. He was the second monarch of Qin in 857- 848 BC, and his name has been lost. According to historical records, he was in office for ten years. There are few records about him in history books, except that he is Qin Feizi's son and his son is Qin Gongbo.

Qin Gongbo:

Qin Gongbo (? -845 BC), surnamed Qin, the monarch of Qin in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The son of the marquis of Qin. Only three years in office, there are few records about Qin Gongbo in history books. Roughly know that he is the marquis of Qin and Qin Feizi, and his son is Qin Zhong.

Qin Zhong:

Qin Zhong (? -822 BC), won surname, unknown name, son of Qin Gongbo, Qin, a vassal state of the Western Zhou Dynasty, reigned from 844 BC to 822 BC. In 824 BC, Zhou Xuanwang appointed Qin Zhong as a doctor and ordered him to lead an army to attack Xirong. In 822 BC, Qin Zhong was defeated and killed in the battle with Xirong. After Qin Zhong died, Qin Zhuanggong, the eldest son, acceded to the throne.

Qin Zhuanggong:

Qin Zhuanggong (856-778 BC), surnamed Zhao, was named Qi in Historical Records 14- 12 Chronicle of Governors, the eldest son of Qin Zhong, and the monarch of Qin State in the Western Zhou Dynasty. His reign was from 82 1 year to 778 BC. In the sixth year of Zhou Xuanwang (822 BC), Qin Zhong was attacked and killed by Xirong, and his prince acceded to the throne as Qin Zhuanggong.

Qin Xianggong:

Qin Xianggong (? -766 BC), Zhao, the second son of Qin Zhuanggong, was the first monarch officially listed as a vassal in the Spring and Autumn Period. His reign lasted from 778 BC to 766 BC. In 778 BC, Qin Zhuanggong was killed by a dog. His eldest son, Shi Fu, led an army to crusade against the dog Rong and gave up the position of the monarch. At that time, Qin's national strength was weak and Dijon was in trouble. At the beginning of his reign, Qin Xianggong married his sister Miao Mi to Rong Renfeng in order to divide people. In 776 BC, Qin Xianggong moved its capital to Changyi (now Longxian County, Shaanxi Province) and moved eastward. In 77 1 year BC, Shen Hou attacked Haojiang with dogs and killed Zhou Youwang at the foot of Mount Li. Saved Zhou with soldiers. His drought-striken fields moved to the east, and Qin Xianggong sent troops to escort him to seal the vassal. After moving eastward, the land west of Qishan, which the royal family could not control, was given to Qin. From then on, Qin became a vassal state of the Western Zhou Dynasty, which laid the foundation for the future strength of Qin. In 766 BC, Qin Xianggong died on the way to crusade against Xirong and was buried in his hometown of Huang Xi (Dabaozi Mountain in Lixian County, Gansu Province), and his son Qin Wengong succeeded him.

Qin Wengong:

Qin Wengong (? -7 16 BC), the son of Zhao, whose name is unknown, was the monarch of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period and reigned from 765 BC to 7 16 BC. During the reign of Qin Wengong, a historian was set up to record; Defeated Xirong, incorporated the adherents of the Zhou Dynasty, and expanded to the west of Qi (now east of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province); Formulate a criminal law to punish the three ethnic groups. At that time, Qin people had completely settled down and engaged in agriculture. In 7 16 BC, Qin Wengong died, and posthumous title Wengong was buried in Xishan (now Baoji City, Shaanxi Province). After Qin Wengong's death, his grandson Qin Ninggong (Qin Xiangong) succeeded to the throne.

Qin Xiangong:

(724 BC-704 BC), Historical Records of Qin Benji was wrongly written as the son of Qin Ninggong, the grandson of Zhao, and the monarch of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, 765438 BC+05 BC-704 BC. Qin Xiangong was appointed as the heir by his grandfather Qin Wengong, because his father Qin Jinggong died young. In 7 16 BC, Qin Wengong died, and Qin Xiangong succeeded to the throne, living in Xixinyi, and then moved to Pingyang. In 7 13 BC, he sent troops to capture the party club (Tang Dou) of Bo Rong (a branch of Xi Rong). In 708 BC, he captured Rui Wanbo, the monarch of Ruiguo. In 704 BC, he sent troops to destroy the Dang clan in Xirong. In the same year, Qin Xiangong, 2 1 year-old, died and was buried at the foot of Xishan (now Baoji North Cemetery in Shaanxi).

