What are the proverbs about astronomy in the Big Dipper?

The seven stars in Ursa Major are arranged in the shape of a spoon.

The ancients attached great importance to Beidou because it can be used to identify the direction and set the season. Beidou consists of Shu Tian, Tian Xuan, Tianji, Tianquan, Yuheng, Kaiyang and Yaoguang. The ancients connected these seven stars and imagined them as barrels of wine in ancient times. Shu Tian, Tian Xuan, Tian Ji and Tianquan are composed of Dou Shen and Gu Yue Kui. Yuheng, Kaiyang and Yaoguang are composed of bucket handle, which was called Piao in ancient times. The Big Dipper appears in different directions in the sky at different seasons and different times at night, so the ancients decided the seasons according to the direction pointed by bucket handle at the beginning of fainting: bucket handle points to the east, and the world is spring; Guide to barrel handle, it's summer in the world; Bucket handle refers to the west, and the world is autumn; The barrel handle refers to the north, and it is winter all over the world. [Edit this paragraph] Astrology "The Big Dipper" is a part of Ursa Major. Graphically, the Big Dipper is located at the tail of Ursa Major. Five of these seven stars are secondary stars and two are tertiary stars. Through the connection of the two stars in the mouth of the bucket, it extends about 5 times in the direction of the mouth of the bucket and finds the Polaris. "Star Recognition Song" has: "Star recognition begins with Beidou, and then begins from north to west." Beginners can look for other constellations in turn from the Big Dipper.

The Big Dipper is the seven-star god worshipped by Taoism, that is, the Big Dipper.

China is one of the countries with the earliest development of astronomy in the world. The observation of the Big Dipper has been recorded for a long time, but it is one of the seven stars.

The most complete record of place names began in Shu Wei in the Han Dynasty. At first, there were two names, one of which was recorded in the Book of Dou Yun in the Spring and Autumn Period. Yue:

"First, second spin, tertiary, fourth power, fifth balance, sixth Kaiyang, seventh Yaoguang. The first to fourth places are

Chief, the fifth to seventh are standards, and the combination is fighting. "(1) after the formation of Taoism, the Beidou as a god, and used for it.

Various theological explanations.

"Seven Signs of the Cloud" Volume 24 "Talking about Stars" Cloud: The first star of the seven stars "is called Shu Tian, and the soul and god are in World War II; The second star

The name is Tian Xuan, the second battle of the soul; The third star is called secret, and the spirit is in the second battle; The fourth star is called Tianquan, and she is in good spirits.

The fifth star is Yuheng, and the spirit fights twice; The sixth star is called Yang Lu, the spirit of the second battle; The seventh star is called Yaoguang. ②

At the same time, it is also said that Beidou has nine planets and is the god of nine emperors. It is called "Beidou nine planets, seven seeing (now) and two hiding". The Seven Signs of Yun Qi

Volume XXIV, The Position of General Manager of the Nine Planets of Beidou, said: "The Yellow Classic says that Beidou is the first Shu Tianxing, and then the soul star of Yangming.

God also; The next day, the star will be the soul of the Yin essence star. On the third day, the star is the soul of the real star; The fourth star,

Then the spirit of Xuanxing is also good; The fifth jade star is the spirit of Dan Yuanxing; The sixth rising star in Ran Ran is Polaris spirit;

The seventh light star, the soul of the star is bright. "("Nine Planets "Volume VIII, omitted) (3) Then quote" He Tu Lu Bao ".

The surnames of the nine planets are taboo, and he has the final say. The name of the Big Dipper mentioned in Yun Qi's seven constellations is based on the book Spring and Autumn Annals.

The second kind is recorded in Luo Shu. In addition to the above seven names, it has seven other names, saying, "Kaiyang is a treasure, so it is placed."

Auxiliary wing, easy battle in Beidou: the first day is, the second day is, the third day is, the fourth day is, and the fifth day is land.

Save, the sixth is the giant gate, and the seventh is the wolf. (4) Another batch of Taoist books described the Big Dipper on this basis, but made a jump in sequence.

Pour the wine. As the Beidou Ruling Wuwei Classic said: First, Shu Tian was a famous and greedy wolf, and the next day, he was famous. , the word giant door,

The third Tianzhu, name? , the word Lu Cun, the fourth heavenly heart, name? , the word Wen Qu, the fifth day of poultry, name? , the word Lian Zhen, the sixth.

