What does the commandment mean?

More refers to the rules of life that religious people must abide by.

[Edit this paragraph] Buddhist terminology

1. Religious laws and regulations prohibit some improper behaviors of believers. For example, Buddhism has five precepts, ten precepts and two hundred and fifty precepts. Taoism also has five precepts, ten precepts and one hundred and eighty precepts. The Hundred Metaphors Classic The struggle between the head of a snake and the tail of a snake is the first metaphor: "You are young, discipline will not be idle, and you will commit many crimes, because you will be dragged into hell." Tang Yangjiong's Tombstone of the General Liang Gong in the Later Zhou Dynasty: "I hate the depth of rice, and I ring the bell with honor, so I keep the precepts and think kindly." Song Gaocheng's "Science and Education of Buddhism and Taoism": "Three years after the founding of Emperor Han Ling, An Shigao first published two volumes of Yi Fa, and there were several prohibitions on Buddhist teachings. Wei Tianzhu Sanzang Tan Mogaluo went to Xuzhou and told Wei Gao Monk there was no law, so he translated Si Fen Jie Mo and Gao Monk Only Beware of Tan Di in Jiaping, covering the beginning of China's precepts. " Lao She's Sacrifice: "He must be a religious discipline, which makes him simple and deep."

2. Generally refers to other written or unwritten commandments. Chen Kangqi's Biography of Qing Lang Qian (Volume 6): "Taste the Eight Commandments of the Holy Gate, and watch yourself." Ke Yan's "Looking at China from a Child" IV: "Discipline is as dense as a net."

Discipline, also called plus (excellent) discipline, refers to discipline. That is, to prevent mistakes in behavior, language and thought. Because of the difference in size and multiplication formula, its commandments are also different. In addition, there are differences between monks who become monks and laymen at home. For example, Hinayana has five precepts, eight precepts and two hundred and fifty precepts. Mahayana has three clean precepts, ten heavy precepts and forty-eight light precepts. The five precepts of Hinayana are: killing, stealing, fornication, lying and drinking. Eight precepts are: in addition to the five precepts, add a big bed, wreaths and songs and dances. 250 commandments: 250 words and deeds that should be observed. When they are combined into five articles, they are called five chapters. The net precepts of Mahayana and Sanju are: abiding by the law, observing the law, and observing the precepts of all beings. The ten prohibitions are: killing, stealing, fornication, lying, drinking, saying a sin, praising and ruining him, jealousy, and slandering the three treasures. Forty-eight commandments are: disrespect for teachers, failure to teach confessions, turning your back on good and evil, and indifference to illness and suffering.

[Edit this paragraph] Zen finger

Ring, prevent non-evil; Law, that is, discipline, refers to the rules and disciplines that Buddha and flute must abide by. The practice of Buddha flute can be summarized as "discipline, discipline and wisdom, among which discipline is the foundation." Volume VI: "Taking the heart is a commandment. Because of precepts, destiny, and wisdom, it is said that there is nothing missing. "