Qin Zi:

Qin (708 BC-698 BC) was surnamed Zhao. Qin Xiangong's youngest son, the monarch of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, reigned from 703 BC to 698 BC.

Qin Wugong:

Qin Wugong (? -678 BC), surnamed Zhao, whose name is unknown, was the eldest son of Qin Ninggong, the mother of Lu Ji, the son of Qin, and the younger brother of Qin Degong. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Qin reigned from 697 BC to 678 BC. Qin Wugong made a prince first. After Qin Xiangong's death, Fu Cha and three other concubines established the State of Qin and became the monarch of the State of Qin. After the Qin dynasty, he was killed by Fuxi and others before he acceded to the throne. Zhu Fuji and other three imperial families gathered the power of the royal family. When Qin Wugong was in power, he conquered and annexed Mianzhu, Qirong, Ji Rong, Yiqurong, Zhai and Gou successively, and set up a county system to manage the land. The following year, the forces of Qin reached the Weishui River Basin in Guanzhong. In 678 BC (the twentieth year of Qin Wugong), Qin Wugong died and was buried in Pingyang, Yongyi. Qin Wugong was buried in Pingyang after his death, creating a system of human sacrifice, with as many as 66 people buried with him. Kawabata Yasunari's mother and brother are Qin Degong.

Qin Degong:

Qin Degong (765438 BC+00 BC-676 BC), who won the surname Qin, has his name in the genealogy. He is the second son, the younger brother of Qin Wugong, the younger brother of Qin Gongzi, and the monarch of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period. He reigned from 677 BC to 676 BC. In 678 BC, Qin Wugong died, and his son Bai was sealed in Pingyang (now southwest of Qishan County, Shaanxi Province) and failed to succeed to the throne. His brother Qin Degong succeeded to the throne. In 677 BC, Qin Degong moved the capital of Qin State to Yongcheng (now Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province), offering 300 cows, sheep and pigs to heaven and earth, and divining whether it was suitable to live in Yongcheng. The result of divination is that future generations drink horses by the Yellow River. In the same year, King Liang and King Rui came to the court. In 676 BC, Fu Sacrifice was first set up to sacrifice dogs at the four gates of cities to dispel the heat of spreading diseases. Qin Degong has three sons, the eldest son Qin, the second son Qin Chenggong and the youngest son. Before 676, Qin Degong died and was buried in Yang, and his eldest son Qin Gongxuan succeeded to the throne.

Qin:

Qin Gongxuan (? —664 BC) won the surname Qin, whose genealogy contains his famous field, Qin Degong's eldest son, Qin Chenggong and his eldest brother, and Qin Guojun in the Spring and Autumn Period. He reigned from 675 BC to 664 BC and was buried in Pingyang Tomb Area (Dongyang Ping Town, Baoji County, Shaanxi Province). There are nine sons, who have not been established, and passed on to their younger brother Qin Chenggong.

Qin Chenggong:

Qin Chenggong? -660 BC), won the surname Zhao, whose genealogy contains his name, the second son of Qin Degong, the brother of Qin, the monarch of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, and reigned from 663 BC to 660 BC. According to Historical Records, during the Chenghua period, there were two kings of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Liang and Rui. There are seven sons, none of whom are established. His younger brother was appointed heir to the throne of Qin Mugong.

Qin Mugong:

Qin Mugong (683 BC-6265438 BC +0 years) won his surname and his first name was Ren Hao. Also known as Qin Miaohong. Qin Degong's youngest son, the younger brother of Qin and Qin Chenggong, was the monarch of the State of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period (reigned from 659 BC to 62 BC1), and was recognized as one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period by posthumous title Mu. In the first year of Qin Mugong (659 BC), Qin Mugong officially succeeded to the throne. After he succeeded to the throne, he appointed Baijila and Jianshu as counselors, and made great efforts to defeat the State of Jin, capture Jin alive, and destroy Liang, Rui, Slippery and other countries. In the 23rd year of Qin Mugong (637 BC), Jin Huaigong returned to China and acceded to the throne, and in the 24th year of Qin Mugong (636 BC), Jin Wengong returned to China and acceded to the throne, thus realizing the perfection of Qin Jin. In the thirty-third year of Qin Mugong (627 BC), Qin Mugong sent troops to attack the Central Plains, and was defeated in the "Battle of Kans" and "Battle of Pengya". The road to eastward was not feasible. In the thirty-seventh year of Qin Mugong (623 BC), Qin Mugong made a Western Expedition, appointed Yu Yu as a counselor, and gradually destroyed the Rong State. He was given a golden drum by the Zhou Emperor, and continued to attack Shu and Kansai (west of Hanguguan), expanding the territory for thousands of miles. He was appointed by King Xiang of Zhou as the "uncle of the West King" and monopolized Xirong, which made certain contributions to the development of Qin State and the national integration in ancient western China. Qin Mugong died in the thirty-ninth year (62 1 year) and was buried in Yongcheng (now southeast of Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province), Mu (mystery), posthumous title. ?

Qin Kanggong: Qin Kanggong (? -609 BC), won the surname of Qin, the son of his son, and his mother Mu Ji was the sister of Jin Wengong, the monarch of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, who reigned from 620 BC to 609 BC. During the Qin Kanggong period, there were many wars between Qin Jin, and Qin gradually declined from the overlord of Xirong in Qin Mugong. Qin Kanggong sent Kim's son back to China and to Weiyang, where he wrote a poem: "I sent my uncle to Weiyang." Later generations used Weiyang as a metaphor for the relationship between nephews and uncles. In the 12th year of Qin Kanggong (609 BC), Qin Kanggong died and his son Qin Gong succeeded him.

Qin * * * Male:

Qin Gong (? -605 BC), won the surname, Qin, Jin, or Mi, Jin according to historical research, Mi according to Zuozhuan, son of Qin Kanggong, Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, and reigned from 608 BC to 605 BC. The so-called Qin Sangong in Lv Chunqiu refers to Qin Mugong, Qin Kanggong and Qin Gonggong.

Qin Huangong:

Duke Huan of Qin (? -577 BC), won the surname, Zhao, (according to "Spring and Autumn Annals"), son of Qin Gong, father of Qin Gong. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the monarch of Qin reigned from 604 BC to 577 BC. When Qin Huan was in power, he was defeated by the Allies in the battle between the horse and the tunnel. ?

Qin Jinggong:

Qin Jinggong (? -537 BC), won the surname, Zhao, the son of Duke Huan of Qin, the monarch of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, and reigned from 576 BC to 537 BC. Qin Jinggong ruled the State of Qin for 39 years, pushing its power to the Central Plains. His tomb, Qin Gong No.1 Tomb, was publicly buried by Emperor Tiandi, covering an area of 5,334 square meters. 1.976 was discovered in South Zhang Cun, Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province, which is the largest tomb excavated in China so far. Asked Shiyang who would be the first doctor to die, Shiyang replied that it was Luan. So Shu Changbao and Shu Changwu were sent to save Zheng. In the first 559 years, in order to avenge the defeat in the Battle of Oak Forest, Duke Mourn of Jin sent Lu Bao, Zhou, Yue, Zhongjiang, Guo, Gong Sunmi, Cao, Ju, Zhu, Teng, Xue, Qi and Tan to attack Qin. In the 40th year of Qin Jinggong (537 BC), Qin Jinggong died of illness and was buried in the south of Lin Qiu. His son Qin Aigong succeeded him. In the same year, Hou Zizhen returned to Qin.

Qin Aihong:

Qin aigong (? -50 BC1year), won the surname, first name. "Ji Qin" is called Qin, while "Historical Records" is called Qin? Gong, the son of Yan Shi, the father of Yan Meng, the wife of King Chu Ping, and the monarch of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, reigned for 36 years (536-50 BC1). 505 years ago, the capital of the State of Chu was occupied by the State of Wu, and Shen, a doctor from the State of Chu, came to the State of Qin for help. Although Qin Aigong was the grandfather of the fallen King Zhao of Chu by blood, he turned a blind eye to him. Shen lingered outside the palace of Qin, crying day and night for seven days and seven nights. Qin Aigong sighed with emotion: "Although Chu has no way, if there are ministers, how can there be nothing left?" So he was given "no clothes", sent troops to save Chu, defeated Wu Jun, and He Lv, the king of Wu, withdrew his troops and returned to China, so King Chu Zhao was able to restore the country. In 50 1 year BC, Qin Aigong died.