Tianjie, what's your name? , the word, the seventh day, the name Kun, the word, ... "And everyone has their own specific responsibilities. ⑤ Jade Wuqin

Shang Lingbao's True Classic of Nature Beidou, Heart Classic of the Core Monument of Emperor Tai's Life, etc. , also known as "greedy wolf",

"Giant Gate" is the name of the Big Dipper, and the story of the lotus metamorphosis of the Big Dipper is circulated among the people.

A little cloud: On the occasion of the Long and Han Dynasties, there was a king named Zhou Yu, and his concubine named Lady Ziguang. One day, my wife was taking a bath in the lotus pond and suddenly felt.

Nine lotus flowers turned into nine children. He became emperor, his second son was emperor Wei Zi, and the other seven sons were greedy wolf, giant gate, Lu Cun,

Wen Qu, Lian Zhen, Wu Qu and Pojun. "Two long emperors hooked up in the Imperial Palace of Ziyuan."

"Lady Zi is also the queen of the nine true sages of Beidou. After the mysterious great sage, ...

Chi Di, thunis. "That is, Dum Yuan Jun mentioned in his book." Zhen Jing, the core monument feast of Taiwanese businessman Ling Xuan's life "and

Shangqing Lingbao Dafa, Volume 39, etc. That is, according to this, Beidou is called: Beidou Yangming greedy wolf star king, Beidou Yin Jing giant.

Men Xing Jun, Beidou real person Lv Cun Xingjun, Beidou Xuanmingwen Qu Xingjun, Beidou Danyuan Lian Zhen Xing Jun, Beidou Arctic Wu Quxing.

Jun, the Beidou Tianguan is the star of Pojun. Add eight or ninety-two stars and you will have nine kings of Ryuboshi. ⑦ Ancient times attached great importance to the role of the Big Dipper.

Records of the Historian Tianguanshu records: "Beidou is the so-called' spinning, bowing, balancing jade and governing qi'. ..... fight for the emperor,

It is transported in the central government and transported in the four townships. Dividing yin and yang, building four seasons, all five elements, shifting degrees and setting disciplines are all tied together with fighting. "Today.

It is called "Seven Politics" and refers to spring, autumn, winter, summer, astronomy, geography and humanities.

That is to say, the movement of heaven and earth in nature, the changes of the four seasons, the distribution of the five elements, and the good and bad fortune in the world all come from the north.

Decided by seven stars. Later, Weishu gave full play to this point.

"The Emperor of the River Map" said: "Those who fight seven stars are rich officials; Next to it are two stars, Lord Jue Lu; One of the stars, Zhu Shou.

Yao. I was sorry when I was old. "Pet-name ruby" Shangshuwei "said:

"Seven stars in artificial seven. Beidou lives in the sky, above Kunlun, and its movement refers to twenty-four qi and twelve.

Chen, built in December, was also the state, and the year of his life was the government, so it was the seven government. "AB book ChengBen said, in addition to continue the theory.

In addition to its influence on nature and society, it emphasizes its decisive role in individual life. Taiwanese businessman Ling Xuan Bei Dou Ben

As the saying goes, "Beidou Company kills people, and it is also a city that supports things and helps people." . All beings are endowed with the spirit of heaven and earth,

The order of yin and yang, for men and women, can live and die, all out of Beidou's political life. "The ac some Taoist books and what he said, according to people.

A person's life, at the time of birth, is divided into seven star kings: "The greedy wolf is the star king, and the children return to it;" Jumenyuan

Xing Jun, the ugly sea is a stranger; Road inch is a real star, and strangers belong to it; Wenqu Xinxing Jun, born by strangers; Lian Zhen

The gangs Xing Jun and Shengsheng Chen belong to them; Discipline belongs to outsiders, and customs belongs to outsiders. "A.D.

Everyone can find their own star according to their birthday.

It is said that "every mortal's life is in the hands of the star officials of the core monument of life"; "Where there are men and women in the core monument of life, birthdays and Zhu Zhai?

Heaven, clean your body and mind, burn incense and hold this true article, think of yourself as the star king of the core monument of Arctic life, pray as you please, and the disaster will disappear as you please.