Buddhist precept view

In the middle of Oracle Bone Inscriptions's word "quit" is a long dog with two hands on the left and right. Together, it's like two hands clutching Longge to stop the enemy from coming. Jin Wen and Xiao Zhuan moved their hands under the word "Ge". Shuowen said, "Be cautious, and quit. From where? Hold a brother to avoid disaster. " The original meaning of "precept" is "guarding" and vigilance. From "alert" to "alert". This means what was later called "commandment". From "warning" to "informing" and "warning" From "talk" to "talk" and "point". From "vigilance" to "restraint" and "prohibition" From "abstinence" to "fasting". From "abstinence" to "Buddhist precepts" From "alert" to "ready" and "have". Because "precaution" means "caution", it is extended to "caution". Now I mean "ring". (According to the Interpretation Dictionary of Chinese Characters' Form and Meaning by Sichuan Dictionary Publishing House) The interpretation of the word "Fa" in Kangxi Dictionary is as follows: Tang Yun's Collection of Phonology and Rhyme has both good and bad. There are six laws in Song Yinyu's wares. Hiroyuki. Say the words are evenly distributed. The twelve laws distribute solar terms equally, so there are six laws and six averages. Erya. The interpretation of the law is divided into two parts. Pay attention to the law, so divide the gas. Before the Han Dynasty, there were twelve methods, six of which were Yang method, and the other six were Lu method and Huangdi Gong. The Yellow Emperor sent a ribbon of summer, a cymbal of Kunlun Mountain, to solve grain with bamboo, and the skill was flat. He broke two pieces of idle blowing, thinking that the Huangzhong Palace was made of twelve cymbals, listening to the sound of the phoenix. Its public song is six and its mother song is six, which is more than Huang Zhong's palace and can be born. This is the law. In the Hall of Records of the Later Han Dynasty? You have twelve jade laws, but you want two? , gv 10 and bamboo method sixty? Days are like calendars. Historical records. According to the law book, bamboo and jade were used in ancient times. At the end of the Han Dynasty, copper was used in it. Books and scripts are also measured in this way. Ceremony. The king inquired about the year, month and day, and the date was the same as the law. Very elegant. It is also a method of interpretation. Often. Note refers to the constant method. The positive rhythm is produced by Lu Wanfa, so it is called the law. Tube. Seven ministers and seven subjects are legislators, so it is necessary to settle disputes. It's tiring to read the names. Very tired, you must not be presumptuous. Zuo zhuan. After two years in Huan, officials were afraid of salt and dared not change their discipline. Military law is also called law. Yi. Fortune tellers obey the law. Again? The book says the law. Former Han dynasty The Law Record combines Xiao He's comments on Qin Law with those of that time and makes it into nine chapters. Book of Jin The old law of legal records in Qin and Han Dynasties originated in Li Kui. He wrote two articles about fishing nets and one article about miscellaneous methods. With its method, with its addition and subtraction, it is only six articles. You are also ordered to wait for legal sanctions. Polite. Those who make meritorious deeds for the people by the monarchy should add land to the law. It's also true that Shufa takes nine lives for the public, borrows nine inches, wears nine chapters and builds nine branches. Very elegant. It also shows that. Ceremony. The golden mean is above the law. Very elegant. It's full of words. So the number of civil servants is heavy. I also cut my hair and said the law. Xunzi. In the ceremony, if you don't take a shower, you will get stuck in the comb, and the three laws will stop. Pay attention to the law and get a haircut. Poetic rhythm. Du Fu's boring poems gradually became more detailed in his poems. And discipline. The dharma recorded by Buddhists shows that the dharma is not complete, so he went to Tianzhu for two years to seek abstinence. You are very elegant. The interpretation of the instrument is irregular. Note that it is illegal for Shu people to call pens. Welcome the law again, Yale? Compound surname. The surname Spectrum Hulu has been passed down from generation to generation, and all the tribes in the world are in the same army, with the name Hulu Department, because of the family. Yelv, after Liao. Rhyme complement and communication. Poetry. Xiaoya Nanshan Law. Sima Xiangru. My Lord has given me a way into the thunder room, my life is full of rhythm, and my cave is full of ghost valleys. In Buddhism,' precept' refers to the precept to prevent Buddhists from doing evil. In the first volume of Biography of the Eminent Monk of Liang, Tan Kejia Luo translated a picture of the Warning Map of the Eminent Monk, asking Brahma to be ordained by karma. This is the beginning of our national precepts. In the Tang Dynasty, Jian Zhen went to Japan, set up a ring altar in Dongda Temple, and established the Tang and Zhao Temple to spread the precepts, which were spread in Japan.