Qin:

Qin Gonghui (? -387 BC), won the surname Zhao, and his genealogy contains his name Ren. In order to distinguish it from Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, the empress of Qin is also commonly known as the son of Qin, the monarch of Qin in the Warring States Period, and reigned 13. In the Qin dynasty, the "four generations of chaotic politics" of the state of Qin came to an end. Qin lost its territory in Hexi and seized Nanzheng (now Hanzhong) in Shu. Qin died after completing the feat of marching into Hanzhong, leaving Qin with a son.

Qin Daogong:

Qin Daogong (? —477 BC), won the surname of Qin, whose genealogy contains his name plate. He was the son of Qin, the monarch of the State of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, and was in office for 15 years (from 492 BC to 477 BC, Qin Benji and Chronicle of Twelve Governors were mistaken as 14 years).

Qin folded * * * male:

Qin Ligong (443 BC) took Zhao, the son of Qin Daogong, as his surname. Historical Records of Qin Benji was written by father-in-law Qin La, and Historical Records of Justice was written by Qin Li. In the early Warring States period, the monarch of Qin was in power from 476 BC to 443 BC. During his reign, Qin was powerful, and Shu, Chu and Xirong all paid tribute. They sent troops to attack the Acropolis, built defensive ditches along the Yellow River, and Xirong attacked Dali with 20,000 soldiers.

Qin Zaogong:

Qin Zaogong (? -429 BC), also known as Qin Yigong, won surname, Qin family, whose genealogy contains his name Xin, son of Qin Liguong, monarch of Qin State during the Warring States Period, and reigned from 442 BC to 429 BC. Qin Gong ascended the throne in the frenzied year of Qin Dynasty (442 BC). In the 13th year (430 BC), Xirong Yi Qu launched a large-scale attack on Qin until he was repelled by Qin Jun. In the following year, a frenzied public pawn, his brother won the throne from Jin and used it for Huai Gong.

Qin Huaigong:

(? -425 BC), won the surname Qin, whose genealogy contains his name, brother, the monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period, and reigned for 4 years (428 BC-425 BC). Qin Zaogong died, and his younger brother was taken back from the State of Jin by his older brother for the sake of the public. The national government at that time was manipulated by the old aristocracy. In the fourth year of Qin Huaigong (425 BC), Qin Shu's eldest son and other nobles forced Qin Huaigong to commit suicide. Due to the early death of Prince Zhao, the following year, the minister made the grandson of Prince Huai the king and made him the king.

Qin Linggong:

Qin Linggong (? -4 15 BC), also known as Qin Suling Gong, won the surname Qin, whose name is unknown. Speaking of Su, the grandson of Qin Huaigong, the monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period, was in office from 424 BC to 4 15 BC. In 422 BC, a temple was built in Wuyang (now Wushan, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province) to worship the Yellow Emperor. Build a temple to worship Emperor Yan. When Qin Linggong died, his first teacher discipline (later) was still young, only five years old. Gong Ling's uncle mourned his son because he was young, so he succeeded to the throne and became the monarch, that is, Gong Jian of Qin. Shi Ji was exiled to Longxi Valley.

Qin:

Qin Duo Zibiao (429 BC-400 BC), surnamed Zhao, was named Zibiao (some people think that "Zibiao" is not his name), the son of Qin Huaigong, the brother and uncle of Qin, and the king of Qin during the Warring States Period. He reigned from 465 BC, 438 BC to 400 BC. Qin carried out some political and economic reforms in Gong Jian. He allowed officials and people to carry swords, breaking the privilege that only nobles could carry swords. The implementation of the policy of collecting taxes by mu and the recognition of the legitimacy of "private land" indicate that Qin began to change to feudal system. In 400 BC, Qin died and succeeded to the throne.

Qin:

Qin Gonghui (? -387 BC), won the surname Zhao, and his genealogy contains his name Ren. In order to distinguish it from Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, the empress of Qin is also commonly known as the son of Qin, the monarch of Qin in the Warring States Period, and reigned 13. In the Qin dynasty, the "four generations of chaotic politics" of the state of Qin came to an end. Qin lost its territory in Hexi and seized Nanzheng (now Hanzhong) in Shu. Qin died after completing the feat of marching into Hanzhong, leaving Qin with a son.

