Appreciation of Qu Yuan's Li Sao and its influence on later generations

Appreciation 1: Chapter 1 (Regret) Line 53: The poet reviews his life's efforts, pursuits, struggles and failures from his family background, and expresses his unswerving spirit and unrepentant attitude towards death with indignation.

The second chapter (reflection) 38 lines; Then facing his own failure, he made a profound reflection. After all, it is an indisputable fact that you have been defeated. Therefore, the poet is right? The path doesn't seem clear? Pick it up first? Take a step back and tidy your clothes? Generally express their own reflection, but only in this way, it lacks waves and is difficult to go deep, so borrow? Sister? The character accused him from the opposite side and persuaded him to come out? Reasoning with Shun Di? The first section not only deepens reflection, but also strengthens emotion. Even the closest friendship, the one you care about most? Sister? , so scold, so advise, who else in the world can understand yourself? In a fit of pique Reasoning with Shun Di? . The result of reflection strengthened my ideals and beliefs.

Chapter 3 (Try Again) Line 38: I actively searched again, looking up and down, but there was no result. The poet wrote it himself? Watch your way, okay? . This is a new effort after being slandered, but no matter knock? Tianmen? Or? Seeking beauty? , all ended in failure.

Chapter 4 (Wandering) Line 38: The poet has fallen into depression and wandering again. Efforts and failures, where to go? The poet is helpless, so? Use Qiong Mao as a divination? , please spirit atmosphere accounted for his doubt. The result of psychic divination is that you must travel far away from Chu to have a way out. After some consideration, I still hesitated. So I asked the wizard for advice. After careful consideration, finally decided? Go far away? Leave Chu to travel.

The fifth chapter (how to vote) 2 1 line; After careful consideration, the poet ended his wandering and recognized the spiritual atmosphere. Jigua? , choose? Giri? Set out. But a trip full of longing is still because? Care about Chu? And gave up halfway:? Bend down and stop? . As a result, you can only choose to die for your country. Follow Peng Xian home! ?

The whole poem is a first-person narrative structure with clear plot and distinct context, and its expression and lyricism are integrated into the narrative process, closely combining with the specific stage of plot development, thus achieving a strong effect of expressing grief and indignation.

Appreciation 2: Song Qi, a famous historian and poet in Song Dynasty, said: Li Sao is the ancestor of Ci Fu, which was written by later generations. If it is perfect, it can't be strict, and if it is round, it can't go beyond the rules. ? In other words, Li Sao not only opened up a vast literary field, but also was an unattainable model of China's poetry and prose.

Li Sao was written in 245 years in Chu Huaiwang (305 BC and 304 BC), and two or three years after Qu Yuan was released to the Northern Han Dynasty. The land in the north of Han Dynasty is north of a section where Hanshui River bends eastward and flows eastward. Today, Tianmen, Yingcheng, Jingshan and Yunmeng County are the lands in the north of Han Dynasty. For sixteen years, Huai Wangwan drafted a constitutional order and advocated political reform and joint Qin. He was framed by internal and external opposition forces and left the left post. Later, Chu was defeated by Qin in Danyang and Lantian, and Qu Yuan was called back to the court and appointed as the envoy to Qi. In the twenty-fourth year of Chu Huaiwang, Qin Chu got married. In the twenty-fifth year, Qin Chu formed an alliance with Huang Ji, Qin returned to Chu, and Qu Yuan was released to Hanbei.

North and northwest of Han Dynasty, not far from the old capital of Chu (now Yicheng). Li Sao was written by Qu Yuan after visiting the ancestral halls of the first king and ministers. The beginning of the poem traces back to the distant ancestor of Chu and the great ancestor of Qu family. What does it say at the end? Linyi hometown? Reluctant to leave, I wrote spiritual divination and witchcraft divination in the middle, all of which are related to this specific creative environment.

Li Sao is a passionate political lyric poem and an artistic masterpiece combining realism and romanticism. Some fragments in the poem reflect the historical facts at that time (such as? At first, I talked to Yu Cheng. Regret running away and having him. ? Digitization of injured spirit? In other words, Wang Huai repeated his attitude towards Qu Yuan several times in political diplomacy. However, in the performance, romanticism was completely adopted: not only the materials of myths and legends were used, but also a large number of figurative techniques were used to express their feelings with flowers and birds. Take love as the heart, take things as the face, and be depressed and resentful? (Liu's Essays). The deployment of vehicles in the figurative symbols used by poets is based on the inheritance of traditional culture, which always gives people a feeling of endless meaning.

