Liu Xing's The Lone Ranger

-Mr. Liu Xing, a giant in the field of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and a master of Chinese studies.

Master Liu Xing's academic achievements and contributions are various, and the capacity of a short article is beyond words. This paper just wants to congratulate the publication of Liu Xing's academic anthology in the 20th century and talk about his contribution to Oracle bone research.

Speaking of Liu Xingfu's contribution to the study of Oracle bones, the first thing to say is the General Examination of Zhen Bu Zi in Shang Dynasty (hereinafter referred to as the General Examination). This book with chastity as the key link and divination as the latitude is the crystallization of the author 10' s painstaking efforts for many years. As soon as 438+03 was published in 2065, it caused a sensation in academic circles and was of epoch-making significance in the history of Oracle bone research. The contribution of the General Examination to Oracle Bone Inscriptions is as follows:

1. Create a new style of comprehensively sorting out Oracle Bone Inscriptions with "chastity research method" as the key link. Since Dong Zuobin put forward the theory of "Ren Zhen", there has been no comprehensive arrangement of the data of "Ren Zhen", and "General Examination" is the first work in this field. "General Examination" collected all the data of Oracle bones that could be seen at that time, crawled Dong and lived separately, and made a detailed case study with "Ren Zhen" as all the materials. Under each "Ren Zhen", the divination content is classified, the information is listed item by item, explained with the article, and analyzed emphatically; There are many clever schemes in the book, which win the righteousness like a cloud. There are various information indexes at the back of the book, which is very convenient to use.

2. Revise all Oracle Bone Inscriptions to provide more scientific and accurate information for academic circles. General Examination quoted 58 descriptions of Oracle bones, including all the materials that could be seen at that time, and also quoted 7 unpublished Oracle bones, which was very valuable. Facing the vast amount of Oracle Bone Inscriptions materials, General Examination made a detailed collation (including the original materials and the same characters). Through the visual inspection of some Oracle bones collected overseas, many problems in Zhang Jin's and French manuscripts were corrected. The phenomenon of seeing the same characters in Oracle Bone Inscriptions is extremely serious, confusing and difficult to study. The general examination compares all Oracle bone inscriptions in detail, and makes detailed comments on the heavy tablets, which provides great convenience for scholars to use these materials. The general examination has paid necessary attention to some special writing phenomena in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, such as "missing notes" (P469) and "correcting mistakes after engraving" (P479), which is very enlightening.

3. Develop the ritual system of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and restore the true face of Yin and Shang society. Master Liu Xing has always emphasized the importance of "ceremony" and "ritual system" in the study of ancient history, which also runs through the whole unified examination. For example, General Examination pays special attention to the "astronomical phenomena" recorded in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, which not only reveals the astronomical significance of the "astronomical phenomena", but also combines ancient books to find out the reflection of these records in the etiquette system of the Yin and Shang Dynasties and their connection with the skills of later generations. In addition, such as "businessmen use both divination and divination", which has been confirmed by new data and research, fully showing the author's foresight.

4. Be good at understanding words and reading Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Master Liu Xing is familiar with ancient books and has a solid foundation in primary school. When he is applied to the interpretation of Oracle inscriptions, he often has a unique vision and a wonderful solution. Everything can be closely combined with ancient books or new materials published later. From time to time, the textual research and explanation of the general examination also have novel opinions.

After 200 1, Liu xingfu's research interest shifted to foreign affairs and the study of Dunhuang scriptures. It was not until the publication of the Collection of Oracle Bone Inscriptions in 2003 that Liu Xingfu returned to the field of Oracle Bone Inscriptions studies. Since 2009, Master Liu Xing has been planning and editing Oracle Bone Inscriptions as a Mirror, which is a large-scale information index, and Ms. Liu is responsible for the specific compilation. Liu Fuzi wrote a long preface at the beginning of each volume, and made an in-depth analysis and discussion on related Oracle bones, many of which represented Liu Xingfu's new thinking and had a strong enlightening and guiding significance. In the preface of the first volume (Volume I, Volume I, Volume I, Volume I, Volume I), Master Liu Xingfu further elaborated the opinions on chastity and pit position that had been put forward in the general examination, but most of them were not published. In addition, Liu Xingfu also commented on some trends in the study of Oracle bone dating, which was thought-provoking.