Qin:

Qin (389 BC or 388-385 BC), also known as Qin Shaozhu, won surname, Qin aristocratic family, whose genealogy contains his name Chang, son of Qin, was the king of Qin in the Warring States Period, and reigned for 2 years (386-385 BC).

Shi Ben was a master of Qin, and Lu Chunqiu was a master of Qin, also known as Zi Chu in history. In 387 BC, Gong Hui died and ascended the throne. At that time, I was only two years old. His mother presided over the state affairs and used eunuchs and consorts. "Sages don't hide themselves, and the people have grievances." In 385 BC, Zuo Shuchang staged a coup, fought for his son and mother, and welcomed Prince Gong Ling to win back China. Since Qin Li (477 BC-443 BC), Qin was in power, ministers were autocratic, monarchs changed, and Qin was unstable. In 385 BC, Qin Gongchu was killed.

Qin Xiangong:

Qin Xiangong (424 BC-362 BC), the monarch of the State of Qin in the Warring States Period, won with the surname of Qin. The history is a tribute of Qin Yuan, and the Yuejueshu is the king of Qin Yuan. Historical Records records the famous Historical Records (xí). Son of Qin Linggong, who reigned for 23 years (384 BC-362 BC). In his early years, he went into exile in Wei, and after returning to China to succeed to the throne, he carried out reforms in Qin, including abolishing human sacrifices, moving the capital, expanding commercial activities, compiling household registration, implementing county system, etc., and launched many wars to recover lost land in Hexi. Although the reform in Qin Xiangong period was not thorough, it laid the foundation for Shang Yang's reform in Qin Xiaogong period. In the first 366 years (the 19th year of Qin Xiangong), Qin was defeated by the Han and Wei Dynasties, and the status of the vassal state was raised again. Qin Xiangong died at the age of 64 or 63 36 1 year ago (twenty-four years in Qin Xiangong) or 362 years ago (twenty-three years in Qin Xiangong).

Qin Xiaogong:

Qin Xiaogong (3865438 BC+65438 BC+February 6th BC-338 BC), surnamed Zhao, was the king in Yuejueshu, and the famous Quliang was recorded in Historical Records. The son of Qin Xiangong, the monarch of Qin State in the Warring States Period, reigned from 3665438 BC to 338 BC. Qin Xiaogong made great use of Wei Yang (that is, Shang Yang) to carry out political reform, rewarded the agricultural war, moved the capital to Xianyang (now northeast of Xianyang, Shaanxi), set up county-level administration, and opened up a new road. While strengthening centralization, we will continuously improve agricultural production. Externally, Qin signed a treaty with Chu and North Korea, and joined forces with Qi and Zhao to attack Anyi, the capital of Wei (now northwest of Xia County, Shanxi Province), extending its territory to the east of Luoshui. Since then, the national strength has become stronger and stronger, which laid the foundation for Qin to unify China. In the 24th year of Qin Xiaogong (338 BC), Qin Xiaogong was critically ill. According to the Warring States Policy, Qin Xiaogong wanted to reach Shang Yang, but Shang Yang refused to accept it. After Qin Xiaogong's death, he was buried in his brother and his son Qin Huiwen succeeded him. After Qin Xiaogong's death, Shang Yang was framed by childe Qian for rebellion, defeated and died in Tong Di, and his body was transported back to Xianyang, where it was publicly displayed after being cracked.

Qin:

Qin Huiwen (356 BC-365438 BC +0 1) Qin Huiwen was born in Liyang (now Yanliang, Shaanxi). During the Warring States Period, the monarch of the State of Qin (reigned from 337 BC to 365438 BC) was the son of Qin Xiaogong. At the age of nineteen, Wang Hui acceded to the throne as Qin. With more complaints from the imperial clan, the imperial clan destroyed Shang Yang and did not abolish its laws. In 325 BC, he claimed to be the king of Qin and became the first king of Qin. During his reign, there were Zhang Yi, Lian Heng, Gongsun Yan, Zixu, Sima Cuo, Yiqu, Xiping, Bashu and Hangu in the east and Shang Yang in the south, which laid a solid foundation for the unification of China by Qin. 3 1 1 year BC, died at the age of 46. Posthumous title Huiwen was buried in Gong Ling.

