Could Xia Dynasty be ancient Egypt? There is no evidence that Egypt has an influence on Erlitou culture.

There are still many debates in the field of history, the most bizarre of which is the relationship with ancient Egypt. There is even a view that the Xia Dynasty was actually ancient Egypt. From a more rigorous point of view, this view should not be completely denied, but there is no definite evidence that Egypt has an influence on Erlitou culture. 1. From a linguistic point of view, Xia and Shang Dynasties have nothing to do with ancient Egypt. According to this, it is generally judged that ancient Egypt and Xia Shang developed independently, and even the ancient Mesopotamian civilization closest to ancient Egypt developed independently. Although Akkadian in ancient Mesopotamia had something to do with ancient Egyptian, Sumerian, another major language, had nothing to do with ancient Egyptian. Ancient Egypt could not even influence Mesopotamia, how could it influence Xia and Shang Dynasties? 2. Xia Shang developed from the local Neolithic culture, and the evolution of artifacts shows that there is a strong correlation between Neolithic culture and Xia Shang culture; From the agricultural point of view, we don't look at artifacts, but from the local Neolithic culture to the Xia and Shang Dynasties, the agricultural model represented by millet, millet, rice, pig, dog and silkworm is also in the same strain. Sheep and wagons are foreign, but not from Egypt, but from Mesopotamia. 3. From a deeper artistic and philosophical point of view, ancient Egypt is completely different from Xia and Shang Dynasties. It is easy to find a description of Pharaoh from Egyptian art, but it is difficult to find a description of the king from Xia and Shang art-Xia and Shang art expressed ancestor worship with bronzes and complex abstract ornamentation, and the two cultures are different on the artistic basis; The ultimate philosophical concept of ancient Egypt is eternity-either unchangeable eternity or eternity in the cycle of life and death. However, Xia and Shang cultures did not highlight this concept, but used divination to find the law of events. This reaction of art and philosophy is difficult to find the same point in the higher thinking activities at that time. How can you say that they are too close? 4. As for Xia and Shang in Historical Records, it is actually not one yuan. There is a big difference between the chronology of ancient bamboo slips and historical records, and there are big differences on at least a few key issues, such as Yao and Shun's succession to the throne, whether Yu's abdication is beneficial or hereditary, whether Tai Jia killed Yi Yin, and whether Wen Ding killed Li. This diversification shows that the construction of Xia and Shang dynasties is necessarily diversified, not imported from abroad, and history cannot be a part of culture. Moreover, the primitive historical era of Xia and Shang dynasties must be combined with historical materials and physical evidence. Only relying on YY's old historical knowledge, we can only draw absurd conclusions. 5. A basic logic of learning is that relevance and similarity do not represent causality, and the similarity between Oracle Bone Inscriptions and hieroglyphics cannot explain their relationship without evidence of the propagation process. At present, according to the archaeology of Xia, Shang and Zhou compiled by Jing Zhongwei and Wang Lixin, we think that Xia corresponds to Erlitou culture, and three important sites, Erlitou in Yanshi, Zhengzhou Ancient Master and Wangjinglou in Xinzheng, have been excavated, and five regional types, namely Erlitou, Niujiaogang, Yangzhuang, Xiawanggang and Donglongshan, have been distinguished, and the combination of artifacts and the development of handicrafts have been basically understood, and religion has been preliminarily discussed. It is particularly important to emphasize that Erlitou culture is less influenced by external factors, and basically appears in the middle and late stage of development. Foreign cultures mainly absorb some pottery types from the neighboring Xiaqiyuan, Shandong Yueshi, Gan Qing Qijia, Southeast Maqiao, Jianghuai Doujitai and other cultures, as well as bronze knives, bronze tomahawks and other weapons in the northern and northwestern grasslands, and some jade articles from Longshan culture. The most important thing is in the end: the bronze container pioneered by Erlitou is generally considered to be influenced by the bronze smelting technology of the bronze culture in Northwest-Central Asia. The bronze Jue and bronze cup in Erlitou may be inspired by the flowing pot and bronze cup unearthed from Shahid site in Iran. That is, Erlitou people made a bronze version of local pottery with the technology from the West and originality according to local conditions. Above, there is no evidence that Egypt really influenced Erlitou culture.

