What book does the three graves, five classics, eight lines and nine hills refer to?

In the memory of the Chinese nation, China had four very famous works before the summer, which were called Three Graves, Five Classics, Eight Classics and jiusan. In the twelfth year of Zuo Zhuan Zhao Gong, it is recorded that King Chu Ling praised Zuo's leaning on the phase: "Good history can also read three graves, five classics, eight categories and nine hills." Five codes, the code of five emperors; Eight suo, the law of eight kings; Jiuqiu is the ring of Kyushu's national subjugation. "Zheng Xuan said" Three Tombs and Five Codes "is the book of Three Emperors and Five Emperors. The "Twelve Years of Zhao Gong" mentioned by King Chu Ling was in 530 BC. Can it be inferred from "being able to read" that "Three Tombs, Five Classics, Eight Suo and Nine Tombs" are literary works of the previous generation? It is said that the preface of this book was written by Confucius. It is also said that the books of Zhuan Xu, Tang (Yao) and Yu (Shun) are called the Five Classics, and it is often said. As for the book of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, although the teaching is neither fish nor fowl, it is elegant but noble. It is a treasure of past dynasties. It is said that the whole of Kyushu, the land and the atmosphere are suitable, and it is all gathered in this book. "

The question is, why are the books in the Three Emperors' era called "graves", the books in the Five Emperors' era called "Dian", the books in Fuxi era called "Suo" and the books in Yu era called "Qiu"? The answer in Preface to Shangshu is that "grave" has great meaning, "canon" has ordinary meaning, "seeking" refers to something, and "mound" has gathering meaning. It is said that Confucius wrote the preface to Shangshu, saying: "The book of the Yellow Emperor of Fuxi Shennong is called the' Three Graves' and Yan Avenue is also. Mountain, gathering, it is said that all of Kyushu, land and gas are suitable, all gathered in this book. "

The question is, why are the books in the Three Emperors' era called "graves", the books in the Five Emperors' era called "Dian", the books in Fuxi era called "Suo" and the books in Yu era called "Qiu"? The answer in Preface to Shangshu is that "grave" has great righteousness, "canon" has eternal righteousness, "seeking" has righteousness, and "hill" has gathering righteousness. Obviously, this is explained from the meaning of the above words, and it does not involve what materials are used as carriers in these ancient books.

For quite a period of time, the author accepted the statement of Preface to Shangshu without thinking, or did not examine whether this statement was reasonable at all, let alone whether there were other explanations. However, with the in-depth thinking of semiotics (refer to the author's book The Mystery of Symbols, China International Broadcasting Press), especially the textual research of Shan Hai Jing since 1997, and the thinking of the information carrier that may be used to draw the mountain and sea map in the Yu era (the purpose is to redraw the restored map of mountain and sea art geography that has been completed today, including the 42-square-meter mountain and sea map in Jade Emperor)

As we all know, the orthography of "grave" is composed of soil and script, and the variant characters are composed of soil and script. According to Ci Hai, there are many meanings: tomb, highest soil, water margin, big, suitable appearance, loose soil, appearance and a kind of book. Therefore, the preface to Shangshu interprets the word "three graves" as big, which is quite reluctant. It may be a kind of clay board similar to the two river basins, or it may be a pottery board (including pottery utensils). In a broad sense, soil also includes stones, so the Book of Three Tombs may also use slate carriers. In fact, human beings have been painting and writing on clay and stone for a long time, for example, painting directly on mud (the invention of China characters was inspired by the footprints of birds and animals). Known as the talking stone), and the hieroglyphics mentioned by the ancient Greeks originally meant the sacred words carved by the Egyptians on the stone. The Ten Commandments Moses received from God on Mount Sinai were also engraved on the slate. From this perspective, the Chinese character tomb in China can also be interpreted as a clay tablet engraved with characters.

The meaning of the word "Dian" includes: agreement, code, laws and regulations, taking things as the priority, taking the lead (pawn), surname (Tai Hao married Shaodian) and ancient books (originally referring to the books of five emperors, but now only Yao Dian and Shun Dian have their contents). So, what is this book called "Dian"? This goes back to the hieroglyphics of Yunnan characters. In Chinese characters, the characters such as Dian, * *, Gong, Ju, Bing, Qi and Liu, as well as the original orthography such as Ji, Huang, Yi and Yi, all have the same symbol, that is, two supporting points are added under a horizontal plane. The pictographic meaning of this symbol is a display stand or a table with legs, which is used to display goods; Of course, this is not an ordinary table, but an instrument for displaying important items, which is usually used for major ceremonies or religious witchcraft ceremonies.