Qin Wuwang:

Qin Wuwang (329-307 BC), surnamed Zhao, also known as King Wu Lie of Qin (Shiben), was the son of Qin Huiwen, the king of Qin in the Warring States Period, and reigned from 365,438 BC to 307 BC. During his reign, Qin Wuwang put down the Shu chaos, served as prime minister, pulled Yiyang, set Sanchuan, revised the land law, repaired the frontier, dredged rivers, built dikes and bridges. Qin Wuwang is tall and strong. He likes wrestling with others. Hercules Ren Bi, Wu Huo, Meng Shuo and others have all become big officials. In the fourth year (the first 307 years), and Meng said, a competition was held to improve a "Longwen". As a result, it was definitely sold and broke the tibia. He expired at night and died at the age of 23.

Zhao Xiang, King of Qin:

Xiang (325- 25 BC1), also known as the king of Qin. Won the surname Zhao, Ming Ji, Ming Ze. During the Warring States Period, the monarch of the State of Qin reigned from 306 BC to 25 BC1year. He was the son of King Qin Huiwen and Qin Wuwang's half-brother. During his reign, the famous wars of Yi Que, Qi Fa Wu, Yan Yi, Huayang and Changping took place. Moon Hee was taken hostage in Yan State in his early years. After the sudden collapse of his brother Qin Wuwang, he succeeded to the throne with the support of Zhao Yan and other countries. In the early days of the throne, his mother Xu Antai was in power because she was young, Wei Ran was the general of Xianyang, and Wang Shu was ill. In 304 BC, Zhao Haoqi began to manage state affairs personally after the coronation ceremony. Later, private wealth was more important than the Qin royal family, so he followed the advice and expelled the "four nobles (Ran, Huayang Junrong, Jing Gongzi, Gao Gong)" at that time, and took back the right to declare the queen, worshiping her as a relative, and adopted the strategy of attacking from afar and attacking from near, which laid the foundation of Qin State. During the reign of Zhao Haoqi Xiang, the state of Qin, he broke the strategy of the vassal states to attack Qin vertically and conquered everywhere. The other six of the Seven Heroes in the Warring States were defeated by Qin, and even captured the capital of Chu in the battle of Yan, and defeated Zhao in the battle of Changping, with hundreds of thousands of casualties. Luoyi, the capital of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, fell, Zhou Nanwang fell, Jiuding moved to Xianyang, and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty was destroyed, ending the 800-year rule of the Zhou Dynasty. In the fifty-sixth year of Qin dynasty (25 1 BC), Qin died at the age of 75 and was buried in Dongling, Qin dynasty.

King Qin Xiaowen:

Qin Xiaowen (302 BC-250 BC165438+1October 14), also known as An, won the surname, Zhao, (in one form), was the monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period, the 35th monarch of Qin, and the second son of Qin. Only three days in office, he was the shortest monarch in the history of Qin. In 250 BC, King Xiaowen of Qin Dynasty ascended the throne in Zhuan Xu. Three days later, he died at his father's funeral and was buried in Shouling (now northeast of Lintong District, Xi, Shaanxi Province). His son Qin Zhuangxiang succeeded to the throne. ?

Qin Zhuang Wang Xiang:

Qin Zhuang (28 1-247), also known as King Qin Zhuang, won surname, real name Zhao, later renamed Chu (), son of King Qin Xiaowen, father of Qin Shihuang, and monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period. In his early years, he worked as a proton in Handan and Zhao, and later he became the monarch of Qin with the help of you. In the third year of Zhuang (247 BC), he died in Bingwu in May at the age of 35. Qin Zhuang Wang Xiangling is located in Hansenzhai Village, Xincheng District, Xi City, Shaanxi Province. After his son Qin Shihuang established the Qin Dynasty, the king of Qinzhuang in posthumous title became the emperor's father.

