Twenty-four Historical Notes: 09 Historical Records of Zhou Wenwang.

Ji, also known as Xibo, Qi Hou and Ji Bo, was the father of the famous governors in the late Shang Dynasty.

The ancestors of Zhou people were abandoned by the son of Princess Jiang Yuan. Shundi years abandoned agriculture as a teacher, known as Hou Ji, taught the people to plow the fields, and was enfeoffed in Taitai (now southwest of Shaanxi martial arts). Its descendants have always been an important country in Xia and Shang Dynasties, and moved to the north many times. In the early years of Shang Dynasty, Gong Liu led many people to move to Ji 'an (now southwest of Xunyi, Shaanxi). When he arrived in Gugong Qifu, he moved to the south of Qishan (now Qishan County, Shaanxi Province), and gradually developed into a new western force, calling itself Zhou. In ancient times, there were three sons: the eldest son Taibo, the second son Yuzhong and the youngest son Ji Li. His wife, Tairen, gave birth to Chang. When I was young, I was filial to my parents, loved my younger brother, loved learning, and was kind and charitable. Gu Qigong stroked his grandson's head and said happily, "My family will thrive on this child." Taibo and Yuzhong saw that their father intended to set up their brother's calendar in order to pass it on to Chang, so they fled to the ground together and gave up the throne to the calendar. After Ji Li succeeded to the throne, he enforced morality, developed production and expelled Yidi, which made him stronger and had conflicts with businessmen. Sent someone to kill him, and Yu's son often succeeded him.

Often, the word Xibo, inherited the inheritance of Hou Ji and Gong Liu, kept the ancient statutes and calendars, loved the people and loved the people, respected the old and loved the young, and respected the virtuous corporal. In order to receive scholars, he often forgets to eat and sleep, and his reputation is growing. Many famous people, such as Taidian, Yao Hong, Sanyisheng, Xunzi and Dr. Xinjia, came to defect. It is said that the son of a bear was 90 years old when he voted. Xibo said, "Mr. Wang is old." Xunzi replied, "I am too old to catch tigers or chase deer." But sitting and giving advice, I'm still young. "Xibo then asked him to participate in government affairs. Xin's family was a minister of Shang Dynasty, but after repeatedly urging Zhou Wang not to listen, they came to defect. After talking with Gong Zhou, he found that he was very clever and recommended him to Xibo. Xibo personally greeted him at the hotel and sent him to his eldest son. Xibo is very cautious in handling political affairs. He often consulted with eight security officers, his younger brothers Zhong Zhong and Shu Guo, let Yao Hong analyze, let the Nangong plan, let Cai Yuan advise, let Xin Jia advise, and then let Zhao Gong and Bi Rong determine. Therefore, he not only managed Zhou Guo in an orderly way, but also served as the three officials of the Shang Dynasty, which was also very popular.

Yin was cruel and dissolute by nature, and even his cronies were killed at will. Xibo sighed for the future of Shang Dynasty. Chonghou sent a secret message to Zhou Wang, saying, "Xibo has accumulated good deeds, different people have different opinions, and the wise have different opinions, and all the princes support him. His prince is brave and able to use people, and his fourth son is respectful and thrifty, and is good at analyzing the situation. These circumstances are very unfavorable to your majesty. " Zhou Wang called Xibo and put him in prison. During his seven years in prison, Xibo once wrote songs to express his resentment, saying that "the political chaos in Shang Dynasty was hopeless. The monarch and the minister are in cahoots with each other and can't tell them apart. Beautiful women who are crazy about music always listen to gossip. Extremely cruel and tyrannical, even I feel ashamed. Put me in prison because of one sentence. The princes who came to see me were very worried. " In prison, he carefully studied the ancient Book of Changes, and interpreted it as 64 hexagrams and 384 hexagrams, which was called Zhouyi. Other governors sympathized with Xibo's imprisonment, advised Zhou Wang not to listen, and brought bedding to accompany Xibo to prison.

