Emperor Taizong's Character and Shortcomings

The monarch needs to make property for the people economically and ignore taxes.

Make the country sufficient; Cultural education can carry forward the style of writing and spread national prestige in martial arts; the best

The policies he implemented can have a far-reaching impact on future generations; of course

As the king of a country

Private morality is also taken into account to consider whether it is a well-deserved monarch. Throughout Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, Emperor Taizong and Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty

Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty was able to achieve the second unification.

However, in his later years, it was easy for him to save the hero.

Even less pity for the people; And Tang Xuanzong pushed Tang's economy and national strength to the peak.

But he was addicted to it in his later years.

Less credit group

Frequent use of troops

Affect people's livelihood and national strength. Emperor Taizong launched the "Xuanwumen Change"

Usurp one's brother's throne

Although it is detrimental to personal morality.

However, under the leadership of Emperor Taizong, governance was people-oriented.

It laid the foundation for the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

Carry forward Tang Guowei

Leave a model of the system for future generations.

All aspects are enough to make up for the mistake of improper position. During the reign of the Three Masters, there were mistakes.

But from the perspective of economy, culture, education, martial arts and its influence on later generations,

Zhenguan period is the most prominent.

Besides, everyone has shortcomings.

After Emperor Taizong seized the throne, he was generally diligent and loved the people.

So I think Emperor Taizong is the most commendable of the three masters. The success of Zhenguan rule

One of the reasons is that Taizong knows people and is good at his duties.

Open the way. He doesn't shy away from his relatives.

Don't avoid the enemy by doing things outside. "Use talents."

The famous remonstrator is an old family of Li.

Both Fang and Du Ruhui were born in small local officials.

Emperor Taizong once reused it; On the other hand, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty

He is suspicious by nature.

In his later years, he repeatedly killed the founding heroes and belittled the virtuous ministers, which made the talents of the Sui Dynasty wither. On the lack of credit groups in the later period of Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty

Recall a respectable minister

It is wrong for the government to let the group take less power. Only Emperor Taizong deeply understood the advantages of appointing sages and being brave in speaking and remonstrating.

He once said, "You are wise.

Listen at the same time; It's too dark.

Partial faith is also "so he also expanded the authority of the exhorter.

I dare to speak and be good at remonstrating.

It enabled Guan Zhen to brainstorm and establish an enlightened political atmosphere in the Tang Dynasty. in addition

Emperor Taizong inherited and perfected the central political system of the Sui Dynasty.

Establish a system of three provinces and six departments

Zhongshu Province is responsible for drafting imperial edicts.

The province under the door is responsible for refuting.

Six ministers are responsible for implementation.

Make them coordinate with each other

And set up a "government hall"

Adopt the collegiate system of three provinces

Improve administrative efficiency. Emperor Taizong's administration is more people-oriented.

He inherited the land equalization system of the Sui Dynasty, and an adult male could get 80 mu of Kubanden.

Old age should be returned.

Twenty acres of hereditary permanent land; Cooperate with the leasing system

Reduce corvee and tax.

Land rent and forced labor are lighter than before.

The income is used for people to buy property, produce and stabilize the country's entry. He also built water conservancy projects and encouraged production.

At the same time, I am frugal.

Zeng Tinggong Sifang Treasure

Fired many maids. These measures made the society stable and prosperous at that time.

It's only three or four yuan to cook. In terms of culture and education

He established the imperial examination system.

Replace the nine-product system with the principle of attaching importance to talents.

There are objective criteria for selecting candidates.

Help combat gate valves and melting classes.

Collection right and the effectiveness of attracting scholars. He also set up a "Hong Wen Pavilion" in the palace, collecting more than 200,000 books.

After listening to politics

Discuss the way of governing the country with the ministers. You Daxing Chinese culture

Yan Mingru gives lectures.

Korea, Baekje, Tufan and other countries sent their disciples to study in Chang 'an.

Make the style of writing flourish. Because Emperor Taizong was elegant and good at Confucianism.

Make Confucius and others compile the justice of the Five Classics.

Sorting out the classics of past dynasties

Therefore, Confucian classics flourished.

There are also unified standards for imperial examinations. He also established a national history museum to revise history.

