Interpretation of Classical Chinese in Shuo Yuan Gui De

1. It is said that the tour guide Yuan is drifting in the Xihe River and boating on the Yellow River in Wuhou. Halfway through the boat trip, he turned to Wu Qi and said, "The mountains and rivers are steep and magnificent. This is Wei's baby! " Wu Qi replied: "The stability of state power lies in benefiting the people, not in the danger of geopolitical situation.

Once upon a time, Sanmiao's home was near Dongting Lake, with Peng on the left and home on the right. Because it didn't cultivate virtue and didn't talk about faith, Yu Xia could destroy it. On the left of the territory of Xia Jie is the Yellow River and Jishui, on the right is Mount Tai and Huashan, on the south is a Queshan Mountain, and on the north is Yangchangban.

Shang Tang banished him because he was unkind. In the territory of Yin, there are Mengmeng Mountain on the left and Taihang Mountain on the right. Changshan Mountain is in its north, and the Yellow River flows through its south. King Wu killed him because he was unkind.

From this perspective, the stability of the regime lies in the kindness to the people, not in the geographical danger. If you don't show kindness, even people in the same boat will become your enemies! "He replied," well said. "

First of all, I want to say that the source of this sentence is a classic article, which is very wonderful!

The full text is as follows:

Yang Le will attack Zhongshan for Wei. His son is in Zhongshan and his son shows Yang Le in Zhongshan County. Yang Le didn't fail, but the more urgent it was to attack. The soup made by Zhongshan for his son is a cup of food for Yang Le. Zhongshan saw his sincerity and could not bear to fight with it, so he gained something. Therefore, it opened the way for Hou Wen. Hou Wen rewarded his work and doubted his heart. Sun Meng looked for Hume. When Qin Xiba returned, his mother would sing with him. Qin Xiba couldn't bear it, so she went with him. Sun Meng was very angry and drove Qin Xiba away. After living for a year, it is called Prince Fu. The left and right said, "Fu Qinsiba, you deserve it. Now you think the prince is rich. Why? " Sun Meng said, "If my husband can't have children, how can he have my son?" Therefore, cunning is not as good as sincerity. Yang Le doubted his merits, and Qin Xi and the Palestinians were guilty, but he was kind and heartless.

This sentence can be translated as follows:

Sun Yat-sen then cooked Yang Le's son and gave him soup. Yang Le had a drink. Sun Yat-sen saw Yang Le's determination and could not bear to fight with it, and finally won Sun Yat-sen. ..

Therefore, "sincerity" means "sincerity and determination"

"forbearance" means "intentional", and the original translation is correct.

Only by connecting with the context can you understand this sentence.

The full text is translated as follows:

Yang Le was the general of Wei who attacked Zhongshan. Yang Le's son is in Zhongshan County, and Zhongshan County hangs Yang Le's son for Yang Le to see. Yang Le did not weaken the will to attack because of this, and the attack became more violent. Sun Yat-sen then cooked Yang Le's son and gave him soup. Yang Le had a drink. Sun Yat-sen saw Yang Le's determination, could not bear to fight with it, and finally won Sun Yat-sen, so it became the place where Hou Wen made his fortune. Hou Wenxin praised his merits, but doubted his heart.

Sun Meng hunted and captured a tapir. Qin Xiba took it home, and his mother sang along. Qin Xiba couldn't bear it, so she asked tapir to find her mother. Sun Meng was very angry and exiled Qin Xiba. A year later, Qin Xiba was recalled to be the teacher of the prince. The person next to him said, "Qin Xiba is the guilty king, and now he is appointed as Prince Fu. Why? " Sun Meng replied, "How can he be pregnant with my son because of a tapir?" Therefore, it is better to be honest than to be clever and treacherous. Yang Le was suspected for his meritorious service, while Qin Xiba and Ba were more trusted for their guilt. The reason lies in the difference between benevolence and inhumanity.

3. Kneel for translation 5. Translation of the guide:

King Wu defeated the Shang Dynasty, summoned Jiang Taigong and asked him, "What should I do with the scholars of the Shang Dynasty?" Taigong replied: "I heard that I like that man, and I will also like the crows on his house, hate that man, and even hate his fence." How about killing them all and leaving no survivors? " King Wu said, "No." After Taigong went out, Shaogong came to see him. King Wu asked, "What do you think?" Shao Gong replied, "How about killing the guilty and letting the innocent live?" King Wu said, "No." After Shao Gong went out, Duke Zhou came to see him. King Wu asked; "What do you think we should do?" Duke Zhou said, "Let them live in their own homes and grow their own fields. Don't change because of the old dynasty and new ministers, be close to caring people. The people made mistakes, and the responsibility lies with me alone. " King Wu said, "How broad-minded you are to pacify the world!" People who respect teachers and respect morality are virtuous because of kindness.

For example, the garden guide says that "the guilty are killed and the innocent are alive". In the Garden Guide, a prince of Wu refers to the treatment of the old and young in the Shang Dynasty.

