A brief introduction to the life of Wokuotai, the son of Genghis Khan, who strictly abides by the laws made by his father after he ascended the throne.

Yuan Taizong, known as Wokuotai, is the great Khan of Mongolia, also known as the Emperor and Han. Genghis Khan's third son, his mother, gave a tribute to the Queen Hong Keats. Xichun in the Southern Song Dynasty was born in the 13th year of Taizong (A.D. 1 186) and died in the 13th year of Taizong (the first year of Chu female in the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 124 1).

First, smart and steady Wokuotai started riding and archery when he was very young, and spent his youth on horseback. He followed his father to fight everywhere and grew into a soldier.

In the third year of Jiatai (AD 1203), Temujin led an army to fight against Wang Han of Kelie Department in Shatuo, Helan Town. Wokuotai, who is only 18 years old, fought with the army and struggled tenaciously.

In the winter of Jiatai four years, after Temujin wiped out Naiman's department, he attacked the begging department in the north, gave all three surnames of Mai Gudan, Li and Cha Hun, and gave his son Su Du's wife to Wokuotai. Wokuotai happily accepted her as his concubine. Later, Toregene gave birth to Gui You for him.

Kyle Polo, the wife of Genghis Khan, gave birth to four sons: the eldest son Shu Chi, the second son Chahetai, the third son Wokuotai and the fourth son Tuo Lei. They followed Genghis Khan's expedition to the east and the west, and, like the four pillars of the empire, made great contributions to the establishment of the Mongolian empire. According to their abilities and specialties, Genghis Khan assigned their four sons different tasks: Shu Chi was in charge of hunting; Chagatai Palm Act; Wokuotai is in charge of state affairs; Tuo Lei unified the army. Although the youngest son, Tuo Lei, was the most popular, Genghis Khan, as the founding king, chose the honest, generous and cautious Wokuotai as his successor in his later years.

After the Mongolian Empire took shape, Genghis Khan realized that he needed a politician to consolidate and develop his empire and complete his unfinished business. Wokuotai is resourceful and has a more comprehensive ability to govern the country than Tuo Lei. Starting from the future of the empire, Genghis Khan restrained his feelings for his youngest son, did what he could, broke the old Mongolian tradition and promoted Wokuotai as his successor.

In the twelfth year of Jiading, Genghis Khan prepared to send troops to the west and decided to arrange successors. He summoned all the philosophers and younger brothers and unanimously agreed that Wokuotai was the successor of Khan.

After Wokuotai was established as the heir, he followed his father on a crusade against Huatuo Mozi. The Mongolian army is divided into four roads: one is Wokuotai and Chahetai to command the attack and meet the thorn; A route is guided by Shu Chi and goes down the Zhanghu River. The other route led by Alaheinayan went south and took Benayount (now south of Tashkent, Uzbekistan, on the north bank of the Syr Darya River) and Sudan (Leninabad, the former Soviet Union). Genghis Khan and Tuo Lei unified the main force to cross the desert, and they went straight to the desert.

Wokuotai and Chahetai were ordered to join forces to attack the wrong answer. Take the castle a month later. In the summer of the 13th year of Jiading, Genghis Khan sent Wokuotai and Chahetai to lead the right-wing army to take Yulong Jiechi (Urgensh, Turkmenistan), the capital city of Hua La Zi Mo, and ordered Shu Chi to lead troops south to meet him. Wokuotai, Chahetai and Shu Chi led their troops to the foot of Yulong Boundary Monument City. However, due to the different orders of the Mongolian army, even a few months have no effect. After Genghis Khan in Afghanistan understood this situation, he appointed Wokuotai as the supreme commander and put him under unified command. Wokuotai mediated the relationship between brothers, reorganized the army and immediately turned to the general attack. After 9 days, the city guards are exhausted. Please surrender. The Mongolian army drove all the residents out of the city, 6,543,800 craftsmen were sent to the east, and the rest were distributed to various armies. Except for young women and children, they were all slaughtered. After killing and looting, the riverbank in A Mu was broken and water poured into the city. All the people hiding in the city drowned, with many bodies and piles of bones.

After the Yulong Jiechi War, Wokuotai and Chahetai led their troops to meet Genghis Khan, who had captured the cold village in Tali, and marched on Gejining together. In the spring of the eighteenth year of Jiading, Wokuotai returned to Mongolia with his father, ending a seven-year historic expedition.

2. In the first year of Baoqing (A.D. 1226), Genghis Khan, after inheriting his father's footsteps, accused the Xixia monarch of breaking the contract and personally expedition to Xixia again. In June of the following year, the Lord of Xixia couldn't support it and sent messengers to seek surrender. Genghis Khan turned to Xu Jin with his soldiers after defeating the main force of Xixia army. He led the army across the Yellow River, passed through Jishizhou (now Xunhua, Qinghai) and attacked Lintao Road (now Lintao, Gansu). In July, Jing Zhao (Xi 'an) was captured. Genghis Khan, an old and sickly man, died in a camp in Liupanshan because of overwork.