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There are still many debates in the field of history, the most bizarre of which is the relationship with ancient Egypt. There is even a view that the Xia Dynasty was actually ancient Egypt. From a more rigorous point of view, this view should not be completely denied, but there is no definite evidence that Egypt has an influence on Erlitou culture.

1. From a linguistic point of view, Xia and Shang Dynasties have nothing to do with ancient Egypt. According to this, it is generally judged that ancient Egypt and Xia Shang developed independently, and even the ancient Mesopotamian civilization closest to ancient Egypt developed independently. Although Akkadian in ancient Mesopotamia had something to do with ancient Egyptian, Sumerian, another major language, had nothing to do with ancient Egyptian. Ancient Egypt could not even influence Mesopotamia, how could it influence Xia and Shang Dynasties?

2. Xia Shang developed from the local Neolithic culture, and the evolution of artifacts shows that there is a strong correlation between Neolithic culture and Xia Shang culture; From the agricultural point of view, we don't look at artifacts, but from the local Neolithic culture to the Xia and Shang Dynasties, the agricultural model represented by millet, millet, rice, pig, dog and silkworm is also in the same strain. Sheep and wagons are foreign, but not from Egypt, but from Mesopotamia.

3. From a deeper artistic and philosophical point of view, ancient Egypt is completely different from Xia and Shang Dynasties. It is easy to find a description of Pharaoh from Egyptian art, but it is difficult to find a description of the king from Xia and Shang art-Xia and Shang art expressed ancestor worship with bronzes and complex abstract ornamentation, and the two cultures are different on the artistic basis; The ultimate philosophical concept of ancient Egypt is eternity-either unchangeable eternity or eternity in the cycle of life and death. However, Xia and Shang cultures did not highlight this concept, but used divination to find the law of events. This reaction of art and philosophy is difficult to find the same point in the higher thinking activities at that time. How can you say that they are too close?

4. As for Xia and Shang in Historical Records, it is actually not one yuan. There is a big difference between the chronology of ancient bamboo slips and historical records, and there are big differences on at least a few key issues, such as Yao and Shun's succession to the throne, whether Yu's abdication is beneficial or hereditary, whether Tai Jia killed Yi Yin, and whether Wen Ding killed Li. This diversification shows that the construction of Xia and Shang dynasties is necessarily diversified, not imported from abroad, and history cannot be a part of culture. Moreover, the primitive historical era of Xia and Shang dynasties must be combined with historical materials and physical evidence. Only relying on YY's old historical knowledge, we can only draw absurd conclusions.

5. A basic logic of learning is that relevance and similarity do not represent causality, and the similarity between Oracle Bone Inscriptions and hieroglyphics cannot explain their relationship without evidence of the propagation process.

At present, according to the archaeology of Xia, Shang and Zhou compiled by Jing Zhongwei and Wang Lixin, we think that Xia corresponds to Erlitou culture, and three important sites, Erlitou in Yanshi, Zhengzhou Ancient Master and Wangjinglou in Xinzheng, have been excavated, and five regional types, namely Erlitou, Niujiaogang, Yangzhuang, Xiawanggang and Donglongshan, have been distinguished, and the combination of artifacts and the development of handicrafts have been basically understood, and religion has been preliminarily discussed.

In particular, Erlitou culture is less influenced by external factors, and basically appears in the middle and late stage of development. Foreign cultures mainly absorb some pottery types from the neighboring Xiaqiyuan, Shandong Yueshi, Gan Qing Qijia, Southeast Maqiao, Jianghuai Doujitai and other cultures, as well as bronze knives, bronze tomahawks and other weapons in the northern and northwestern grasslands, and some jade articles from Longshan culture. The most important thing is in the end: the bronze container pioneered by Erlitou is generally considered to be influenced by the bronze smelting technology of the bronze culture in Northwest-Central Asia. The bronze Jue and bronze cup in Erlitou may be inspired by the flowing pot and bronze cup unearthed from Shahid site in Iran. That is, Erlitou people made a bronze version of local pottery with the technology from the West and originality according to local conditions.

Above, there is no evidence that Egypt really influenced Erlitou culture.