Qin Shihuang:

Ying Zheng (259 BC-265438 BC+00 BC), Qin Shihuang, also known as Zulong, son of King Xianghe of Qin Zhuang. China was an outstanding politician, strategist and reformer in ancient times. He was a politician who realized the unification of China for the first time, and the first monarch in China who was called the emperor. It laid the basic pattern of China's political system for more than 2,000 years, and was praised as "an emperor through the ages" by Li Zhi, a thinker in the Ming Dynasty. Ying Zheng was born in Handan, the capital of Zhao, and returned to Qin in 25 1 year. The first 247 years was the throne. In the first 238 years, Lao Ai's rebellion was suppressed, and then Lv Buwei, a powerful minister, was deleted and he began to monopolize the government. From 230 years ago to 22 1 year ago, Li Si, Wang Jian and others were re-used, successively destroying the six countries of Korea, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan and Qi, completing the great cause of reunifying China and establishing a centralized and unified multi-ethnic country-the Qin Dynasty. After Qin unified the six countries, Ying Zheng, the king of Qin, thought that he was "virtuous and Huang San had contributed to the Five Emperors", so he adopted the "Emperor" of Huang San and the "Emperor" of the Five Emperors and formed the title of "Emperor". He was the first monarch to use the title of "Emperor" in the history of China, so he called himself "the first emperor". During the Qin Shihuang period, the central government implemented the system of three public officials and nine ministers; Partially abolish the enfeoffment system and replace it with the county system; At the same time, books are the same language, cars are the same track, and money and weights and measures are unified; Attacking Xiongnu in the north, conquering Baiyue in the south, and building the Great Wall of Wan Li; Build a canal to connect the Yangtze River and the Pearl River system. In his later years, Qin Shihuang sought immortals, dreamed of immortals, abused the people, and "burned books to bury Confucianism", which stifled the wisdom of the people and shook the ruling foundation of the Qin Dynasty. In 2 10 BC, Qin Shihuang died in Xingtai sand dunes on his way to patrol the mountains.

Qin monarch, China Qin monarch in the pre-Qin period. Qin was officially listed as a vassal in 77 BC1year, and * * * experienced five dynasties of monarchs. From the time Qin Xianggong was listed as a vassal to the time when the King of Qin unified China and established the Qin Dynasty in 22/kloc-0 BC, * * * experienced 3/kloc-0 monarchs. Among them, Zhao Xiang, the longest reigning king of Qin, lived 56 years. The shortest reigning time is King Qin Xiaowen, who reigned for only 3 days. The monarch of the State of Qin was the monarch of the State of Qin in the pre-Qin period of China. From Fei Zi to Qin Shihuang. Qin was founded in 770 BC, and * * * has experienced more than 30 generations of monarchs. Under the management of these monarchs, the State of Qin developed from a very weak country into a unified country, eventually sweeping the six countries and unifying China. Among them, he led the troops to save Zhou Yougong, and then sent troops to escort He Wang. In 770 BC, he was granted land to the west of Qishan, making A Qin a vassal state of the Zhou Dynasty. Qin Mugong wiped out 12 countries established by the western military, expanded its territory for more than 1,000 miles, stabilized the rear area, and laid the foundation for Qin to be the four great powers in the Spring and Autumn Period. Qin Xiaogong appointed Shang Yang to carry out political reform, so Qin became more and more powerful and gradually became the most powerful country in the middle and late Warring States period. In 3 16 BC, King Huiwen of Qin destroyed Shu, and Qin officially became the largest country among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States. The Xiang of Qin defeated the Zhao army in the battle of Changping, wiped out the principality of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and laid the foundation for the victory of the Qin unification war. In 237 BC, the King of Qin ascended the throne, destroyed the Six Kingdoms, and established the Qin Dynasty from 230 BC to 22 BC1year, calling himself the "first emperor". ?

Introduction to Qin:

Qin State (770 BC-207 BC), whose name comes from place names. The leader of the Qin people in the Western Zhou Dynasty was named Qin by Zhou because of his contribution to raising horses for the Zhou royal family, and Qin became their official clan name. In the period, the dog army invaded Haojing, and was officially named as a vassal state because of its meritorious service in defending the Zhou royal family, and "Qin" became the national title.