The second volume is the volume of place names. In the preface, Master Liu Xingfu put forward "three difficulties and three obstacles" for researchers to identify the place names in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Master Liu Xing also classified, compared and explained the place names in Oracle Bone Inscriptions in detail, and made a new textual research on the place names of the four countries in the Yin Dynasty, especially their viewpoints. Many ideas are original and convincing.

The third volume is the astronomical and meteorological sub-volume. In the preface, Master Liu Xingfu first demonstrated the significance of "Qi" in astronomical phenomena, then talked about the connection between "Qi" and four winds, Oracle Bone Inscriptions, and then summarized and reinterpreted some controversial meteorological records in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. At the end of the preface, there is a special article to prove the astrology and the problems of participation, business, dragon, tiger and twenty-eight lodging in the Oracle inscriptions of Yin Ruins, pointing out: "The knowledge of stars in the Oracle inscriptions of Yin Ruins is basically ready." This discovery is amazing, especially in the history of ancient astronomy.

The fourth volume is the official character volume. In the preface, Master Liu Xingfu first talked about the origin, composition and characteristics of official positions in Yin Dynasty, pointing out that the establishment of ancient official positions originated in Yu Xia, while the establishment of official positions corresponding to heaven and man began in Yin Dynasty, and analyzed the official positions in Oracle Bone Inscriptions one by one, and discussed the titles and surnames in Oracle Bone Inscriptions with ancient books and inscriptions.

The fifth volume is a book about hunting. In the preface, Master Liu Xingfu first analyzed the terminology and language format in hunting Oracle Bone Inscriptions, and then pointed out that the relationship between hunting and sacrifice, especially military salute, was very important. In addition, on the textual research and interpretation of some difficult words in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Master Liu Xing also put forward some new opinions worthy of attention.

Professor Liu Xing's research on various aspects of Oracle Bone Inscriptions has not only drawn some wonderful conclusions, but also has methodological significance. For example, in the article How to Further Improve Oracle Bone Inscriptions's Intensive Reading Level and Understand Oracle Bone Inscriptions Literature, Master Liu Xing suggested that Oracle Bone Inscriptions's intensive reading method should start from two aspects: "First, from point to surface-from a word to all sentences related to this word, and compare them. The second is from line to point-in the comparative study of synonyms in the same series, repeated investigations are made to determine the true meaning of the word in the context. " In the article "The Prediction of Japanese Sacrifices and Japanese Books in Yin Dynasty —— One of the Items of Yin Li Gang", the records of "Predicting Japanese Days" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions are summarized and analyzed, and the conclusion is drawn that "Japanese books in Yin Dynasty have Japanese books although they have no names". In the article "The Legend of Muzong People in Sichuan and the Place Names in Southwest Yin —— Uncovering the Mystery of the Strange Word" □ "in Oracle Bone Inscriptions", this paper makes textual research on an ancient strange word in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, compares it with the bronzes unearthed in Sanxingdui, Sichuan, and further discusses the place names and ethnic groups in Southwest Yin. In the article Textual Research on Yin Shangjia's Micro-writing of Nuo, this paper analyzes the forms of Nuo in Yin Dynasty by using ancient books and Oracle Bone Inscriptions, and puts forward the conclusion that Nuo originated in Yin and is one of the Yin rites. Similar to the original conclusion of the novel above, there are countless works listed above, and readers can refer to them by themselves.

With the excavation of Sanxingdui culture, Master Liu Xing turned his research vision to the southwest, and through years of painstaking research and thinking, he opened up a new field for Oracle bone research. Combining ancient books with Oracle Bone Inscriptions, he made a new study on Bashu culture and geography from both vertical and horizontal aspects, and found dozens of place names in Bashu area of Yin Dynasty in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. This study is a breakthrough, breaking the previous view that most countries in Oracle Bone Inscriptions are located in the northern region, and opening up a new situation for the study of cultural geography of Yin Shang and Ba Shu. Around this point of view, he wrote dozens of articles and compiled them into a book "A Study of Tribal Geography in Southwest Yin".

Generally speaking, in the study of Oracle bones, Liu Xingfu's contribution is enough to keep pace with the four masters of Oracle bone research, that is, the so-called "four masters of Oracle bone research" and become the "fifth master" in the history of Oracle bone research.

Master Liu Xing, in the noisy mainland, can ignore the secular and concentrate on his studies. As a baby, the little chef hippo is firm, and his purity of mind and love of learning set an example for academic circles.

———— Fan Ceng wrote an article in January 20 14.