Except ". Automatic exposure device

The Big Dipper is named α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ and η respectively from the upper end of the bucket to the end of bucket handle. In ancient China, they were called Shu Tian, Tian Xuan, Tianji, Tianquan, Yuheng, Kaiyang and Yaoguang respectively. If you stretch a straight line from Tian Xuan through Shu Tian for more than five times, you can see a star as bright as the Big Dipper, which is the North Star. Taoism calls the Big Dipper the Seven-Yuan Xie Hexing King, who lives in the Seven Palaces of the Big Dipper, namely: Shutiangong Wolf-Greedy Star King, Tian Xuan Palace Giant Gate Star King, Tianji Palace Lucun Star King, Tianquan Palace Wenqu Star King, Yuheng Palace Lian Zhen Star King, Kaiyang Palace Wuqu Star King, and Eta Ursa Palace Broken Army Star King.

Some Taoist books also say that according to the time of birth, a person's life is divided into seven star kings: "greedy wolves are too star kings, and children are born;" The giant gate is a distant king, and the ugly returnee is a stranger; Road inch is a real star, and strangers belong to it; Wenqu Xinxing Jun, born by strangers; Lian Zhen Port promotes the army, and Shengsheng Chen belongs to it; Wu Quji is a stranger and a stranger. " Everyone can find their own star according to their birthday.

Shu Tian, Tian Xuan, Tianji and Tian Quan are the four stars that make up the Big Dipper, and the handle-shaped three stars make up the bright and dark binary stars Yuheng, Kaiyang and Ursa major Eta respectively. The star in the center of the ladle handle is called "Kaiyang", and there is a fourth-class companion star named "Auxiliary" at the distance of 1 1. Kaiyang star and auxiliary star form a binary star, which can be recognized by naked eyes. Kaiyang itself is also a binary star.

The position of the Big Dipper in the sky is different in different seasons. Therefore, the ancients in China determined the seasons according to their position changes: "bucket handle refers to the east, and the world is spring; Bucket handle guide, the world is summer; Bucket handle refers to the west, and the world is autumn; The barrel handle refers to the north, and it is winter all over the world. "

Among the Big Dipper, "Yuheng" is the brightest, and its brightness is almost close to the first-class star. "Tianquan the darkest, is three meteors. The other five are all second-class stars. There is a small companion star named Fu near Kaiyang, which has always attracted people's attention with its beautiful and clear appearance. It is said that ancient Arabs used it as a "test star" to test soldiers' eyesight when recruiting soldiers.

The Big Dipper always moves slowly in the sky. Five of them move in one direction at roughly the same speed, while Shu Tianhe and Yao Guang move in the opposite direction. Therefore, in the long cosmic changes, the shape of the Big Dipper will change greatly. After 654.38+ million years, we will not see this handle shape.

Also known as "Beidou". Not far from the north celestial pole, seven bright stars are arranged in a barrel shape (see photo). All six stars are second-class except delta, which is a third-class star. Polaris can be found by connecting the first two stars of the Big Dipper and extending it to the mouth of the Big Dipper for about five times, which is usually used as a sign to indicate the direction and identify the constellation.

Here are the seven stars in the order of ancient astronomical names, Huang Lao Jing annotations, Taoist names, astronomical proper names and international common names:

1, the star of Shu Tian. Huang Lao Jing is said to be "the soul god of Yang star", and Taoism calls it "Wolf star". Its astronomical proper name is Dubhe, and its international common name is αUma.

2. The soul of Tian Xuan Star and Silent Star

3. The secret star, the soul star of reality, the soul star of Lucun, and Phecda γUma.

4. Tianquanxing Xuanxing Soul Qu Xing Mei Gorez δUma

5. Yuxing, the soul of Dan Yuanxing, and the incorruptible star Liao Si εUma.

6. Open the spirit of the rising star Polaris, Wu Quxing Kaiyang ζUma.

7. Shake the star of light, the soul of Guan Xing, and the broken star Alcaide η uma.

The distance of the big dipper from the earth.

The magnitude of α (Shu Tian) is 1.8, which is 75 light years away from the Earth.

β (Tian Xuan) has a magnitude of 2.4 and is 62 light years away from the Earth.

Gamma (Tianzhu) magnitude 2.4, 75 light years away from the earth.

Delta has a magnitude of 3.3 and is 65 light years away from the earth.

ε (Yuheng) magnitude 1.8, 62 light years away from the Earth.

η (shimmering) magnitude is 1.9, and it is 1 10 light-years away from the earth.

ζ (Kaiyang) is an optical binary star visible to the naked eye (it is easy for people with vision 1.5 to see the auxiliary star). Kaiyang A has a magnitude of 2.3 and is 59 light years away from the Earth. Kaiyang b has a magnitude of 4.0 and is 82 light years away from the earth.