Because of the poet's incomparable grief and passion, the whole poem is like a river, boundless. But after careful consideration, both the conception of artistic conception and the external structure reflect the poet's extraordinary artistic ingenuity.

Conceptually, this poem describes two worlds: the real world and the surreal world composed of heaven, gods, ancient figures and personified sun, moon, wind, thunder, wind and birds. This surreal fantasy world is a supplement to the real world. There is no king on the ground and no emperor in the sky; On earth? Everyone is fighting for greed? If you can't find a comrade, you can't achieve anything if you beg for your daughter. This is somewhat similar to Xi Fang Ping's description of the underworld in Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio. Only in "Xi Fang Ping", the hero went to another world by turning people into ghosts, while in "Li Sao", he shuttled freely between heaven and earth. This conception is more suitable for expressing the passion of lyric poetry. The celestial world envisioned by the poet is above the high altitude and the legendary Kunlun Mountain, which is consistent with the universal consciousness and prototype myth formed from the primitive society, so it is very natural, and it is more mythical than the treatment of going to another world through death, dreams and eternal life in later literary works, and has no religious superstition. The background presented by the poet is broad, majestic and magnificent. The beauty, strength and sadness of its artistic conception are unprecedented. In particular, the poet regards the image of dragon and horse as a tool from the world to heaven and from heaven to the world. According to the lost article of Shang Hou, Emperor Yao acceded to the throne. Armored dragon horse? . One of the archetypes of ancient animal dragons in China is the deified steed. In the Book of Rites? Is a horse over eight feet a dragon? , "Lv Chunqiu" said? Beauty of horse, horse of dragon, riding of heritage? . The horse on the earth is a dragon when it is lifted up. Originally, it was only the difference between the ground and the sky, but because of the implication of the changes in Shen Jun, the sky became a paradise. The poet formed the internal structure of this long poem with the help of his own plot changes from earth to heaven and from heaven to earth. The plot of the fragments written in the poem is only used as the carrier of emotion to externalize the ideological struggle and emotional changes. However, these plots effectively avoid the disadvantages that long lyric poems are easy to flow in the air.

From the external structure, the whole poem is divided into three parts and a ceremony. The first part is from beginning to end? Although my body has not changed, how can I punish my heart? , narrates his life, and reviews the poet's spiritual course of striving for self-improvement and struggling with the environment for the sake of realistic lofty political ideals, as well as his emotional changes after tragic failure. This is the true expression of his thoughts in the most intense turmoil. From where? The woman's embarrassment, apply? Where to? If I don't feel sad, how can I endure the end of my life? For the second part. Among them, the daughter's accusation shows that even his relatives don't understand him, and his loneliness is unparalleled. This leads to the plot of making a statement to Zhong Hua. This is the transition from the real society to the fantasy world (emphasizing the ancient sage who died for more than 1000 years, so it is obvious to call him? Virtual? ; But the poet imagined that it was the place where he was buried in Cangwu, so there were some? Real? )。 Then a trip to the sky. If you can't get into the Heavenly Palace, you will ask for women up and down, which shows the tenacious spirit of the poet's political struggle and constant pursuit. From where? Do you want to eat a big meal? Where to? The servant is sadder than Mahuay. What can he do? As the third part, it shows the poet's ideological struggle on whether to stay or not, and shows his deep feelings for the motherland, which makes people sad to read! The last section is the ceremony. ? Since it's not enough for American politics, I'll stay at Peng Xian's house? Although there are not many words, it shows that the poet's patriotism is linked to his ideal of American politics. This is the crowning touch after the climax of the whole poem, which is used to wrap the whole poem, deepen the theme of the poem, and show a clearer flow direction, such as the surging emotion of the Yangtze River. The first part of this poem shows the poet's environment and his own course in a way close to realism. The latter two novels bring readers into a fantastic realm with colorful and complicated descriptions. It often shows a vast and magical sight. If there is only the first one, although it is a masterpiece full of blood and tears, it cannot be an immortal work of romanticism; If there are only the latter two parts without the first part, then the political thought of the poem will be thinner and its theme will not be as implicit and clear as it is now; Both hazy and profound.