There are many examples of using the word' discipline' in Buddhist scriptures in China and Japan. However, there is a lack of canon in Indian Confucian classics and their definitions. For example, Chang Ahan wrote 15 moral classics (freshman year, 96 times):' Give up family wealth, donate relatives, take three vestments, remove ornaments, and satirize the method of monks and nuns.' In the quotations, this' commandment' is primitive, compared with the long part handed down in the south! Dan! d！ A Buddhist scripture, its equivalent is pa^timokkhasam! Vara, or Sanskrit pra^timoks! Assam! Vara. This Sanskrit is usually translated into Mu Cha's law, or another liberation law. An example of Mu Cha's translation of the commandment is also found in Zaagama Volume 25. On the rights and wrongs, Volume I (Part I, 25. 32) As the saying goes,' This precept belongs to the Tibetan, but the novice monk and the virgin woman cannot smell it, so it is called the Tibetan method.' Among them, the primitive man of' discipline and concealment' is Vinaya-pit! Aka, however, ordinary vinaya is just translated into law. As can be seen from the above examples, the origin of the precepts is not necessarily. Usually, the prototype of the precepts is Saint/Saint or S/I La. In addition, s/iks! A, sikkha^ (translatology) is also translated as ring, and s/iks! The same is true of a^pada, for example, the original word of the 250 commandments is s/iks! a^pada。 Pra^timoks again! 1. pa Timokkha (transliteration of Borotti Mu Cha) is translated into precepts, precepts, etc. ，upasam！ Pada^ is translated into anklet. Therefore, it is extremely complicated to know the origin of' precepts'. The original language of law, except in special circumstances, is vinaya. Therefore, the primitive people of commandments and laws can be considered as S/I La and vinaya；; However, the compound language of S/S/I la-vinaya can't be found in the Pali Sanzang, nor in the Chinese translations of the Mahayana Prajna Sutra and Mahayana Sutra, so it is difficult to define the term discipline.

To sum up, abstinence is to keep the law with a spontaneous heart; Law contains the meaning of heteronomy norms. The establishment of the Buddhist order of beggars' gangs depends on the establishment of this order, so there are separate rules and punishments for violators, which are called laws. If you obey all the rules from the heart, it's called abstinence. Or some people take precepts as the general norm, which is very common. To be sure, the scope of precepts is narrow, the law contains all laws and regulations, and the dignity of monks also includes taking them; In other words, the word "discipline" in a broad sense actually has the meanings of discipline, law and ceremony. [Four points to avoid sparse volume I, Mahayana righteousness chapter I, four points method [money capital method] record volume I, the integration of original Buddhist scriptures chapter III and chapter IV (inscription) [1]

Please refer to the Buddhist dictionary. )

