What are the legends and customs in beginning of winter?

Beginning of winter and beginning of autumn are the same. The ancients also used divination to see the warmth and coldness of winter in this season, such as "beginning of winter is sunny, and one winter is cold (cold); It is cloudy (rainy) in early winter and warm (warm) in one winter. There are no exceptions. In ancient times, on the day of beginning of winter, the emperor personally led the doctors of three public officials to the northern suburbs to welcome the winter.

Beginning of winter is the19th solar term in 24 solar terms, and the time point is between165438+1October 7-8 in the Gregorian calendar every year, that is, the sun is located at 225 degrees of the yellow meridian, and the amount of solar radiation obtained in the northern hemisphere is less and less, so it is generally not too cold, because there is still some heat storage on the surface in summer. When there is no wind on a sunny day, there is always warm and comfortable "Xiaoyangchun" weather, which is not only very pleasant, but also very beneficial to the growth of winter crops. But at this time, the cold air in the north also has a strong force, often invading the south frequently, and sometimes it will form a cold wave weather with strong winds, cooling rain and snow.

China's solar terms are the carrier of farming customs, and history has passed, leaving behind culture. Festival customs are actually agricultural customs and culture (food customs are also one of them). Although it has no practical significance in modern life, it adds interest to life. Beginning of winter, together with beginning of spring, Changxia and beginning of autumn, is called "Four Seasons", which is an important festival in ancient society. On this day, the emperor will lead civil and military officials to the northern suburbs of Beijing to set up an altar for sacrifice. Now, when people enter the early winter, they should also celebrate. Beginning of winter's food supplements vary from place to place. Most northerners want to eat jiaozi in early winter, but in southern China, people like to eat chicken, duck, fish and so on in early winter.

Beginning of winter is not only a time to hold a grand harvest festival and a harvest feast, but also a season of cold wind. There are customs and activities such as "October New Moon", "Qin Sui Shou", "Cold Clothes Festival" and "Harvest Festival". At this time, in the north, it is the winter months when the water freezes and the ground begins to freeze, but in the south, it is the weather of Xiaoyangchun.

Some customs in early winter have been changed, and some have been passed down to this day. Beginning of winter is an important festival in October. During the Han and Wei Dynasties, on this day, Emperor Tiandi personally led the ministers to meet the winter weather, commended and supported the martyrs who died for their country and their families, asked the deceased to save their lives, and encouraged the people to resist the plunder and invasion of foreign enemies or evil bandits. There are folk customs such as ancestor worship, feasting and predicting the age of ancestors, so as to fulfill the obligations and responsibilities of future generations and pray for God to give them a bumper year in the coming year, and farmers themselves can get drinking.

hotung

He Dong, also known as "winter worship", had this custom in the Han Dynasty. "Four-person Moon Order" in the Eastern Han Dynasty: "On the day of the winter solstice, it is like a sunny day to honor the old with wine and food." On this day in the Song Dynasty, people put on new clothes and celebrated exchanges, just like New Year's Day. In the Qing dynasty, "the solstice is the winter solstice, and the literati pay homage to their elders and pay tribute to each other." Fine people, men and women, also bow to each other with fresher clothes, which is called "worship of winter". He Dong's traditional customs seem to be simplified. However, some activities are gradually fixed, stylized and more universal. For example, in winter schools, teacher-worshipping activities are held in winter.

In some places, the way to celebrate beginning of winter is also innovative. In Harbin, Heilongjiang, Shangqiu, Henan, Yichun, Jiangxi, Wuhan, Hubei and other places, winter swimmers welcome the arrival of winter in this way. Winter swimming is people's favorite exercise in winter, whether in the north or the south.

Dietary customs

Beginning of winter has the custom of eating jiaozi. Beginning of winter, wrapped in jiaozi, tastes different from Chinese cabbage, but also dipped in vinegar and rotten garlic to eat, just don't have a taste. Why does beginning of winter eat jiaozi? Because our country is based on agriculture and attaches great importance to the 24 solar terms, "Festival" is a new growth point of vegetation. Autumn harvest and winter storage, this day, in order to improve our life, we chose "delicious but jiaozi". Therefore, there is a saying in the Book of Rites that "eating melons is also the first sacrifice". On the solstice of winter, there was a custom of "Winter Solstice Festival" in ancient China.

