The expressive significance of the personal belongings of the four great bodhisattvas.

The four famous Buddhist mountains in China are Guanyin Bodhisattva, Earth Treasure Bodhisattva, Manjusri Bodhisattva and Huaying Dojo in Pu Xian. These four bodhisattvas carry different instruments according to their status, and these different instruments represent different Buddhist meanings. This paper briefly introduces the different expressions of the instruments carried by the four great bodhisattvas:

First, the Great Compassion Guanyin Bodhisattva

Guanyin Bodhisattva is one of the most influential and respected bodhisattvas among the people. There is a saying among the people that "every family has a world outlook and every family has a Buddha". In the Tang Dynasty in China, in order to avoid Li Shimin's taboo, the word "world" was omitted, and it was called "Guanyin Bodhisattva". Later, it became a habit. Until today, the world still calls it Guanyin Bodhisattva. There is no distinction between men and women in Guanyin Bodhisattva. The Book of Guanyin Bodhisattva says that Guanyin Bodhisattva is what all living beings should look like. After the Tang Dynasty, some eminent monks and great virtues often painted Guanyin Bodhisattva as a female figure, just like a loving mother, to show Guanyin Bodhisattva's compassion. I hope to express Bodhisattva's compassion for all sentient beings with maternal love.

Guanyin Bodhisattva is a kind bodhisattva who is full of compassion and helps the suffering of all beings.

Guanyin bodhisattva praised the cloud:

Guanyin bodhisattva is wonderful and hard to pay, pure and solemn.

Thirty-two should be Zhou Chen's brake, and one million should be robbed.

Nectar in the bottle is often spilled all over the ground, and the branches in the hands are not autumn.

Thousands of places pray for thousands of answers, and the sea of suffering is often a boat.

It is the greatest wish of Guanyin Bodhisattva to be responsive. Therefore, when people encounter diseases and disasters, they often pray for compassion from Guanyin Bodhisattva to save the suffering of all beings.

In the Shurangama Sutra, Guanyin Bodhisattva is often praised by Manjusri Bodhisattva as the first of the twenty-fifth Tong Yuan, because "this shore is really religious and has a clean reputation". All beings in the Buddhist world have very keen ears, and it is easy to believe when they hear Buddhism or recite Brahma.

Hokkekyo Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva's Pumen Pin "records the Avalokitesvara of Bodhisattva and measures all kinds of sufferings of sentient beings. Those who should measure it anytime and anywhere should be freed no matter where they are. Anyone who is in danger will say the name of Guanyin Bodhisattva, and the Bodhisattva will immediately listen to her voice and go to the rescue.

In the fifty-three fingers of auspicious boy entering the dharma circle in Huayan Jing, Guanyin Bodhisattva is the twentieth good knowledge visited by auspicious boy. Fu Yun went to the residence of Bodhisattva Luojiashan, and Guanyin Bodhisattva explained "Great Compassion Practice" for him. According to the records in the fifty-third chapter of Hua Yan Jing, a rich boy went to the residence of Guanyin Bodhisattva in Luojiashan, Bufu. China people thought that this was the residence of Guanyin Bodhisattva in China, and named it Putuo Mountain. Along the way, Mount Putuo became a sacred place for believers to worship Guanyin Bodhisattva.

According to the same allusion, the image of "the boy worships Guanyin" came into being. Others regard the boy who is good at money and the dragon girl and * * * in Beijing opera as the servants of Guanyin Bodhisattva. At present, the most common statue of avalokitesvara with thousands of hands and eyes, with thousands of hands representing magical powers and thousands of eyes representing wisdom, indicates that the bodhisattva has the ability to respond to the feelings of all beings and go to rescue at any time and place.