Attachment: The Five Commandments, the Ten Good Commandments and even the 250 Commandments in Ding's Buddhist Dictionary (terminology) are also laws to prevent Buddhists from doing evil. Sanskrit corpse,&; SacuteIla translates as abstinence, which means preventing evil. Sanskrit upalak &；; Sdotblwa, translation of law (net shadow), Sanskrit Vinaya, translation of law (Nanshan), meaning of law. In the third year of Emperor Jianning of the Han Dynasty, An Shigao published two volumes of Yi Fa for the first time. Second, there are laws prohibiting monks. Wei, Zhu Sanzang, Tan Mogaluo and. In view of the fact that the monks in Wei Dynasty had no rules, they translated The Four Points of Karma and The Monk's Only Caution Map with Tandi in Jiaping. This is the beginning of China's precepts. A brief history of meeting monks. The Mahayana chapter says,' People who speak Puni have four different names: Puni, Dharma, Dharma. (abbreviated) The name of the corpse is Luo Liang, also known as Huan. Sanye is inflammatory, burning pedestrians, burning things, etc. Such as heat, abstinence can prevent interest, hence the name cool. The name of cool is turning over. In order to prevent prohibition, it is called the ring. The lecturer of law is a famous foreign women, Luo Cha, who translated it into law. There are two explanations: one is to teach theory, and the other is to distinguish. If yes, teach the explanation of the law of name measurement, if yes, adjust the law of name measurement. "In the fourth quarter, I said,' Or Yun Luo, or Yun Polo, Mu Cha PR&; Amakron; Tmok & ampsdotblwa, or Yunpini. (omitted) cloud corpse at the beginning of Luo, this is turned into words. What is the meaning of commandments? So is volunteering to train the police. It is not clear what the purpose is to stay away from the three industries. (omitted) Puni Sanyun, called Fa in the Tang Dynasty, and ancient translation of Puni, are all called extinction. What is the significance of today, turning it into law? The law of law, in the name of teaching, is illegal and uncertain, so it is being translated. "(omitted). Pini has four first clear shadows, so I don't want to talk about the Vatican name of Dharma. There are three in Hounan Mountain, and the Vatican name of Dharma is Pignier. At the beginning of teaching, I wrote a book saying,' The speaker is hidden, and Brahma is better than Brahma. This was translated into law. Laws and regulations are also illegal and there is no way to punish them. "The first record says,' Brahma Puni, the master of Buddhism, is called in Chinese. There are no three meanings: the first one is about law. It is illegal to teach as a teacher, but it is light to cut off, and heavy to cover up. The two-character method is also divided. It is said that it is necessary to negotiate, according to the amount, if the law divides it. (omitted) Annie Ann with three rhymes. When writing a pen, it is necessary to judge the situation and break it at the end of the pen. "

