Encyclopedia of Turkey

Turkey, also known as chicken, was first domesticated as poultry in Oaxaca, Mexico, about the same time as the Neolithic Age in Europe (the Neolithic Age in Europe was about 5000 BC). /kloc-At the end of 0/5th century, Turkey was introduced into Europe and later into China. Turkey is now in the south of North America, and there are also wild ones. Similar to other galliformes, females are smaller than males and their colors are not as bright as males.

catalogue

1. Living habits

2. Morphological characteristics

3. Distribution range

4. Breeding technology

5. Processing and production

6. Nutritional value

Living habits

Like to live in groups, gentle and slow. They feed on the stems, leaves, seeds and fruits of plants and insects, and occasionally eat frogs and lizards. When they are frightened, they will quickly run to a hidden place, and their flying power is very strong, and they can fly 500 ~ 2000 meters away. They usually live on the ground, cackle and feed on insects, crustaceans, lizards, grains, vegetables and fruits. Gather in the trees at night.

morphological character

Turkey is 3 ~ 4 times larger than domestic chicken, and its body length is1/kloc-0 ~115cm. Span 125 ~ 144 cm, weight 2.5 ~ 10.8 kg. The mouth is strong and slightly curved. The head and neck are almost bare, with only sparse feathers and red sarcoma, and a red meat flap hanging from the throat. The back bulges slightly. The body feathers are metallic brown or green with black horizontal spots scattered; White spots on both wings; The tail feathers are brown or gray, with variegated colors and slightly rounded ends. Strong feet and toes. Feathers range from milky white to brownish gray to black brownish black, shining with metallic luster of various colors. The upper part of the head and neck is exposed, and there are red coral-like skin tumors and drooping meat under the throat, and the color can change from red to purple. The tail feathers of a male turkey can be fanned out and there is a tuft of hair balls on the chest.

The neck and feet are like cranes, the tip of the mouth is red and soft, the coat color is like blue sheep, the feet have two fingers, and the claws are pointed, which can hurt people to death. The common turkey subspecies in Mexico are slightly different from those in the southeastern and southwestern United States in feather spots and waist color, but their feathers are basically black, with rainbow bronze and green. Adult men have bare heads and tumors on their skin, which are usually bright red, but turn white and bright blue when excited. Other obvious features of ordinary turkey are a long red fleshy ornament from forehead to beak; The throat is drooping, and the chest has black, rough, hairy clusters, called moustaches, which protrude from the feet. Generally, the weight of a female bird is only half that of a male bird, and the skin tumor and fleshy droop on her head are also small.

distribution range

Distributed in Canada, Mexico and the United States (introduced to Hawaii). Introduction: Australia, New Zealand, USA (Hawaii).

breeding technology

When the turkey courted, the male bird spread his tail feathers, lowered his wings, shook his feathers, strode with his head down, and made a quick cackle. Breeding in early spring. Nest on the ground. A male bird is matched with a group of females, and each nest lays 8 ~ 15 light brown spotted eggs, which are produced in low-lying places on the ground; The incubation period is 28 days.

Because the sex of birds, amphibians and fish is determined by the sex chromosomes carried by eggs, parthenogenesis can be carried out under certain circumstances, and turkeys are more capable in this respect. In the absence of males, unfertilized eggs laid by females can hatch, and the hatched offspring are usually weak, almost all of them are males.

Processing and manufacturing

The common turkey subspecies is slightly different from the common turkey in the southeast and southwest of the United States in feather spots and waist color, but its feathers are basically black with rainbow bronze and green. Adult men have bare heads and tumors on their skin, which are usually bright red, but turn white and bright blue when excited. Other obvious features of ordinary turkey are a long red fleshy ornament from forehead to beak; The throat is drooping, and the chest has black, rough, hairy clusters, called moustaches, which protrude from the feet. Male body length can reach 130cm (50_) and weight can reach 10kg (22 lbs), but the average weight is light. Generally, the weight of a female bird is only half that of a male bird, and the skin tumor and fleshy droop on her head are also small.

nutritive value

Turkey has tender and refreshing meat, strong game, high lean meat rate, rich protein content and low cholesterol and fat. The content of protein is as high as 30.5%, and it is rich in various amino acids, especially methionine and lysine, which is higher than other meat birds. Vitamin E and B vitamins are also rich, which have magical effects of improving human immunity and anti-aging. The meat is warm and slightly hot, sweet and has a strong nourishing effect. It has a good curative effect on palpitation, dizziness, weakness of spleen and stomach, loss of appetite, chronic illness, soreness of waist and knees, etc.