Guanyin Bodhisattva often holds a bottle for nourishing wisdom, also known as Liu Yang Guanyin. Liu Yang regards its pliancy as a symbol of Guanyin's mercy to save the suffering beings. There is a saying that "King Kong shines, Bodhisattva lowers her eyebrows". The pure bottle of Guanyin Bodhisattva is filled with pure water, which has the function of eliminating disasters and taking refuge. Therefore, "the nectar in the bottle is often sprinkled" means that Guanyin Bodhisattva often releases the suffering of all beings. Avalokitesvara's compassion is sincere and rational love, treating all sentient beings as their own children and caring with love and wisdom, which is the representative of both sadness and wisdom.

Second, the great wish for the Tibetan king and bodhisattva.

The Bodhisattva Ksitigarbha is the most desirable of the four great bodhisattvas and the most filial one in Buddhism. The "earth" in Bodhisattva's Tibetan is the earth, and "Tibetan" is the treasure. It is used to describe that there are infinite treasures in our hearts, which should be excavated by filial piety.

In the Wishing Sutra of the Earth-Tibet Bodhisattva, it is introduced to us that the Earth-Tibet Bodhisattva accepted the instructions of Sakyamuni Buddha in the Heavenly Palace. After the death of Buddha, before Maitreya became a monk, in this era without Buddhist enlightenment, filial piety was used instead of Buddha to educate all beings. It is also introduced that before the infinite robbery, when the Bodhisattva Dizang was a Brahmin woman and a bare-eyed woman, she made a big wish to save her mother who had fallen into evil deeds: "The hell is not empty and will never become a Buddha; Bodhi can only be proved when all beings are exhausted. "

Hell certainly has its place, but this place is also an expression of the most miserable place in the world, so any extremely painful time and place is the place where the Tibetan Buddha saves all beings. Hell is the place where Tibetan Bodhisattva saves all sentient beings, because it is the most bitter place among the six divisions of Karma Wheel.

In fact, the enlightenment of the Tibetan Bodhisattva is not limited to hell. In this world, where there is suffering, there is the figure of Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva. For example, all kinds of natural and man-made disasters in the world are often described as "purgatory on earth". At this time, all those who come to help these sufferings can be regarded as the embodiment of Bodhisattva.

As for the story of Tibetan Bodhisattva, it is said that Jin Qiaojue, a monk of Silla royal family, crossed the sea to China when Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. When he passed through Chizhou, Anhui Province, he saw Jiuhua Mountain with undulating peaks and lush trees, which was the advantage of monasticism, so he chose a place to live on the mountain and devoted himself to practice, and was protected by the mountain owner Gong Min at that time. Gong Min's son followed him to become a monk, and his legal name was Ming Dow. Later, Gong Min gave his son Ming Dow a gift to become a monk as a teacher. Decades later, Jin Qiaojue died at the age of ninety-nine. He was in good health and entered the tower. Because he was faithful to the wish of the Earth-Tibet Bodhisattva before his death, later generations regarded him as the incarnation of the Earth-Tibet Bodhisattva.

Now, the body hall of the Bodhisattva in Jiuhua Mountain is the temple in Jin Qiaojue. In order to commemorate Gong Min's contribution to the protection of the law and Ming Dow's virtue of popularizing the law, later generations shaped them into a monk and a layman, who served as assistants to Tibetan bodhisattvas.

Generally, the statues of Tibetan Bodhisattva seen by the world are all Buddhist monks, which are "bodhisattvas with inner secrets and external sounds". They hold the wishful orb in their left hand and Zhang Xi in their right hand, or sit or stand on the lotus, and some still wear pentagonal hats. A treasure pearl in the hand of the Bodhisattva Ksitigarbha indicates that light can shine on the void dharma circle and all sentient beings in the world, so that they can enjoy their sufferings and be freed from light. Pearl also represents the ability to realize the wishes of all beings and break the ignorance of all beings. Bodhisattva holds Zhang Xi in his hand, which means that this Zhang Xi can shake the door of hell and save all suffering beings who are addicted to karma and get rid of the suffering of hell. Xi Zhang also has an intention to warn the lost beings.