Commandments The Encyclopedia of Buddhism in China is also called the precept method. Ring, Sanskrit (s/I la), refers to the talisman against evil. Method, Sanskrit unitary Shiva fork (up-alaks! A), or vinaya, refers to the law of life. There is a cloud in the Mahayana Chapter of Righteousness (Dazheng 44.468a):' On the corpse, the name is cool, also known as precept. The third industry does not burn pedestrians, and things are hot, hence the name cool. (omitted) In order to prevent being banned, it is called abstinence. The spokesman of the law is a famous foreign women, Luo Cha, and this is the law that was renamed. There are two explanations: (1) teaching theory, (2) distinction. If yes, teach the explanation of the law of name measurement, if yes, adjust the law of name measurement. "Discipline and law have different meanings, and the combination of' discipline' means maintaining the moral and legal norms of Buddhist order. In other words, "law" refers to various laws and regulations and punishment measures for violating the law for maintaining cult order, which belongs to form and heteronomy. Precept' refers to the spontaneous obedience to the law in the heart and belongs to spiritual self-discipline. However, discipline and law are not separated, but parallel to maintain order. During Cao Weijia's Pingnian period (249 ~ 254), Sanzang Tianzhu went to China and translated the Buddhist monk's precepts, which was the beginning of the introduction of the precepts into China. In the Tang Dynasty, Jian Zhen went to Japan and set up an altar in Dongda Temple. In the Tang Dynasty, he spread the precepts on behalf of Zhao Ti Temple and later spread them to Japan. Discipline is a necessary condition for all Buddhists in Indian Buddhism, so there is no consciousness of establishing sects by discipline alone. However, in China society with completely different folk customs, climate and local conditions, it is really difficult to practice in full accordance with the precepts in the code. Therefore, in addition to gradually strengthening the discussion on the different interpretations of legal texts and precepts, and creating a legal school that focuses entirely on the study of legal collections, other schools, such as Tiantai Sect formed according to Hokkekyo, Huayan Sect formed according to Huayan Sutra, and Zen Buddhism, all have their own unique precepts. After China Buddhism was introduced into Japan, it quickly developed the Mahayana circuitous precept based on northern religion, abandoned all prohibitions and created unique precepts. ◎ Attachment: Written by Taixian Kimura. Ouyang Hancun's translation of the third chapter of Primitive Buddhist Thought, The Spirit of Discipline (excerpt). The main motivation of Buddha is to get rid of the right path and persuade him to become a monk and rely on innocence. Those with impure motives are also admitted. Sri Lanka is one of the reasons for the expansion of Buddhist monks. Although, the most difficult thing about Buddha is actually here. Because the motivation is pure, even if there is a mistake in the middle, it is easy to return to the original state. If you are a reluctant person and want to turn your heart to the truth, it will be easy. In order to meet this need, the Buddha formulated rules, which are the rules for the emergence of cults, that is, the law (vinaya, Pinaya). According to this, one party can make a disciple of Buddha and order him to release the son. At the same time, on the other hand, we should correct our mistakes and make Zhan Ran a pure shaman. And with the expansion of the task, I think this demand is urgent, so I have to make extremely detailed regulations. According to this rule, the system is one of the Sanzang, and the Pie (French) Tibetan is also. The number of monks is about 240 (China generally refers to 250 precepts), and the number of monks has increased by dozens. This is what the Buddhist group relies on, and this is what it relies on. Therefore, although disciples with impure motives or unwilling to become monks should follow their example and gradually embark on the road to success, the effect is great. Although what the Buddha values is entirely based on self-awareness and spiritual cultivation, spiritual cultivation also depends on appearance. Today, if we want to unify such facts with various disciples, it is most effective to follow the rule of representation, so it is based on this truth. Therefore, it is stipulated that after the Buddha is destroyed, it is also like a Buddha. In order to maintain the sangha (order) is the most important. It's something you can't do in an autumn. It's solid. In particular, Ye Jia, who has the highest discipline, is the leader of a cult, which is enough to show the omnipotence of discipline and win. Although, we should pay attention to the spirit of the precepts. Commandments are things, which are originally made to adapt to time, place and position. Moreover, since the death of the Buddha, it is not in line with the spirit of the Buddha to examine Ananda's legacy. At this time, we should not forget to strictly abide by the provisions of the law. Try to collect the public opinion at that time and prove it. For example, the compass of China's sad song:' What is the reason? In the past, shaman Gotama made few commandments, but all monks learned more? What is the reason? Nowadays, Gotama, a Saman, has made many commandments, but he is a monk. In the later years of the Buddha, most people criticized him at the rally. At the beginning of the Buddha's preaching, many monks were liberated because of their sincere and pure motives. On the other hand, most followers become monks because they rely on the influence of the Sangha, so few people get the Tao, even those based on these facts. In short, if left unchecked, there will be many people who are not easy to get rid of. The reason why the Buddha made many commandments is that everyone can't understand them, which is like the doubts in the world. To sum up, that is, from then on, it is enough to know that no matter how many commandments are not the original intention of the Buddha, it is only necessary to do them. Therefore, if there are no bad elements in the Buddhist association and they are all on the plane, they will be made at the right time and place, but it is not as complicated as this. And if this is done at a different time and place, it is very different from today's commandments, and it is not easy to infer. Therefore, according to Tan's statement, we think that Kukkutika, the abbot of Zushan, regards precepts as convenient and advocates that precepts should not be held too tightly (if the records in On the Differences of Ministries are true), which is the true meaning of the Buddha. Most importantly, precepts are a solid guide to becoming a monk and practicing Buddhism, but the details are too rigid, and it is difficult to find the true meaning of Buddha. We always think so. [Resources] Biography of Liang Monk, Volume 1; "Four points to avoid hydrophobic" Volume 1 (1); Quartering Method Volume I: Notes on Paper Money Holding; The "discipline outline" of the feast; Buddhist system in modern China (I) (translation of world famous Buddhist works {82}); Overview of Legalist Thought and Its Establishment and Development, Collection of Legalist Thoughts (Modern Buddhist Academic Series {88}, {89}); Ueda Tian Rui's discipline, thought and history; Professor Sasaki's "Sangha Commandments"; Enlightenment from Sasaki. Guan Shiqian's Translation of Buddhist Discipline