In order to rescue Xibe, Zhou Chensan and Yao Hong found their familiar hermit Lu Shang. There are several legends about how he became Zhou Chen. One theory is that he is knowledgeable and once worked under Zhou Wang. He left when he had no choice but to lobby the princes, but no one listened to him and joined Xibo. Another way of saying it is: He used to slaughter cattle for a living in Chao Ge and also sold drinking pulp in Jin Meng. When I get old, I will use fishing to attract Xibe's attention. Xibo was going out hunting, and Zhen divined for him and said, "What you got from this hunting will be help to the overlord." Xibo went hunting, and sure enough he met Lu Shang, who was fishing in the north of Weishui. When talking with him, I found that he was very knowledgeable and said with great excitement: "At the beginning, my late Taigong once said,' A saint will come to Zhou, and Zhou will flourish from it.' Are you a saint? My grandfather has been looking forward to you for a long time! So he called him "King Tai Gong", brought him back and made him a Buddhist. The third theory is that Sanyisheng and Yao Hong invited him to plan how to rescue Xibe. Lu Shang said: "I heard that Xibo is a smart man and likes to support the elderly. Of course I will go. So the three men discussed and gave the most beautiful women in the world, namely, Shen's daughter, Li Rong, a bear born in Jiuqi, and many rare treasures, through the minister. "。 Zhou Wang said happily, "This woman is enough to redeem Xibo." He defended himself by saying, "It was my worship of Houhu that vilified me that led me to lock Xibo up." So he released Xi Bochang, gave him a bow, an arrow and an axe, and allowed him to have the power to crusade against other governors and put the south under his jurisdiction. Jiang, Han, Ru, Ying and other governors all obeyed their orders. Xibe took the opportunity to express his willingness to give Luoxi land and asked the dynasty to abolish the punishment of branding. Zhou Wang agreed.

Xi Bochang returned to Qixia, ostensibly repairing Yumen, building a platform, arranging maids, banging bells and drums, and indulging in amusement. Zhou Wang heard the news and said, "Xibo has turned over a new leaf, and I have no worries." By stealth, Xibochang is more virtuous and kind, recruiting talents and talents, paying attention to credibility and pleasing the people, and has a high reputation among princes. There are contradictions between princes, and they are all looking for him to deal with them. The dispute between Guo Yu (now northeast of Pinglu, Shanxi) and Guo Rui (now west of Ruicheng, Shanxi) has a long history, and the monarchs of both countries came to judge Zhou. After entering the surrounding area, I saw farmers give way to each other and pedestrians gave way to each other. When I entered Zhouyi, I saw that men and women went their separate ways, and the old man did not bear the burden. When I arrived at the imperial court, I saw that the literati gave each other the position of doctor, and the doctor gave each other the position of Qing. Before meeting Xibo, He Ruijun said with shame, "It is shameful for Zhou people to fight for that little land. We are all villains, how dare we go to Scholar's Academy! " So the two immediately returned and agreed to treat the disputed land as idle land and no one was farming it. When the princes heard this, they were very moved and said, "Xibo is really the king's appointed Lord!" " "Suddenly, more than 30 governors joined them. The ancients said that Xibochang resigned himself from now on. This year, he was acclaimed as the king by the governors, and was called Zhou Wenwang.

