What should be paid attention to from propagation and cultivation to maintenance of iron chopsticks potted plants?

1. Pot propagation and cultivation techniques of iron chopsticks;

The process of potted iron chopsticks from propagation to cultivation is relatively simple, but there are two points that need special attention, because a little carelessness can easily affect the later growth and development. In reproduction, there are generally three methods: sowing, dividing plants and tissue culture.

1. Sowing: More suitable for ground planting. From the way of sowing, there are two kinds: drilling and sowing. Drill sowing is often used because germination is better than sowing. But whether drilling or sowing, we should pay attention to the following processes:

(1) Seed harvesting and treatment: Generally, in mid-May, the pericarp of potted plants turns from green to Huang Shi, and it is dried in the shade immediately after harvesting. There are two nodes in sowing time, one is sowing immediately after picking; The second is air drying and sowing in the next spring.

Iron chopsticks flowers sown by drilling method

(2) Preparation before sowing: Before sowing, soak the seeds in warm water of 40-50℃ for 3 days. Then prepare the seedbed. The seedbed must be in a semi-cool, ventilated and humid environment or do some shading treatment. At the same time, spread 5 cm thick soil with humus on the bed surface, rake it flat with iron harrow, and then spray potassium permanganate solution for disinfection.

(3) Start sowing: Generally, the drilling method is adopted. Firstly, shallow furrow of 3-5cm are made on that seedbed, and the row spacing is control at about15cm; Then, mix the soaked seeds in the shade with sand evenly, put them into the furrow, then cover them with humus and compact them. It is worth noting that no matter what kind of sowing method, the seedbed should be covered with sunshade net or non-woven fabric, and then watered frequently, which is beneficial to the germination of seeds.

Iron chopsticks with flowers and leaves in the wild.

2, ramet: more suitable for potted plants, a commonly used one, relatively simple. Generally combined with transplanting in summer and autumn. Before dividing plants, we can choose plants with many buds, and cut off the roots of 1-2 buds for planting and culture according to the distribution of buds on the roots. When next spring comes, there will be flowers to enjoy.

3, tissue culture: this is mainly through the realization of discovering new varieties, improving genes to reproduce, not commonly used.

Potted iron chopsticks by plant division method

4. Cultivation: Now that we know the three breeding methods of iron chopsticks, the next cultivation is relatively simple. Generally speaking, in the process of cultivation, there are mainly the following processes:

(1), plant selection: whether potted with iron chopsticks or transplanted, plants should be disinfected first. Considering that the root system of iron chopsticks is relatively developed, we can cut off those unnecessary, fragile and residual roots, select those strong and new roots for disinfection, and then serve them in the basin. Then carefully check whether there are any pests and diseases and obvious germs on the ramets, and cut them off in time if there are any.

Selected plants and flowerpots

(2) Pot selection: Considering that the root system of iron chopsticks is long and grows downward, it is easy to intertwine and knot each other in the later stage of growth. Therefore, in the selection of flowerpots, priority should be given to those deep pots (10- 15 cm), and the caliber can be less than 10 at the beginning, and it can be changed to 10- 15 later. Then before planting, you can choose to lay a layer of pebbles with a particle size of 3-5 cm on the bottom of the basin or pad a layer of coarse sand to enhance drainage.

(3) Soil selection: Iron chopsticks need loose, fertile and breathable sandy loam because they can't accumulate water. In the field of mixed soil, granular soil is more suitable. Generally, we use coarse-grained peat soil, perlite and garden soil with a ratio of 2: 1: 1. Humus soil, garden soil and coarse sand can also be used. Considering that iron chopsticks like weak alkaline loam, some organic fertilizer (chicken manure) can be added to improve them.

Soil preparation before potted iron chopsticks

(4) Cultivation: It is relatively simple to plant iron chopsticks in pot. We first spread a layer of coarse sand or vermiculite on the bottom of the flowerpot, then spread a layer of subsoil about 5 cm, and then put the soil back into the pot with the plant in one hand and the shovel in the other until it returns to the place 3 cm away from the edge of the pot for compaction and righting. Water the seedlings immediately after planting and put them in the shade.

Potted iron chopsticks after slow seedling.

Second, matters needing attention in the process of potted propagation and cultivation of iron chopsticks:

1. Potted iron chopsticks have well-developed roots, which are easily entangled and knotted after planting for a period of time, leading to root blockage, aging and necrosis. Generally, in the second year after planting, it is treated by cutting off the winding root system or replacing the big pot.

2. When planting iron chopsticks in potted plants, you can put a little root rot agent in the pot soil to prevent root rot in the later period.

Potted flowers of iron chopsticks obtained by ramet method

3. Potted flowers and stems of iron chopsticks obtained by plant division method can be placed in vases for a period of time without littering.

When the seedlings are placed in the shade, they must be placed in a ventilated and cool place. The seedling stage is over, so give some scattered light appropriately. If the temperature is too high, you can spray a little foliar water to cool down.

5. In case of rainy days in the slow seedling stage, the pot should be moved to a place without rain immediately, so as to avoid root rot caused by accumulated water in the pot and affect the later growth.

Iron chopsticks flowers grow normally in the sun.

Third, the maintenance and management of iron chopsticks after potted:

1. Considering that potted iron chopsticks are weak light plants, they like semi-shady and ventilated places. In the spring growing season, the light should be properly enhanced; In the summer dormancy period, the light is too strong; In autumn and winter, the temperature is not so strong; So you can move the pot to a sunny place to maintain the sunshine needed for growth.

2, in order to ensure the safety in summer, generally through shading, cooling, water control three measures to adjust. One is to move the flowerpot to a cool and ventilated place, and the other is not to put the flowerpot on the balcony or concrete floor in direct sunlight; Third, try not to expose the root system (covering the soil outside the root system) and reduce the amount and frequency of watering.

Potted iron chopsticks in the shade

3. When watering this piece, it is usually dry and wet alternately to ensure that the basin soil or substrate cannot be too wet. In terms of watering times, it is usually once every 2-3 days in spring and autumn, once every 3-5 days in winter, and it is necessary to control the water when the temperature is high in summer, usually once every 4-5 days. In terms of watering time, it is best to water in the morning or evening in summer, and move the basin to a cool and ventilated place immediately after watering. The watering time in other seasons should be normalized. When the air is too dry, foliar water should be sprayed around or on the ground for humidification.

4, when fertilizing, a small number of times, mainly dilute fertilizer. In the growing period, in addition to the organic fertilizer in the pot soil, an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be applied, and before the flowering period, potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be supplemented to promote flowering. Fertilization will be gradually reduced from May, stopped in July and August, and gradually resumed in mid-September.

Iron chopsticks flowers grow in the wild

5. After trimming this piece, it is usually trimmed after flowering (mid-May). It is worth noting that pruning after flowering is easy to lead to the growth of old diseased branches and leaves, so it should be carried out half a month in advance. After pruning old leaves in winter11-65438+February, the pot should be moved to a ventilated place immediately to slow down the seedlings, so as to promote the normal elongation of flower buds.

Summary: Potted iron chopsticks are generally not difficult from propagation and cultivation to later management. In the breeding and cultivation, as long as it is disinfected in the early stage, suitable cultivation soil is selected, watered and shaded, normal growth and development can be achieved. In the later stage, it is mainly about safe summer, mainly dealing with shading, cooling and water control, and the rest can be managed according to normal maintenance.