If there is a murderer who resists Zhou Wang or commits other capital crimes, he has to stay and continue to do his own thing. Yin Ke, the king of Wu, called Taigong and asked, "What about Naiqi?" Taigong said to him: "I love him, he is also a black house;" People who hate others hate others; What if Xian Liu defeated the enemy and made it more than enough? " The king said, "No way.

"squire out, less male in, Wang Yue said:" why? "Shao Gong said to him," What if the guilty person is killed and the innocent person is still alive? When Shao Gong went out and Zhou Gong came in, the King of Yue said, "Why?" ? Duke Zhou said, "Everyone lives in his own house and cultivates his fields. Different people have different opinions. The people have got it, and they are giving it to someone! " King Wu said, "It is very big, and the whole world is flat.

A gentleman takes benevolence as virtue! King Wu defeated the Shang Dynasty, summoned Jiang Taigong and asked him, "What should I do with the scholars of the Shang Dynasty?" Taigong replied: "I heard that I like that man, and I will also like the crows on his house, hate that man, and even hate his fence." How about killing them all and leaving no survivors? " King Wu said, "No." After Taigong went out, Shaogong came to see him. King Wu asked, "What do you think?" Shao Gong replied, "How about killing the guilty and letting the innocent live?" King Wu said, "No."

After Shao Gong went out, Duke Zhou came to see him. King Wu asked; "What do you think we should do?" Duke Zhou said, "Let them live in their own homes and grow their own fields. Don't change because of the old dynasty and new ministers, be close to caring people.

The people have made mistakes, and the responsibility lies with me alone. King Wu said, "How broad-minded you are to pacify the world!" People who respect teachers and respect morality are virtuous because of kindness.

5. Read the following classical Chinese selected from Shuo Yuan (1) Fish, what do I want, bear's paw, what do I want; You can't have your cake and eat it. You can't have your cake and eat it. Life is what I want; Righteousness is also what I want; You can't have both, and you have to sacrifice your life for righteousness. Life is what I want. I want it more than the living, so I don't want it. If there is nothing more in disgust than death, what can be done to avoid evil that can be used to escape evil? What people want is nothing more than life. Why not use people who can live? What makes people worse than the dead, so why not treat patients who can be cured? If you are right, you are born unnecessary. If you are right, you can make trouble without doing anything. A bowl of rice, a bowl of soup, you can live if you get it, but you will starve if you don't get it. But with disdain to drink and eat, hungry pedestrians are unwilling to accept it; Kick others' food with their feet, and beggars will not accept it.

(2) Ceng Zi (a famous ginseng) dressed for farming, and Pu Jun sent someone to give a gift to a fief (a city). Said, "Please use this to mend clothes." Ceng Zi has not been affected. Reversal, regression, no loss. The messenger said, "sir, if you don't want others, they will give it." Why don't you laugh at it? "

Ceng Zi said, "As soon as I heard about it, I was afraid of others and proud of them. Zongzi is talented, but I am not arrogant. Can I be fearless? " I won't. When Confucius heard this, he said, "The words of participation are enough for the whole festival." (selected from Shuo Yuan)

Explain the meaning of the following words.

(1) Therefore, people who have diseases that they don't have are also suffering from _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) Zongzi has given it. Am I arrogant and give it to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

4. Translate the following sentences in modern Chinese.

(1) Not only saints have a heart, but everyone has a heart, and saints can't lose their ears.

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(2) Mr. Don't ask for people, everyone gives it, and xi is welcome?

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[13] [A] The main viewpoints elaborated by the author in this article are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; [B] The article praised the noble qualities of Ceng Zi _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Please extract a basic rule of communication from [A] and [B].

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6. "Shuo Yuan" Liu Xiang translated Confucius into classical Chinese: "Life and death are all in ourselves, and natural and man-made disasters cannot be killed." When Emperor Xin was in Yin Dynasty, the nobles were born in the corner of the city. Gong said, "Whoever is young is born in a rich family, the country will be rich and the king's name will be multiplied." Di Xin liked the virtue of chivalry, but he didn't save the country. He was arrogant and violent, and even invaded the country, so he died in Yin. When he went against the sky, deception turned into a disaster. Yin Wu Wang regularly lacked a king, and the criminal law was relaxed. Sanggu was born in the DPRK, and Gong said, "Sanggu is also wild; Wild things live in the DPRK, which means that the DPRK dies! " Wu Ding feared terror, practiced horizontally, thought about the administration of the first king, prospered and destroyed the country, followed the peerless world, raised the people and knew the way to support the elderly; Three years later, the monarch in the distance retranslated The Six Kingdoms, which turned disaster into happiness. To elves. God swore to the emperor and vassals. Nightmare, so the police chief also. Therefore, Uber can't win good governance, and nightmares can't win charity; To the extreme, disaster is a blessing. Therefore, Tai Jia said, "Heaven is sinful, but it can be violated; Don't blame yourself. "