In order to further establish prestige and develop power, Zhou Wenwang decided to conquer foreign countries. He defeated western dogs first. The next year, I asked Lu Shang, "Who can crusade?" The answer is: "You can March eastward to Xu Mi (now Lingtai, Gansu)." Guan Shu said: "The king of the Secret Book is strong and sober, and he can't go east." Lu Taigong said, "The former king always cut the inverse but didn't cut it smoothly. If it was difficult, he didn't cut it easily." So he sent troops to Mishu, and Mishu bound his monarch and surrendered to the Zhou people. In the third year, he defeated Li Guo (now Licheng, Shanxi). Zoe, Yin's minister, was afraid and told Zhou Wang. Zhou Wang said: "There is still a destiny, what can be done!" The following year, the crusade was made to Zhizhou (now Qinyang, Henan). Finally, he sent troops to crusade against Shang Yang's most powerful ally in the west, Chongguo (now Huxian East, Shaanxi Province). Zhou Wenwang issued a declaration, saying, "He worships Houhu, bullies his father and brother, shows no respect for the elders, shows no pity for the weak, and distributes wealth unevenly. People are deprived of everything, no clothes and no food. I want to crusade against him now. " When attacking Guo Chong, he ordered his troops: "Don't hurt innocent people, don't damage houses, don't fill wells, don't cut down trees, and don't rob livestock. Violator unforgiven! " Chonghou stuck to the capital and was besieged for three years without surrendering. Zhou Wenwang withdrew its troops and returned to China, practicing the unity of politics and religion, uniting the people and developing the economy. After another crusade, Chonghou finally surrendered.

Once, Zhou Wenwang went on patrol and saw a dead bone on the roadside, so he asked the deacon to bury it. The little official said, "This is a skeleton with no owner." Zhou Wenwang said: "The son of heaven is the master of the world, the king is the master of a country, and I am the master of this bone." So he made a coffin, put on the bones and buried them. Hearing this, everyone in the world said, "Xibo is kind to the bones of the dead, let alone people?" King Wen asked Lu Jun, "How can we win the world?" Lord Lu replied, "The kingdom of kings makes the people rich. Overlooking the country makes the rich. The only remaining country makes doctors rich. If there is no way, the state treasury has money, which is called overflow. " King Wen said, "You speak very well." Open the warehouse at once and take out money and food to help the poor. Zhou's career is booming. In order to facilitate the eastward development, King Wen moved the capital to Fengyi (now the west bank of Fengshui, Shaanxi). At this time, Zhou's power expanded even more, and the land in the world was already two-thirds. However, King Wen pretended to obey the Shang Dynasty on the surface, and sometimes he led the prince who rebelled against the merchants to worship Zhou Wang.

King Wen married a woman named Shen. Daxian is called Wenmu, Wang Wen's external governance and Wenmu's internal governance. Wang Wen's career has been greatly helped by his wife.

In the second year of moving to Fengyi, Wang Wen was seriously ill and stayed in bed for five days at the age of 97. Before he died, he said to the prince, "Don't slack off in doing good, don't hesitate when the opportunity comes, and don't be afraid to correct mistakes." These three points are the most important. "

Later, Lu Shang helped destroy Yin and was enfeoffed in Yingqiu of Qi State (now northwest of Yidu, Shandong Province). After arriving here, he defeated Lion and settled down. Then he complied with local customs, simplified etiquette, encouraged the development of commerce and handicrafts, and made full use of the fish and salt resources on the seashore. People from all directions came to join him, and Qi became a big country.

Comments: When Yin was tyrannical and unscrupulous, Bochang appeared in the west as a kind-hearted and charitable corporal, and soon won the support of the people and governors, and was called the Lord of the world. Later, he conquered foreign countries, wiped out hostile governors and gained control over two-thirds of the land of China. At this point, although Zhou people were still nominally a commercial country, they had basically completed the preparations for destroying the business, and it was only a matter of time before they seized the world. The ancients talked about the holy king, and his words must be called the three kings. One of the three kings is Zhou Wenwang. The success and kindness of Zhou Wenwang's career are the main reasons why he won high praise. But his tactics of keeping a low profile and seeking survival and development are actually the secret weapon of his success. He never said a word against Yin. After being released from prison by Zhou Wang, he did not openly pull out the anti-business banner, but quietly hollowed out the ruling foundation of Zhou Wang, just waiting to launch a general attack. At least before him, no politician played politics to his level and realm. Zhou Wenwang is the originator of China politics.