After the reunification of Qin Shihuang, Qin remained the title of the country. It was a vassal state established by the Chinese nation in the northwest of China during the Zhou Dynasty. The ancestor Qin Feizi was the son of the famous businessman Fei Lian, second only to Alai. The ancestors of the Qin people were named Yan tribe, which was the right-hand man to defend Xirong as early as the Yin and Shang Dynasties. In the sixth year of Zhou Wangxiao (905 BC), Qin Feizi was made a vassal by the Emperor of Zhou for his meritorious service in raising horses. The capital, Qinyi (now northeast of Qingshui County, Tianshui City, Gansu Province), was nicknamed "Qin Ying". In 82 1 year BC, Qin Zhuanggong defeated Xirong and was named Doctor Xirong by Zhou Xuanwang. Before 770, Qin Xianggong sent troops to escort Zhou Ping eastward and was made a vassal. From then on, Qin officially became a vassal state of the Zhou Dynasty. When Qin Mugong ruled Xirong, he was listed as the "Five Overlords in the Spring and Autumn Period".

At the beginning of the Warring States period, after a hundred years of decline, Wei seized the land of Hexi. In Qin Xiaogong, Shang Yang was ordered to reform and enrich his troops, and gradually became the most powerful country in the middle and late Warring States period. In the first 325 years, Qin Huiwen was king. Before 3 16, Bashu was annexed. From 230 years ago to 22 1 years ago, Ying Zheng, king of Qin, wiped out the Six Kingdoms and established the first unified dynasty in China history-Qin Dynasty. 207 years ago, facing the wave of peasant uprising, Zhao Gao forced Qin Ershi to go to Qin Shihuang and made Zi Ying king of Qin. Zi Ying, king of Qin, surrendered to Liu Bang, and Qin died. Qin people lived in the wrong place with Rong people in the early days, far from the Central Plains. After the Zhou royal family moved eastward, Qin talents gradually moved eastward into Guanzhong. Take Bashu in Qin Huiwen's reign as an example. Since Shang Yang's political reform implemented the policy of rewarding merit, the Qin army has become more and more brave. Weapons and equipment are constantly improving. The arm is divided into step, car and ride. The number of troops has reached "one million soldiers" for a long time, and famous military strategists and generals from Liao Wei, Leitian and Jincon have emerged. The social economy of Qin is still dominated by agriculture. In the late Spring and Autumn Period, cast iron farm tools appeared. During the Warring States period, water conservancy projects such as Zheng Guoqu and Dujiangyan were built, which further promoted the development of agricultural production. The handicraft industry is most developed in copper smelting and pottery making.

Brief introduction of Qin's geographical location;

Qin people began to live in Longdong, west of Longshan, living in a wrong place with Rong people and far away from the Central Plains. After the Zhou royal family moved eastward, Qin talents gradually moved eastward. After several generations of efforts, they finally conquered Guanzhong when they arrived in Qin Mugong. From then on, until Qin Huiwen took Bashu (now Sichuan), the territory of Qin has been basically stable in today's Guanzhong area of Shaanxi for nearly 300 years. This area was located at the westernmost end of the Huaxia civilization area at that time. Sima Qian said that the state of Qin lived in seclusion in Yongzhou, while Du You said in the Tang Dynasty that "Guanzhong faces inward and west". Modern scholars say that Qin "lives alone among the vassal States in the northwest."

Foreign historians also described: "Qin Yuan is west of the Han family and isolated from other countries." There are no strong enemies in the north, west and south of Qin State. The western part of Qin is a vast semi-arid grassland with some backward tribes scattered, which is called "Rong" by Huaxia. Since Qin Zifei was blocked, he has been against Zhu Rong. Qin Zhong, the famous leader of Qin people, was even killed by Rong. After Pingdong moved eastward, Qin people surpassed Longshan and developed to the east of Guanzhong. At that time, the Qin people actually gradually seized land from Guanzhong Zhurong. When they arrived in Qin Mugong, the Qin people basically occupied the whole Guanzhong, and then their eastward advance was blocked, so they vigorously expanded their territory to the west, so "the eight countries in Xirong served Qin". Since then, the Rong people can no longer pose a real threat to Qin.

Brief introduction of Qin capital:

Qin Yi, now Qin Cheng, Tianshui City, Gansu Province; Xiqiao, the general name of the western frontier in Yin Dynasty, is equivalent to the southeast of Gansu Province today. Hu Yi, south of Longxian County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province; Pingyang, now west of Meixian County, Baoji, Shaanxi; Yongcheng, now Fengxiang County, Baoji, Shaanxi; Jingyang, now north of Jingyang County, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province; Liyang, now north of Xi 'an, Shaanxi; Xianyang is located in the east of Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province and the northwest of Xi City.