King of the Big Dipper (the ancients thought that the Big Dipper was the master of life and Nandou was the master of death)

< astrology > cloud: "The Big Dipper, the life of the emperor, also dominates the position of absolute wealth. The phrase "The Big Dipper is the master of life and the Southern Dou is the master of death" is widely circulated among the people. After Taoism was absorbed, it deified the Big Dipper and became the King of Seven Stars in charge of life and longevity. " "Shangqing Jing" cloud: The Big Dipper, the first Shu Tian Gong, is the star of Siming; The next day, the palace was taken away; On the third day, I went to Gong Ke Palace, where I was the star king of Lucun. On the fourth day, the right palace was the king of Yanshou; The fifth Yuheng Palace, for the benefit of Star King; The sixth Kaiyang Palace is the proper star king; The seventh palace of glory is the loving mother and the king of stars, collectively known as the king of seven stars. The temple dedicated to the Big Dipper is called the Big Dipper Temple. Because Beidou specializes in survival, it is also called "life extension teacher" by the people.

Big Dipper Jun Big Dipper Jun is the seven-star god worshipped by Taoism, namely the Big Dipper.

China is one of the countries with the earliest development of astronomy in the world. The observation of the Big Dipper has been recorded for a long time, but the most complete record of the name of the Seven Stars is only found in Shu Wei in Han Dynasty. At first, there were two names, one of which was recorded in the Book of Dou Yun in the Spring and Autumn Period. The saying goes, "The first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth, the sixth, the seventh. The first to the fourth is the first, the fifth to the seventh is the standard, and together it is a fight. "

(1) After the formation of Taoism, Beidou was regarded as a god and various theological explanations were made. "Cloud Seven Signs" Volume 24 "Talking about Stars" said: The first star of the seven stars "is called Shu Tian, and the soul fights with God; The second star is called Tian Xuan, and the soul fights with God. The third star is called secret, and the spirit is in the second battle; The fourth star is called Tianquan, and she is in good spirits. The fifth star is Yuheng, and the spirit fights twice; The sixth star is called Yang Lu, the spirit of the second battle; The seventh star is called Yaoguang.

(2) At the same time, it is also called Beidou nine planets, the God of Nine Emperors, which means "Beidou nine planets, Seven Seeing (Now), and Two Stories". "Seven Stars Cloud" Volume 24 "The Nine Planets of the Big Dipper" Cloud: "Huang Lao Jing" Cloud: Shu Tianxing, headed by Beidou, is the soul of Yangming Star; The next day, the star will be the soul of the Yin essence star. On the third day, the star is the soul of the real star; On the fourth day, the right star, then the spirit of the mysterious star is also fine; The fifth jade star is the spirit of Dan Yuanxing; The sixth rising star in Ran Ran is Polaris spirit; The seventh light star, the soul of the star is bright. "(the eighth and ninth planets are omitted)

(3) Later, he quoted "He Tu Lu Bao" to describe the surname taboos and responsibilities of the nine planets. The name of the Big Dipper mentioned in Yun Qi's seven constellations is based on the book Spring and Autumn Annals. The second kind is recorded in Luo Shu. In addition to the above seven names, it has seven other names, saying: "Kaiyang is a treasure, so it is easy to set up an auxiliary wing. In the fight, it is easy to say Beidou: the first is Siming, the second is Lu Si, the third is Lv Cun, the fourth is Yanshou, the fifth is Yi Shu, the sixth is Du E, and the seventh is Shangsheng."

(4) another batch of Taoist books to describe the big dipper, just reverse the order. As the "Beidou Zhi Wu Wei Jing" said: First, Shu Tian, the first name, the word Siming, the next day, the name? , the word Lu Si, the third Tianzhu people, name? , the word Lu Cun, the fourth heavenly heart, name? , the word Shouyan, the fifth day of poultry, name? , the word interest, the sixth day, the name? , the word cause, the seventh day, the name, the word is born, ... "And everyone has their own specific responsibilities.

⑤ Jade Qing's supreme spiritual treasure, The True Classic of the Big Dipper, The Heart Classic, the core tablet of life, and Emperor Ling Xuan's fight against saints. , also known as "Siming" and "Lu Si", is the name of the Big Dipper, and the story of the Big Dipper becoming a lotus flower is circulated among the people.