Three. Manjusri Bodhisattva with great wisdom

Manjusri Bodhisattva, the full name of Manjusri Bodhisattva, is a Sanskrit transliteration, literally translated as wonderful virtue, wonderful fragrance and wonderful luck. According to the "Manjusri Nirvana Sutra", Manjusri was born in a Brahmin family in Swasti, ancient India. Later he became a monk with Sakyamuni Buddha. After the death of Sakyamuni, he came to Yunshan to explain the Twelve Classics to 500 immortals. Finally, I returned to my birthplace and stumbled to nirvana under the Xitian tree. According to the Maharani Sutra, the Manjusri Bodhisattva, Sakyamuni Buddha told King Kong that there is a country called "Dazhenna" in the northeast of Nanhanbu (the world that Buddhism says we live in now). There is a big mountain and five peaks in the country, which are called the Five Mountains. After the death of Sakyamuni Buddha, Manjusri Bodhisattva will March here in the form of a boy, live in the mountains, and preach Buddha to all beings. It is also mentioned in The Residence of Huayanjing Bodhisattva that there is a place called Liang Qing in the northeast, where there is a bodhisattva called Manjusri Bodhisattva. He and his family, as well as many bodhisattvas, often give lectures on law in the mountains. In China, Wutai Mountain, also known as Liang Qing, is still very cold in summer because of the snow all year round, so people regard Wutai Mountain as the Dojo of Manjusri Bodhisattva. Over time, it has become a sacred place for believers to worship Manjusri Bodhisattva.

Manjusri Bodhisattva occupies a high position in Mahayana Buddhism. He is the head of all bodhisattvas and is regarded as the son of the Tathagata, so he is often called the king of France. He is the embodiment of wisdom and often cooperates with Sakyamuni to preach Buddhism. Manjusri Bodhisattva is the representative of Prajnaparamita wisdom, which often appears in the Prajnaparamita Sutra, and ranks first in China and Tibet with Bodhisattva.

It is often said in the classics that Manjusri Bodhisattva is the teacher of seven buddha and the mother of all buddhas. This means that the wisdom of Manjusri Bodhisattva is the teacher and mother of all Buddhas. All sentient beings cannot achieve Buddhism without Prajna, and Buddhas cannot appear in the world without wisdom. However, the wisdom of Prajna is intangible and untouchable. Prajna is often described in the scriptures as "a broken heart", which is difficult to express in words. Therefore, taking Manjusri Bodhisattva as the representative, I hope to give ordinary people an image metaphor of wisdom and understand the importance of Prajna in Buddhism.

The wisdom of Manjusri Bodhisattva is put into our daily life, that is, to maintain a high degree of reason and not to be emotional. There is a saying in Buddhism that "it is convenient to open the door with compassion"; Only with compassion and convenience guided by wisdom can Bodhi grow and attract all beings.

Our common Manjusri Bodhisattva is like a lion, with its legs spread apart and a lotus flower in its left hand, which is wishful (or sword, lotus flower, etc. ) In his right hand, he wears the crown of heaven and coils of clothes, elegant and gentle, with an elegant and quiet portrait of heaven. The lion is the king of all animals, and there is a saying that "when a lion roars, all animals are surprised". Therefore, the Buddha's statement is often compared to the "lion's roar" in the scriptures, describing the deafening effect of the Buddha's dharma sound on all beings. Taking the lion as the seat of Manjusri Bodhisattva shows that Bodhisattva is intelligent and fierce, and can overcome all troubles. Holding Prajnaparamita Sutra in the left hand and putting Prajnaparamita Sutra on the flower indicate that Prajnaparamita wisdom is spotless. Holding a sword in the right hand, the King Kong sword can cut off demons. For example, great wisdom is like a sword, which can cut off all ignorance and troubles.