Therefore, the original meaning of "Dian" refers to the documents of great significance displayed or placed on the table, which are equivalent to bulletin boards, convention boards, Oracle Bone Inscriptions monuments, legal documents and notices of codes of conduct. It may have evolved from the contract, that is, to make a small contract that is easy to collect on a large scale, open and solemn. Its material may be wood, bamboo, slate, leather or silk. It should be the Shaodian tribe. The further evolution of canon is book, which is the later bamboo slips or wooden slips, formed by the constant miniaturization, portability and folding and curling of canon.

The word "rope" includes: rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope, rope. The so-called Basuo is a kind of silk document, which originated from knotting notes and knotting divination (one of the functions of knotting symbols was also timing when divining divination); This is the origin of Preface to Shangshu, in which it is said that "the ancients claimed to be the king of the world and began to draw gossip and make calligraphy contracts to replace the politics of tying knots and make literature look good".

The meaning of the word "hill" includes: the highest hill, mountain and soil (or, the four sides are high and the middle is low), city, big hill, tomb, empty, large, gathering and district (four cities are hills). Look from the glyph, hill refers to the landform with gentle slope. The question is, why does the word "soldier" use the word "hill"? In fact, the word "soldier" is actually a combination of gold and a display platform, that is, the weapon "gold" is displayed on the stage (gold is an axe with a slant shape). According to legend, it was first invented by Chiyou. The so-called "Chiyou being a soldier" means that the Chiyou tribe first offered weapons as artifacts.

Then, why did the book Nine Hills choose the word "Hill" to describe or refer to it? It is reasonable to take the meaning of "gathering" in the preface to Shangshu, but it is not complete. This is because "mountain" also means mountains and rivers, regions, huge, open fields and large mounds (usually with rich funerary objects). Interestingly, the above meaning, taken together, is very similar to a simulated physical map, which symbolizes the geography of different simulated areas. It is in the five-color soil of the social altar that the products in the corresponding direction are displayed. Furthermore, the use of the word "Qiu" in "Nine Hills" also means that the central government's ruling power is spread all over the world.

In view of this, the so-called "ambition of Kyushu" in the preface to Shangshu is called "nine hills"; Autumn and residence are all owned by Kyushu, and they are all born in this book. "This is actually another way of saying" Shan Hai Jing ". Musashi Mountain View, or another version of Musashi Mountain View. According to the author's research on Shan Hai Jing for more than 20 years, it is believed that Shan Hai Jing was written by Wu Zang in Yu Dynasty. Editors and rewriters are scholars or their descendants. They followed Wang Zichao to the royal library and archives of the former Zhou Dynasty in 5 16 BC. Moreover, the Five Tibetan Mountain Classics has the basis of geographical survey and land and resources investigation, and its geographical orientation can be basically found. Its topography basically conforms to that of China 4200 years ago. It is really the first historical treasure of Chinese civilization and culture, and also the same cultural heritage of human civilization.

So "Nine Hills" is a physical map geography book, which is laid flat on a holy land (no table or support is needed). It is a bit like today's model sand table, or it may be a huge painting, which depicts the mountains, rivers, landforms, products and cultural landscapes in the five districts of Kyushu. Maybe I felt the harmonious heartbeat of the sacred unicorn, 65438+1September 9, 999. The author and his wife, Sun, finally finished their creation after many years. Draw all 447 mountains in the five regions of east, west, south, north and middle, as well as 258 rivers, 348 landscapes, 673 minerals, 525 plants, 473 animals (many of which are dressed by people) and 95 scenes of human activities. To this end, the author once happily wrote a poem:

To sum up, it can be seen that the Three Graves, Five Classics, Eight Sorts and Nine Hills are indeed the oldest books of the Chinese nation. Inheriting China's traditional culture needs to start from the source, and promoting China's excellent traditional culture needs to start from bit by bit.