A little cloud: On the occasion of the Long and Han Dynasties, there was a king named Zhou Yu, and his concubine named Lady Ziguang. One day, my wife was in the pool and suddenly felt that nine lotus flowers had turned into nine children. The eldest son is the emperor, the second is the emperor Wei Zi, and the other seven sons are Siming, Lu Si, Lu Cun, Shou Yan, Yi Shu, Toure and Shang Sheng. "The second eldest emperor lives in the position of Gouchen in the Taixu Palace of Ziweiyuan." "Lady Ziguang, also known as the Queen of Beidou Jiuzhen Shengde, has a mysterious and sacred Taoist body, ... Chi Di, thunis."

6. That is, Yuan Jun, the fighting mother in his book. Tai Shang Huang Ling Xuan Bei Dou Yan Shou Zhen Jing and Qing Qing Lingbao Dafa. That is to say, Beidou is called: Yangming Star King, Luxing Star King, Real Lu Cunxing, Xuanming Yanshou Star King, Danxing King, Big Dipper King and Guanxing King in Beidou. Add eight or ninety-two stars and you will have nine kings of Ryuboshi.

⑦ Ancient times attached great importance to the role of the Big Dipper. Records of the Historian Tianguanshu records: "Beidou is the so-called' spinning, bowing, balancing jade and governing qi'. ..... for the emperor car, shipped to the central, temporarily in the countryside. Dividing yin and yang, building four seasons, all five elements, shifting degrees and setting discipline are all tied to fighting. "

⑧ The so-called "seven policies" refer to spring, autumn, winter, summer, astronomy, geography and humanities. That is to say, the operation of heaven and earth in nature, the change of four seasons, the distribution of five elements, and the affairs of the world? Whether Thai is spoken or not is decided by the Big Dipper. Later, Weishu gave full play to this point. "He Tu Di" said: "Fighting seven stars makes a rich official; Next to it are two stars, Lord Jue Lu; One of the stars, the main life. " "I'm sorry if I'm old."

Pet-name ruby "Shangshuwei" said: "Seven stars are human beings. Beidou lives in the sky, above Kunlun, and refers to running. Built for the twelfth and December with the spirit of twenty-four. It is also the division of States and countries. It is all politics, so it is seven politics. " AB Daoshu said that in addition to continuing to discuss its impact on nature and society, it also emphasized its decisive role in individual life. "The Wonderful Sutra of Longevity of the Core Monument of Life" by Emperor Tai Shang's mysterious Beidou said: "Beidou is a city that repairs things and helps people." All sentient beings are endowed with the spirit of heaven and earth, the orders of yin and yang, the orders of men and women, and whether they can live or die are all based on their Beidou decrees. "Some Taoist books of AC also say that according to the time of birth, a person's life is divided into seven star kings:" Director Tai Xing Wang, son was born; Silk Road is a star king, and ugly returnees are strangers; Road inch is a real star, and strangers belong to it; Life-prolonging new star Jun, born by strangers; The beneficial calculation is the star king, to which Chen Shensheng belongs; Because of Ji, who was never born, was born in Guan and was born in the afternoon. "Everyone can find their own stars according to their birthdays. It is said that "the five bodies of mortal life are in the hands of the star official, the core monument of life"; All men and women on the birthday and Lent Day of the Core Monument of Life will clean their bodies and minds, burn incense and hold this authentic product, and they will believe that the Core Monument of Life in the Arctic belongs to the Star King, and pray as they wish to eliminate the disaster. "

note:

① Book IV of Historical Records 129 1 ~ 1292 (textual research), 129 1 page, Zhonghua Book Company, 1959.

② ③ ⑤ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ 9

The Big Dipper

Here are the seven stars in the order of ancient astronomical names, Huang Lao Jing annotations, Taoist names, astronomical proper names and international common names:

1, the star of Shu Tian. Huang Lao Jing is said to be "the soul god of Yang stars", and Taoists call it "four stars". The proper name of astronomy is Dubhe, and the international name is αUma.

2. The souls of Tian Xuan stars and mute stars

3. The secret star, the soul star of reality, the soul star of Lucun, and Phecda γUma.

4. Tianquan Star Xuan Star Ling Yanshou Star Megrez δUma

5. Yuxing, the spirit of Danyuan Star, Liao Si εUma, the star of calculation.

6. Open (8) the spirit of Yangxing Polaris and Ursa Ursa.

7. Shake the star of light, the soul of Guan Xing, and the star of Alcaide Herman.

The Big Dipper in China's modern literature: Cao Yu, Lu Xun, Lao She, Ba Jin, Bing Xin, Mao Dun and Guo Moruo.