Handwritten newspaper materials about Chinese characters in China

Chinese characters, also known as Chinese characters, Chinese characters and Chinese characters, are widely used in the cultural circle of Chinese characters. They belong to morpheme syllables of ideographic characters, which were invented and improved by China people in ancient times. At present, the exact history can be traced back to Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty around 1300 BC. Then the seal script of the Qin Dynasty was named "Chinese Characters" in the Han Dynasty, and in the Tang Dynasty it became the standard of handwritten fonts used today-regular script. Chinese characters are the main characters that have been used for the longest time so far, and they are also the only characters that have been passed down to this day in various ancient writing systems. Some scholars believe that Chinese characters are one of the key elements to maintain the long-term reunification of China's north and south, and some scholars list Chinese characters as China's fifth greatest invention. In China, Chinese characters are the main official languages of several generations.

As for the history of Chinese characters, according to the existing ancient documents and archaeological discoveries that have been confirmed now, there is at least Dawenkou culture in Wen Tao.

It has a history of 5,000 years, and the history of the origin of Chinese characters is the beginning history of ancient civilization in China, so we usually say that the Han nationality has a civilization history of 5,000 years. Archaeological and documentary records show that Chinese characters originated in Yangshao culture period of Neolithic Age, entered the stage of character accumulation in about 4000 BC and 2000 BC, and formed a fairly systematic writing system in Shang Dynasty.

Simplified and traditional Chinese characters

A Chinese character, named after the Han nationality and the Han dynasty, is the most widely used Chinese character in the world and the most widely circulated Chinese character. During the evolution of Chinese characters for thousands of years, there have been many differences. After the founding of New China, in the 1950s, specialized institutions were organized to standardize the form, sound and meaning of Chinese characters, commonly known as "simplified characters" (Chinese characters before the 1950s were commonly known as "traditional characters"), which were popularized with reference books such as Xinhua Dictionary and Modern Chinese Dictionary, and simplified characters were juxtaposed with traditional characters (variant characters). At present, Chinese mainland, Singapore, Indonesia and other Southeast Asian regions use simplified Chinese characters, while Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions still use "traditional Chinese characters". Chinese characters are non-pinyin characters, which are obviously different from pinyin characters in writing. Even in the neighboring countries of China, great changes have taken place. Take "Chinese characters" as an example: Simplified Chinese characters: Traditional Chinese characters: Hanyu Pinyin: hà nzi English: Chinese characters Japanese: Chinese characters (かんじ) Korean (Korean):? Vietnamese: Trung Qu? c nh？ n v？ T regular script

German: chinesische Schrift Russian: китарскии French: Chinois Polish: Chiński Danish: Kinesisk Filipino: the origin of Chinese characters.

Create characters from Cang Xie.

From the ancient legend of Cangjie's word-making to the discovery of Oracle Bone Inscriptions 400 years ago BC, China scholars have been trying to uncover the mystery of the origin of Chinese characters. Regarding the origin of Chinese characters, there are many sayings in China ancient literature, such as "knot rope theory", "gossip theory", "picture theory" and "calligraphy contract theory". Ancient books also generally recorded the legend of Cang Xie, the historian of the Yellow Emperor who created Chinese characters. Modern scholars believe that systematic writing tools cannot be completely created by one person. If Cang Xie really exists, he should be a text organizer or publisher. The earliest scribing symbol was more than 8000 years ago. Wang, a doctoral supervisor of Zhengzhou University, made a systematic investigation and comparison of the carved symbols on pottery pieces unearthed from more than 9 archaeological and cultural sites in China, and thought that the earliest carved symbols in China appeared in Jiahu site in Wuyang, Henan Province, with a history of more than 8,000 years. Characters first matured in Shang Dynasty. Oracle Bone Inscriptions and bronze ritual vessels used in Yin Ruins are the earliest mature written materials found in China. The structural characteristics of basic characters in Shang Dynasty can be divided into four categories: based on the physical characteristics of human body and a certain part of human body; Based on labor creation and labor object; Taking the images of animals and livestock as the basis of word formation; Taking natural images as the basis of word formation.

The evolution of Chinese characters

The evolution of Chinese characters has gone through thousands of years, including Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronze inscriptions, seal script, official script, regular script, cursive script, running script, etc., and it has not yet been fully finalized. Chinese characters were written in ancient times, before the Han Dynasty. More vivid. 1, Oracle Bone Inscriptions

Oracle Bone Inscriptions mainly refers to Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins, which was written by the royal family on tortoise shells and animal bones in the late Shang Dynasty in China (14 ~ 1 1 century). It is the earliest and relatively complete ancient Chinese character discovered by China. 2. Jinwen

Bronze inscriptions refer to characters cast on bronze wares of Yin and Zhou Dynasties, also known as Zhong Dingwen. Shang and Zhou Dynasties were the bronze age, with the tripod as the representative ritual vessel and the bell as the representative musical instrument. "Zhong Ding" was synonymous with bronze ware. Therefore, Zhong Dingwen or inscriptions on bronze refers to inscriptions cast or carved on bronzes.