Before his death, Genghis Khan once again called the philosophers to his side, demanding that they unite sincerely and obey the leadership of Wokuotai, and said: I appointed him as my heir and put the key to the empire in his hand.

According to the feudal system, the emperor should be enthroned by a designated heir immediately after his death. However, because the Mongolian Kuletai system (tribal Council system) is still effective, Wokuotai can't inherit it because of his father's death, so he can only wait for the final decision of Kuletai. During the two years when the throne is vacant, Tuo Lei will supervise state affairs.

1in the autumn of 229, the Mongolian king and ministers held a meeting to elect the new Khan. In the imperial court, some people followed the old system and advocated the establishment of his youngest son, Tuo Lei, to oppose the legacy of Genghis Khan. At this time, Shu Chi was dead, and the Chagatai fully supported Wokuotai. Tuo Lei was lonely and had to support Wokuotai. After repeated urging and persuasion by the nobles attending the meeting, Wokuotai finally obeyed his father's wishes, adopted the suggestions of all his brothers, and promised to inherit Khan's position.

After Wokuotai came to power, he strictly abided by the laws formulated by Genghis Khan. After Genghis Khan's death, all criminals were pardoned and future crimes were still punished according to law. At that time, the etiquette laws and regulations were very simple, and Wokuotai reused Yeluchucai and others to further improve Mongolia's legal system and political system.

Yelu Chucai is the son of the imperial clan of Liao State. During the Western Expedition, he won the trust and attention of Genghis Khan with his brilliant astrology. Yeluchucai suggested that the Central Plains should maintain the original agricultural and handicraft production, and levy local taxes, commercial taxes, wine, vinegar, salt and iron taxes. Wokuotai agreed to let him try. 1230, Lu yechu set upNo. 10 tax office, and both the ambassador and the deputy ambassador appointed Confucian scholars as the office. He also played the role of paramilitary, civilian and financial, and there was no unification among the officers specializing in civil affairs, the military and political generals of Wan Hu government and the money valley in the hands of tax collectors. These were strongly opposed by Mongolian dignitaries and princes, but the tax office insisted on collecting taxes. The following autumn, Wokuotai went to Xijing (now Datong), and Chu Cai collected silver, coins and millet books from Chen Fang. In front of Khan, a * * * is 500,000 taels of silver, 80,000 silks and 400,000 millet stones. Wokuotai was overjoyed. On the same day, he awarded the provincial seal of the Chinese book to Chu Cai and put him in charge of politics north of the Yellow River.

In order to facilitate the exchange of envoys and the transportation of materials, Wokuotai implemented the post delivery system. In Genghis Khan's era, all taxes were arbitrary, and Wokuotai established a fixed tax system in pastoral areas. He also established ten thousand households and thousands of households among landlords. In addition, Lu Yechu presided over the empowerment of the Han people north of the Yellow River, which enabled Mongolia to have military and financial support north of the Yellow River in the war of destroying gold.

Two years later (AD 1229), Wokuotai launched a war to destroy gold according to Genghis Khan's plan. Three years later, Wokuotai and Tuo Lei led the troops across the desert and headed south. The Mongols attacked Fengxiang and marched into Zhengzhou.1March 232 laid siege to Bianjing. In June, Jin Aizong fled from Guide to Cai Zhou (now Runan, Henan). Mongolia asked the Southern Song Dynasty to jointly attack Cai, and the Song Dynasty sent troops to help the Mongolian army take revenge. 1234, Song Jun attacked Cheng Nan, the Mongols attacked Xicheng, and Jin Aizong hanged himself. The state of Jin perished.

Less than four years later, Mongolian troops invaded Korea, surrounded Wang Jing, and korean king surrendered. At this point, Liaodong was left with the separatist forces of ten thousand slaves. In February, six years later, Wokuotai sent Prince Gui You, Wang Zong and King Tass (Muqali Sun) to unite the left-wing army against all slaves. In September, the Mongolian army captured the capital Nanjing (now Dongcheng Zishan, Yanji City, Jilin Province), and the Mongolian army occupied Liaodong. In the past two years, Nanjing and Kaiyuan were established to guard and manage this area.

After the destruction of gold, the Mongolian army also rested in the north. The authorities in the Southern Song Dynasty did not insist that Mongolia honor its promise to return Henan to the Song Dynasty, but agreed to take Chen and Cai to northwest Mongolia. At this time, the Southern Song Dynasty still had illusions about the Mongolian army. However, from the second year of Duanping (A.D. 1235), the Mongolian army began to attack the Song Dynasty. During the Wokuotai period, the war of invading the Song Dynasty ravaged Jingxiang, Sichuan, Huaibei and other places. However, due to its main purpose of plundering property, coupled with the resistance of soldiers and civilians in the Southern Song Dynasty, the Mongolian army also suffered a lot of losses and failed to establish rule in the captured areas.