Rich in books

The tradition of official history compilation after Tang Dynasty. A bad evaluation of Prince Chenggan's rebellion during the Zhenguan period of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty led to the fate of Wei Zhi's tombstone buried in Zhaoling and lying on the ground. As for the relevant records of this historical event, some historical records mention that Emperor Taizong rebuilt this monument in the future. However, from the perspective of Wei Zhi before restoration, the collapsed monument is still abandoned and there is no sign of reconstruction. As for why historians failed to write a straight book and deliberately misinterpreted historical facts, it seems to beautify the story that Emperor Taizong and Wei Zhi became famous ministers and sages. The story of Wei Zhi's remonstration with Emperor Taizong is a much-told story in the history of the Tang Dynasty, which has been talked about by people for thousands of years. These two famous soldiers who were ruled by Zhenguan also became a model of the fit between monarch and minister in ancient China. Even though Wei Zhi was furious because of Emperor Taizong's contradiction before his death, he made a determined effort to "kill this Tian She Weng", but the words of his eldest grandson "serve as an official" resolved the crisis and made the story more colorful. In the seventeenth year of Zhenguan, when Wei Zhi was dying, the dying view given by Emperor Taizong was also very touching. The emperor condescended to visit again and again to ask about the situation, saying that "there is not much medicine left" and "sad tears", and also betrothed his daughter Princess Hengshan to Wei Zhengzi's uncle Yu. On his deathbed, Wei Zhi took his daughter-in-law who had not yet passed the door and shouted at Wei Zhi, who could not answer, "How dare the public treat the bride!" When Wei Zhi died, "Emperor Taizong personally offered condolences, and the imperial court abolished 500 yuan". At the funeral, "Emperor Taizong went to the West Building of the Garden to cry" and ordered the officials to be sent out of the suburbs. The king of Jin gave a letter to sacrifice, and Zhao Ling chartered to be buried with him. Second, he personally wrote an inscription and made a calligraphy stone, which was extremely tragic and glorious. Emperor Taizong has a famous saying about three mirrors, which he told his courtiers when he came to the court afterwards: a husband can dress himself up with bronze mirrors; Taking history as a mirror, we can know the rise and fall; Take people as a mirror, you can know the gains and losses. I have kept these three mirrors in case I pass by. Now Wei Zhi is dead, he died in a mirror! Emperor Taizong also said, "I have been crying for a long time." Mitchell wrote and wrote, leaving a happy story of this pair of model monarch and minister to future generations. In fact, the sequel to the story is not complete. After Wei Zhi's death, there were two variations, namely, the termination of marriage and the erection of a monument, which Mitchell could not avoid but had to record. In the seventeenth year of Zhenguan, in the first month, Wei Zhi died, and in April, Prince Chenggan's rebellion was abolished. Hou suspected of this case was killed and Du was demoted. At first, Wei Zheng suggested that these two people choose the prime minister. At this time, Emperor Taizong suspected Wei Zhengdang. In order to ensure the status of the new Prince Li Zhi, we must completely eliminate the influence of Prince Cheng Gan. Emperor Taizong showed no mercy to the late Wei Zhi.

Chicure/0108a07/0108a07 In the case of economic depression, social unrest and border turmoil, Emperor Taizong made policy adjustments and took concrete measures to restore the social economy, so that ordinary people could live and work in peace and contentment, and a situation of "chastity rule" appeared. He also consolidated the relationship between the country and all ethnic groups and developed ties with Asian countries. Emperor Taizong made great achievements before his death, and after his death, he influenced later generations with his own political theory and personal image. Such kings are rare in history. Emperor Taizong once said, "When I was eighteen, I was the master of the economy, with Liu Wuzhou in the north, Xue Ju in Xiping and Dou Jiande and Wang in the east. Twenty-four years old, settled down, twenty-nine years old, prominent position. I was subdued by people from all directions, and I found peace in the sea. I call myself a master of ancient heroes, and I'm quite complacent when I haven't met them. This is my fault. It can be seen that Emperor Taizong once had a complacent attitude towards his martial arts achievements. Historical contribution In fact, it is naturally his great achievement to draw a level and conquer the world, but this is only the achievement of a commander in chief, and other generals can also accomplish this task. The main achievements of Emperor Taizong as emperor are to stabilize the domestic situation, resume the development of production, consolidate and develop a unified multi-ethnic country, develop foreign exchanges and prosper academics and culture. In the process of Tang Taizong's treatment of ministers, the political thought and the political situation of the unity of monarch and minister formed is a valuable historical heritage, which has a far-reaching impact on later generations. Politicians of past dynasties took Emperor Taizong as an example and the rule of Zhenguan as their political goal. From the gains and losses in his later years to the middle and old age of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong thought that he had greatly surpassed the ancients in martial arts, literacy and nostalgia, and his complacency increased greatly. He stopped encouraging his deputies to express their opinions. After his comments, he was somewhat unwilling to accept them, and his greed for personal enjoyment was also increasing. By his own admission, Emperor Taizong said, "Since I took the throne, I have done many bad things. It's all my fault that I am resplendent in splendor, pavilions in the palace, dogs, horses, eagles and falcons wandering around. "But on the whole, in terms of greed and pleasure, Taizong can also notice that it is not beyond the limits that the people can bear. Historically, Jason Wu in the Tang Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu and Sima Guang in the Northern Song Dynasty, Gezhi in the Yuan Dynasty, and even Ming Xianzong in the Ming Dynasty all gave high evaluation. Don? Wu Jing is an official in Zhenguan? The preface says: "Tang Taizong's political changes are considerable. Since ancient times, there is nothing left. "Northern Song Dynasty? Ouyang Xiu in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty? Emperor Taizong praised: "There have been merits and demerits since ancient times, and there has been no such thing since the Han Dynasty. "Yuan? Ge Zhi, the author of the Collection of Zhenguan dignitaries in Yuan Dynasty, said: "Fu Taizong took the matter of two emperors and three kings as the way of self-cultivation and was ashamed of the way of family. "However, he sacrificed himself to help the virtuous, enabled himself, was diligent and thrifty, and generously loved the people. He was also a descendant of three generations, and there was no one else except himself. After a gentleman, it will be beneficial to choose his goodness and follow it, and change his inferiority! " Here, Emperor Taizong committed the crime of "two emperors and three kings" in terms of self-cultivation and keeping the family in order, mainly referring to the struggle for the throne between Emperor Taizong and his brother Li. Ming? Obviously, Emperor Taizong of the Ming Dynasty wrote when he ordered Confucian scholars to revise and reprint Zhenguan dignitaries: "Emperor Taizong was a wise king of the Tang Dynasty, who helped the world and the people, and was magnificent and outstanding." Unfortunately, to cultivate one's morality with a righteous heart, two emperors and three Wang Zhidao were guilty, but the handling was not pure. 」