Fortunately, my husband was born in obscurity, but unfortunately, he was born in pride, and Qi Qinggong was also. The descendants of Duke Qing of Qi and Duke Huan are also respected by tyrants for their vast territory, strong country and rich army. They are arrogant and have been reluctant to join the princes. Instead, they attacked Lu and defeated the defenders in the new construction, regardless of the size of the trip. In Russia, Jin and Lu went to hire messengers, and the two countries were very angry. They turned to the party and help, and they won the defense and Cao. During the complementary period of the four countries, they defeated the division of Qi State, won the Duke of Qi Qing, and beheaded their ugly father. So they were afraid, and they fled home because of the bullying of their ugly father. Hanging one's neck for illness, not drinking or eating meat for seven years, the sound of carnation outside, far feminine, meeting and forming alliances, humble ministers, the righteousness of the country, seeking the voice of the princes, the place of death, self-seeking, respecting pets, can be described as avoiding change, so happiness is born of ambiguity, and misfortune is born of pride, and some gains are lost. (Shuo Yuan)

Confucius said: "Man's survival and happiness depend on himself. Natural and man-made disasters cannot make people extinct. " During the reign of Yin Dixin, a sparrow gave birth to a crow in the corner of the city. After divination, people who know how to predict said, "Ordinary people with great ambitions will be blessed by the country, and the power of kings will be more remarkable." Di Xin indulged in the good omen brought by Xiao Que, neglected politics, ran the country badly, and was cruel to the extreme. When the foreign enemy came, the state of Yin perished. This went against God's will, and the blessing turned into a disaster. At the beginning of Wuding, the laws governing the country by the first generation of kings were abandoned and the criminal law was destroyed. Mulberry trees and grains are planted in the yard. After divination, people who know how to predict said, "Sanggu, who grew up in the wild, is now growing up in the court, indicating that the country is going to perish." Wu Ding was terrified, so he carefully improved his conduct, longed for the benevolent government of the former monarch, revived the ruined vassal state, continued the severed Buddha, elected hermit sages, and affirmed the practice of providing for the aged; Three years later, the distant princes were very happy. Six princes came to worship, that is, they obeyed God's will and turned misfortune into happiness. Therefore, strange and ominous things are used by heaven to warn monarchs and vassals; Nightmares are used by heaven to warn literati. Therefore, weird and ominous things can't win benevolent governance, and nightmares can't win charity; If you govern the country wholeheartedly, evil will become a blessing. Therefore, Tai Jia said: "Natural disasters can still be avoided, and disasters caused by ourselves cannot be avoided."

Happiness comes from setbacks, and disaster comes from the achievement of goals. Qi Qinggong is like this. Qi Qinggong is a descendant of Qi Huangong. At the beginning of his reign, he was vast in territory and abundant in resources, with a large number of people, a strong army and a rich country, and the rest were all condescending when the Duke of Huan dominated. He is arrogant and never refuses to meet the prince. He also sent troops to attack Lu, and when he came back, he defeated Wei's army in Hsinchu. He despises small countries and big countries, and his behavior is very arrogant. Soon, Jin and Lu greeted each other, and Qi made fun of the messenger. Jin and Lu were furious, so they asked people to help them. The four countries helped each other, agreed to fight after the saddle, defeated the Qi army, captured Qi Qinggong alive and beheaded his ugly father. So Qi Qinggong was very scared and fled home by his ugly father's fraud. After returning, Qi Qinggong mourned the dead and consoled the sick. For seven years, he has never touched alcohol or eaten meat. He was out of the pipa and flute tube, far away from the beauty of the singer, met the vassal and made an alliance with him, and was demoted to the vassal. His fame spread widely in various vassal States. The land he lost before was delivered to his door uninvited, and the status of honor was obtained by force. It can be said that he is flexible, so he becomes ashamed and proud.

7. Classical Chinese translation "Great virtue, followed by newspaper service" is selected from [original] Great virtue, followed by newspaper service, courtesy is reciprocal, and it is indecent to go instead of coming. It is also impolite to come and not go. Politeness makes people safe, rudeness makes people dangerous, so it is said, "Polite people must learn."

Generally speaking, in the world of Three Emperors and Five Emperors, morality is respected, honesty and people are respected, while in the world of Three Kings, etiquette is prepared, and it is reported when it is reported, when it comes, and when it is returned. Where there is etiquette, there is honor and inferiority, and people are safe. In a society without etiquette and order, everyone doesn't know what will happen in the future, so it will be very dangerous and uneasy, because etiquette must be learned at that time.

This means that ancient times advocated the virtue of simplicity and kindness, and later generations devoted themselves to giving and returning. The key here is not to say that ancient people did not ask for something in return, but that people at that time did not lose the original purpose of the ceremony because they asked for something in return. Politeness pays attention to reciprocity. It is impolite for him to visit others without others coming to see you. It is impolite for you not to visit others when they come to visit you. Polite people will be safe, rude people will be dangerous. Therefore, it is necessary to learn etiquette.