Fourth, the great samantabhadra bodhisattva

Pu Xian is a Sanskrit transliteration, which means the whole territory of Kyrgyzstan in Chinese. "Hua Yan Da Shu" said: "The body is omnipotent. Become virtuous with fate; One is that everything exists and everything is virtuous; In addition, the legal circles in Germany and Zhou called it general, gentleness is good, and virtue is good. The moral principles and behaviors of Buddhas are contrary to those of Manjushri, that is, they represent morality and behavior. " Virtue, it is said that samantabhadra bodhisattva has the virtue of prolonging life; Doing is the top ten wishes made by Bodhisattva Samantabhadra, so the name of the Bodhisattva is "Go to Pu Xian". Pu Xian learned from his deeds that he was cautious and quiet, so Bodhisattva liked elephants. Bai Zun is a symbol of Bodhisattva's willingness to be broad and complete. So Bodhisattva Samantabhadra rides a six-toothed white elephant and holds it in his hand.

Six-toothed white elephants are six kinds of seamless communication of Bodhisattva. Teeth are clever and magical, and elephants are powerful, which shows that the dharma body has no leakage, so it is called white. The "six teeth" symbolize six magical powers: God's foot, eyes, ears, his heart, destiny and leakage. Pu Xian observed the scriptures and said, "Six teeth indicate six degrees, and four feet indicate four wishes. (Six degrees: giving, keeping precepts, enduring humiliation, diligence, meditation and wisdom; Four ruyi: wish, think, fight and be wise.) On Zong Lun said: "The Bodhisattvas entered the mother's abdomen and made white pictograms. "Or take a white elephant, or make a white elephant, and the soft and powerful" six-toothed white elephant "under the seat symbolizes its virtue.

According to Hua Yan Jing. Bodhisattva's residence. Believers in China said that there is a mountain called Guangming in the southwest, where the Bodhisattva travels, so they decided that Mount Emei, located in Sichuan Province, southwest of China, is the Dojo of the Bodhisattva. Most of our common images of Samantabhadra Bodhisattva are immortal figures wearing a crown of treasure, colorful clothes, holding a lotus flower, putting Buddhist scriptures on the top of the flower, riding a white elephant with six teeth and a full moon face. Elephants are characterized by great strength and stability, so they are often used to describe bodhisattva's brave and steady practice, no hurry and no rashness, and slow progress. Like white, have a clean heart; Bodhisattva takes ten thousand steps six times, and her teeth are not afraid of all obstacles. Bodhisattva Bodhisattva and Manjusri Bodhisattva are both the first bodhisattvas in the Sino-Tibetan world, and they are also called "Hua Yan San Xian" with Piluzena Buddha.

In addition, the image of Samantabhadra Bodhisattva, in the tantric fetal Tibetan world, is folded hands, or purple in the left hand and palm in the right hand; In the world of diamonds, violets are held in the right hand and fists are clenched in the left. Pu Xian, also called "Vajrayana" in the realm of King Kong, is the protector of the Buddha and the leader of all kinds of King Kong.

Bodhisattva Samantabhadra, the first bodhisattva of Huayanhui, is the representative of the highest bodhisattva. According to the scripture, the appearance and merits of the Bodhisattva are everywhere, and it is a pure Miao Shan, so it is called Pu Xian.

In Hua Yan Jing. When entering the dharma circle, the fifty-third good knowledge visited by a good boy is Bodhisattva Samantabhadra. Bodhisattva Bodhisattva said ten kinds of wishes to the auspicious boy, and the auspicious boy became a Buddha smoothly, so he was called Mahayana Bodhisattva.

Through the above introduction, we can not only understand the kindness of avalokitesvara, the filial parents and service teachers of Tibetan Bodhisattva, the magnanimity of Manjusri Bodhisattva and the great wishes of the vast number of wise Bodhisattvas, but also understand the profound Buddhist meanings represented by the possessions of the four great Bodhisattvas, thus giving more enlightenment to our practice.