Astronomy regards "beginning of winter" as the beginning of winter, but according to the division of climatology, China will postpone winter for about 20 days. In early winter, the sun has reached the longitude of 225 degrees, and our northern hemisphere gets less and less solar radiation. However, due to the heat stored on the surface in summer and some energy, it is generally not too cold, but the temperature is gradually decreasing. When there is no wind on a sunny day, sunny, warm and comfortable "Xiaoyangchun" weather often appears in October.

After beginning of winter, it means that winter is officially coming. Vegetation withers, stingers sleep, and all activities tend to stop. Although there is no such thing as hibernation, there is a folk custom of making up for winter in beginning of winter. In cold weather, you should eat more warm and nutritious food, which can not only make your body stronger, but also play a good role in keeping out the cold.

Eat dumplings

Why does beginning of winter eat jiaozi? Because intercourse comes from the saying of "sexual intercourse time". New Year's Eve is to say goodbye to the old and welcome the new, and beginning of winter is the turn of autumn and winter. When jiaozi is in love, he can't help eating. People gradually restored this ancient custom. At the beginning of winter, all kinds of jiaozi are very popular. Of course, on the day of winter solstice, Tengzhou, Shandong Province also has the custom of drinking mutton soup.

Autumn harvest and winter planting

This season is a good time to harvest in autumn and plant in winter. All localities should make full use of fine weather to do a good job in harvesting, drying and drying late rice to ensure storage quality. We should pay close attention to winter wheat sowing, pay attention to the weather forecast, make good use of the weather, and sow early when it rains. When it rains, it is best to sow early, ensure the sowing quality, try to bring tillers through the winter, prevent jointing during the year, expand the winter planting area as much as possible and reduce idle fields. All localities should do a good job in planting, repairing water conservancy and storing chemical fertilizers in winter.

Vegetable planting

After beginning of winter, we should do a good job in greenhouse construction in time. At the same time, do a good job in the management of greenhouse vegetables. When the temperature is high during the day, you can uncover the film at the back air outlet for ventilation, and pay attention to the sealing of the greenhouse at night. In North China and Huanghuai areas, when the average temperature of the day drops to about 4℃ and the soil in the field freezes at night and disappears during the day, we must seize the opportunity to water the winter water of wheat, vegetables and orchards, replenish soil moisture, improve the microclimate environment in the field, prevent "drought to help the cold" and reduce and avoid the occurrence of freezing injury. In Jiangnan and South China, it is an important measure to open the "high-yield ditch" in the field in time and do a good job in cleaning and drainage.

Beginning of winter, together with beginning of spring, Changxia and beginning of autumn, is called Li Si, which is an important festival in ancient society. In ancient times, on this day, the son of heaven had the gift of going out to welcome the winter, giving the minister winter clothes and pity the lonely. That is to say, just like beginning of spring, Changxia and beginning of autumn, the ceremony to welcome winter will be held when the winter emperor is established.

Beginning of winter is one of the 24 solar terms in the lunar calendar and one of the traditional festivals in China. The time point is between the Gregorian calendar165438+1October 7-8, that is, the sun is located at 225. At this time, the earth is located at declination-16 19', and the noon sun height in Beijing is only 33 47'. After beginning of winter, the sunshine time will continue to shorten, and the height of the sun will continue to decrease at noon. During beginning of winter's period, the Han people took beginning of winter as beginning of winter, so it was necessary to supplement the dietary customs in order to survive the severe winter.

Li also means that winter begins. Winter means the end, which means that the crops should be harvested after harvest. China regards beginning of winter as the beginning of winter.

Beginning of winter is the nineteenth solar term in the twenty-four solar terms of the lunar calendar, which is determined according to the sun's arrival at 225 degrees of the yellow meridian.

Beginning of winter is not only a time to hold a grand harvest festival and a harvest feast, but also a season of cold wind. There are customs and activities such as "October New Moon", "Qin Sui Shou", "Cold Clothes Festival" and "Harvest Festival". At this time, in the north, it is the winter months when the water freezes and the ground begins to freeze, but in the south, it is the weather of Xiaoyangchun.

