How to predict the weather when there was no satellite before?

Specifically, there are probably these methods:

1, yin-yang and five elements

According to the principle of Yin-Yang and Five Elements, the ancients divided everything in the world into two states of Yin-Yang and five forms of Jin Mu's fire, water and soil, and predicted the weather according to the transformation law of Yin-Yang and Five Elements, reflecting our ancestors' initial desire for insight into heaven and earth and understanding things.

2. Weather agricultural proverbs

Phenological phenomena in every month of the year are recorded in The Book of Songs Windy July, which is the earliest record of weather proverbs. According to the 24 solar terms and production practice, later generations summed up more agricultural proverbs, such as "Before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day, we planted melons and beans", "It's windy and hot in summer, and it's sunny and rainy in Chongyang in winter", "The autumn equinox is early, the first frost is late, and it's just the right time to plant wheat in cold dew" and so on.

3. Experience summary

Experience is the main basis for the ancients to make weather forecasts. For example, some ancient poets know the common sense that there is water in the clouds-"There is no rain in the clear sky, and Yun Shenchu is also stained with clothes", and they also seem to know the truth of the transformation between clouds and rain-"Yun Teng is rainy, and dew is frost".

4, wind and rain lightning phenomenon

Weather phenomena such as wind, rain, snow, clouds, rainbow and thunder have appeared in Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed in China, and divination is also used to predict weather information. This shows that as early as the Shang Dynasty, people realized the influence of weather on agricultural production and daily life.

5. Forecast the weather according to animals

The sensory system of animals is quite acute, so the ancients predicted the weather according to the behavior of animals. For example, swallows flying low, frogs chirping, ants moving, and earthworms coming out of holes are all precursors to rain; In the morning, there are water drops on the spider's web, which means the weather is fine. This is because the temperature is low in the sunny morning, which makes the water vapor in the air condense into small drops and hang on the spider web.

6. Look at the clouds to tell the weather

The ancients also summarized a series of weather and meteorological proverbs according to the thickness and color of clouds, such as "there are castle clouds in the sky and thunderstorms on the ground". Especially in Lu Chunqiu, clouds are divided into mountain clouds, water clouds, dry clouds and rain clouds, and clouds representing different weather are simply classified. It's just that the ancients' understanding of clouds is still at the stage of intuition and sensibility.

7, 24 solar terms

"Twenty-four solar terms" is a calendar formulated by ancient Chinese sages to guide farming. There are 24 solar terms with the same name as modern ones in Huainanzi Astronomical Training in Han Dynasty. Twenty-four solar terms can reflect the changes of seasons, guide agricultural activities and affect the food, clothing, housing and transportation of thousands of families, so the ancients summed up the familiar twenty-four solar terms.

8. Qin

Qin is a government department and an ancient meteorological bureau. It was established in the Qin and Han Dynasties, and has the functions of observing astronomical phenomena, calculating solar terms and making calendars. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, western missionaries began to preach in Qin, such as ferdinand verbiest and Kangxi, who all served as the main officials of Qin.

9. Look at the wind to tell the weather

You can also predict the weather according to the wind direction, such as "the east wind rains and the west wind is fine", "the east wind sends wet and the west wind is dry, the south wind blows warm and the north wind is cold" and "the east wind rains three times a day; The east wind will wait for three days. It shows that different winds will bring cold, warm, dry and wet weather.