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3. Big seal script

Representing the present Shi Guwen, it was named after a book written by Tai Shihuan of Zhou Xuanwang. On the basis of the original text, he transformed it and got his name because it was engraved on the stone drum. It is the earliest stone carving text that has been circulated so far, and it is the ancestor of stone carving. It began in the late Western Zhou Dynasty and traveled in Qin during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The fonts are similar to those of Qin Zhuan, but the configurations of glyphs overlap.

4. Xiao zhuan

Xiao Zhuan is also called "Qin Zhuan". During the Qin Dynasty, Li Si was ordered to unify the characters, which was called Xiao Zhuan. It was in the Qin dynasty. The shape is long, even and neat, and it evolved from Da Zhuan. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xu Shen said, "Qin Shihuang is the first emperor in the world, ... but he is not in harmony with Qin Wen." Li Si wrote Cang Xie, CZ ordered Zhao Gao to write, loved the calendar, and Grandmaster Hu Wujing wrote erudition: "They all took the stone script seal script, or saved a lot of changes, so-called small seal script." Today's remains (Langyatai Stone Carving) and "Taishan Stone Carving" are masterpieces of Xiao Zhuan.

5. Official script

Official script is basically evolved from seal script, mainly changing the round strokes of seal script into square folds, which makes writing faster, and it is difficult to draw round strokes when writing with pigments on wooden slips. Official script is also called "official character" and "ancient book". It is a font produced on the basis of seal script to meet the needs of convenient writing. The seal script is simplified, and the uniform circle lines of the seal script are changed into straight strokes, which is convenient for writing. Official script can be divided into "Qin Li" (also called "Guli") and "Han Li" (also called "Golden Calendar"). The appearance of official script is a great change in ancient writing and calligraphy. official script

6. Regular script

Regular script is also called official script, or real book. Its characteristics are: square shape, straight strokes, can be used as a model, hence the name. Began in the Eastern Han Dynasty. There are many famous regular script writers, such as Ou Ti (Tang-Ou Yangxun), Yu Ti (Tang-Yu Shinan), Yan Ti (Tang-Yan Zhenqing), Liu Ti (Tang-Liu Gongquan) and Zhao Ti (Song-Yuan-Zhao Mengfu). regular script

7. Running script

A font between regular script and cursive script, which can be said to be cursive or cursive. It is to make up for the shortcomings of slow writing in regular script and illegible cursive script. The brushwork is not as sloppy as cursive script, and it is not required to be as correct as regular script. There are more methods of mold opening than cursive writing, which is called "mold opening". Cursive calligraphy is more than modular method, which is called "cursive calligraphy". Running script was produced in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.

8, cursive script

A style of Chinese characters. Formed in the Han Dynasty, it evolved on the basis of official script for the convenience of writing. There are Cao Zhang, Cao Jin and Crazy Grass. There are rules to follow in the changes of strokes, such as the urgent chapter of the Three Kingdoms Wu in Songjiang Edition. Today's grass is eclectic and fluent, and its representative works include Wang Xizhi's "The First Moon" and Jin Dynasty's "Getting Time". Mad grass appeared in the Tang Dynasty, represented by Zhang Xu and Huai Su, and its brushwork was wild and uninhibited, which became an artistic creation completely divorced from practicality. From then on, cursive script was only the works of calligraphers imitating Cao Zhang, Cao Jin and Kuangcao. Masterpieces such as Zhang Xu's Abdominal Pain Post and Huai Su's Autobiography Post. Cursive script is a font produced for the convenience of writing. It began in the early Han Dynasty. At that time, it was "Cao Li", that is, scribbled official script, which gradually developed into a kind of "Cao Zhang" with artistic value. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhi changed "Cao Zhang" to "modern grass", and the character style was formed in one fell swoop. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Xu and Huai Su developed into "weeds", with continuous strokes and changeable glyphs.

Edit the characteristics of Chinese characters in this paragraph.

Chinese characters are one of the oldest characters in the world, and they are written symbols to record events. Formally, it has gradually changed from a figure to a square symbol composed of strokes, so Chinese characters are generally called "square characters". It has developed from hieroglyphics (ideographs) to phonetic symbols with both sound and meaning, but the overall system is still ideographs. Therefore, Chinese characters have the characteristics of integrating image, sound and meaning. This feature is unique in world writing, so it has unique charm. Chinese characters are the treasure of China's culture for thousands of years, and they are also our lifelong mentor and friend, and everyone's spiritual home. Chinese characters can often arouse our wonderful and bold associations and give people beautiful enjoyment. Wang Xizhi's Calligraphy

Some words are not written, but circulated among the people. Biang is the Chinese character with the most strokes, with 56 strokes, 45 variants and 59 traditional characters. Biangbiang noodle is a kind of noodle that originated in Shaanxi, and now it is also the Biang of noodle restaurant. This word is still in use, and the writing of Biangbiang can only be found in Kangxi dictionary. There is a crossword puzzle about biang: One minute flies to the sky, the Yellow River bends twice, and the eight-character mouth is wide. I walk in it. Twist to the left, twist to the right, and there comes a word in the middle. The left side is long, the right side is long, and in the middle is the king of a horse. At the bottom of my heart, leave a golden hook beside the moon and hang a horse pond cart around Xianyang.

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