Beginning of winter is an important festival in October. During the Han and Wei Dynasties, on this day, Emperor Tiandi personally led the ministers to meet the winter weather, commended and supported the martyrs who died for their country and their families, asked the deceased to save their lives, and encouraged the people to resist the plunder and invasion of foreign enemies or evil bandits. Among the Han people, there are customs such as ancestor worship, feasting, and predicting the age of ancestors, so as to fulfill the obligations and responsibilities of future generations and pray for a bumper year for them in the coming year, and farmers themselves can get drinking.

Some customs in early winter have been changed, and some have been passed down to this day. On this day, the farmer came to Longshou Mountain to inquire about the next year's harvest and held a harvest banquet. Some villages performed to thank Shen Qing for its bumper harvest. "beginning of winter" kills chickens and sheep or supplements other nutrients, which is called "reinforcing winter". When she people climb mountains and patrol fields, they call it "treasure hunting" when they go to the temple.

The whole country rose up against Japan. On the day when the cold wind started, Xiapu City Management launched a vigorous campaign to raise cold clothes, singing "Exile Trilogy" and "Song of Cold Clothes". The tragic and desolate song touched the hearts of thousands of people in Qian Qian, and people along the street all burst into tears and donated money and materials. It has been more than 70 years since the feat in Cold Clothes Festival, and the passionate scene of Xiapu people is still vivid.

folk custom

Welcome to winter.

Beginning of winter, together with beginning of spring, Changxia and beginning of autumn, is an important festival in ancient society. It used to be a farming society. After working for a year, I took advantage of beginning of winter to have a rest and rewarded my family for their hard work. The proverb "beginning of winter fills the winter with an empty mouth" is the best metaphor. In ancient times, on this day, the son of heaven had the gift of going out to welcome the winter, giving the minister winter clothes and pity the lonely. This is generally the case in later generations. Lu Chunqiu: "It is the moon, taking beginning of winter as an example. On the third day of beginning of winter, the son of the Taishi said, "One day in beginning of winter, the sage is in the water." The son of heaven is Zhai On the day of beginning of winter, the son of heaven personally led Dr. Sangong Jiuqing to welcome the winter in the northern suburbs. Nevertheless, it is still a question of rewarding death and caring for the lonely. Gao: "those ancestors who died for national security will be rewarded by their descendants;" If there are widows and orphans, pity them. " Cui Jinbao's Notes on Ancient and Modern Times: "Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, a palace official in winter, was clothed with a coat." Also, "a big hat is a wild suit, which Wei Wendi officials often wear in winter, called a warm hat."

hotung

He Dong, also known as "winter worship", had this custom in the Han Dynasty. Cui Ding's "Four-person Moon Order" in the Eastern Han Dynasty: "On the day of the winter solstice, wine and food are served, respecting the teacher of the old gentleman and welcoming it as a sunny day." On this day in the Song Dynasty, people put on new clothes and celebrated exchanges, just like New Year's Day. In the Qing dynasty, "the solstice is the winter solstice, and the literati pay homage to their elders and pay tribute to each other." Fine people, men and women, also bow to each other with fresher clothes, which is called "worship of winter" (see Ting Anne Lu, Volume XI). Since the Republic of China, the traditional customs of Hedong seem to have been simplified. However, some activities are gradually fixed, stylized and more universal. For example, in winter schools, teacher-worshipping activities are held in winter.

In some places, the way to celebrate beginning of winter is also innovative. In Harbin, Heilongjiang, Shangqiu, Henan, Yichun, Jiangxi, Wuhan, Hubei and other places, winter swimmers welcome the arrival of winter in this way. Winter swimming is people's favorite exercise in winter, whether in the north or the south.

Dietary customs

Beginning of winter has the custom of eating jiaozi. I wrapped jiaozi in early winter, and it tasted like Chinese cabbage.

It's not the same, but also dipped in vinegar and rotten garlic, just don't have a taste.

Why does beginning of winter eat jiaozi? Because our country is based on agriculture and attaches great importance to the 24 solar terms, "Festival" is a new growth point of vegetation. Autumn harvest and winter storage, this day, in order to improve our life, we chose "delicious but jiaozi". Therefore, there is a saying in the Book of Rites that "eating melons is also the first sacrifice". On the solstice of winter, there was a custom of "Winter Solstice Festival" in ancient China.