What is AK?

Mikhail Kalashnikov, a famous Soviet gun designer, became famous in one fell swoop. Russian is called автоматкалашниковаоб. Pronunciation of Akka in Russian is because the Russian name is автоматкалашникова?. The Russian pronunciation of Akka is OK, which is Russian abbreviation, but when using Russian pronunciation, the full name of the gun must be written and read as the Russian name автоматклашни?. It is the same as the rifle in World War II. Adopt the principle of air-guided automation. Turn the locking bolt. 7.62 mm caliber, 7.62×39 mm M 1943 medium-power bullet firing, supplying 30 rounds of arc magazine. The backup magazine can carry up to 90 rounds of ammunition, which is equivalent to 3 magazines. You can choose semi-automatic or fully automatic launch mode. 1947 was selected as Soviet standard equipment, and 1949 was finalized and officially put into mass production. The Izhevsk military factory is responsible for production. The Soviet troops were equipped in 195 1. 1953 changed the production mode of the casing, changed the stamping process into mechanical processing process, and then started a large number of equipment. Motorized infantry, guards and service personnel of the Russian Air Force and Navy use wooden or plastic gunstocks, while ас-47 (AKS-47) uses foldable metal gunstocks. The folded stock is 645 mm long. Suitable for airborne troops, tank soldiers and special forces. It is said that Kalashnikov borrowed the following gun designs: TKB-4 15 from Burkina Faso, AS-44 or AVS-3 1 from simonov. Gordon Williamson even said that STG-44 influenced AK-47, which is certainly not credible, but at least there is evidence that Hugo Schmeiser "assisted" Karl Marx's work after the war. AK-47 bolt machine is reliable, durable and has low failure rate. No matter what temperature conditions, it has good shooting performance, especially in sand and mud, and its performance is reliable. Its mechanical structure can still ensure its continuous operation even when foreign objects such as dust enter the gun continuously. Good service; Simple structure and easy decomposition. However, we should not be overly superstitious about its reliability. In fact, the instructions of each AK will clearly point out that the gun should be wiped after shooting, and it should be wiped every ten days or so when not shooting to prevent dust from entering the gun body, otherwise it may explode. Its main disadvantages are: due to the serious muzzle jump during automatic shooting, the back seat of the gun rack hits the bottom shell, the short barrel leads to a short aiming baseline, and the design of the sight is not ideal, which affects the shooting accuracy. The accuracy beyond 200 meters cannot be guaranteed, and the ejaculation degree is even lower. In fact, it can only meet the requirements of short-range combat, which is mainly based on encounter, and it is heavier. In the late 1950s, the Soviet AK-47 was replaced by its improved AKM assault rifle. Improved амм (автоматкалашника).

The above shortcomings of AK-47 are discussed. At the same time, stamping and welding processes are further adopted to synthesize materials, which reduces the weight and production cost and is beneficial to mass production. AK-47 is a widely used rifle. The troops of more than 30 countries in the world are equipped with this rifle, and some of them are copied or authorized. The Soviet Union exported а K-47 series rifles and their manufacturing technology to all parts of the world. а K-47 and its improved version are widely used by the military or anti-government forces in many third world countries and even western countries because of their amazing reliability, simple structure, durability, good quality and low price, and convenient use. All parties to the conflict in some areas are happy to use it. In addition, many countries in the world have carried out imitation or licensed production, including the former East Germany, the former Czechoslovakia, the former Yugoslavia, Hungary, China (whose imitation rifle 1956 has long been called Type 56 assault rifle), Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Egypt, Cuba and North Korea. , still in production in 2 1 century. Its design ideas also influenced the design ideas of infantry light weapons in Israel, Finland, China and other countries, such as Israel's Galil assault rifle and China's 8 1 automatic rifle. K-47 series rifles are one of the most widely used rifle weapons. Its breadth may only be comparable to that of Mao Se rifle and Colt revolver in the history of light weapons. Due to the wide use of AK series rifles in the world, Kalashnikov is known as the "gun king of the world". Over the past 60 years since its birth, it has killed millions of people, and this number is constantly setting a new record with the number of 250,000 per year.

operating characteristic

7.62 mm ammunition м 1943 7.62×39 mm medium-power magazine with capacity of 30 rounds, automatic air guide and locking mode, bolt rotation firing mode, single/continuous empty gun weight of 4.3 kg, total gun length of 875 mm (fixed stock)/645 mm (folding stock), barrel length of 4 15 mm, aiming at the baseline of 378 mm.

grind

1944, Kalashnikov designed a semi-automatic carbine, which fired 7.62× 39mm м 1943 intermediate powerful bullet. The piston and piston rod are fixed together, but not connected with the machine gun frame. The magazine capacity is 10 rounds, and the air duct is located above the barrel. This gun adopts the rotary locking of the bolt. This locking method directly refers to the American M 1 Garland rifle. However, the rotating head on this semi-automatic carbine has been improved by Kalashnikov, which is longer and faster, which greatly increases the reliability of the locking mechanism. The development of AK-47 actually started from this seemingly unrelated semi-automatic rifle. The further improvement of this carbine locking mechanism has become the core part of all automatic weapons developed by Kalashnikov from 1945 to 1990. After more than 50 years of practical application, the system has proved to be very reliable, so it is also called Kalashnikov system. This semi-automatic carbine model 1945 is an improvement of semi-automatic carbine model 1944, with the same basic features, and the tubular drawgun handle is located at the upper right. The magazine design has changed. But the air guide cavity above the barrel is a bit like SKS semi-automatic rifle in simonov, and the shape of the air guide device has some clues of AK-47. 1946, Kalashnikov began to design assault rifles. Based on this semi-automatic carbine, a fully automatic rifle was designed and sent to participate in the national shooting range selection test. The sample gun is called AK-46, which means 1946 automatic rifle. The air guide device and bolt machine are basically the same as the semi-automatic carbine originally designed, which adopts stamping riveting shell, and the launching mechanism has two types: single shot and full automatic, and the iron is repeatedly stuck on the trigger; The entrance of the 30-round arc magazine is under the magazine, the safety/quick release handle is on the left side of the magazine, the pistol grip, stock, front grip and guard wood are all made of wood, and the muzzle brake is cylindrical. The working principle of AK-47 experimental model is the same as that of AK-46, but the difference is that the piston, piston rod and gun body are integrated together for the first time-fixed together with screws. The case is stamped, the front of the case is fixed to the barrel, and the safety/speed handle is placed on the right side of the case for the first time. There is no adjusting device in the air guide chamber, and the puller handle is on the right side. AK-47 No.2 test gun is characterized by changing the design of air guide chamber, piston and piston rod. When the air guide hole is extended, the powder gas entering the air guide chamber increases. There is a vent hole between the lower part of the airway and the cylinder, and the piston rod has four grooves. Muzzle brake is changed into double-cavity structure. No.3 test gun changed the design of the air guide cavity, so that the cylindrical air guide piston was completely sealed in the air guide cavity, and the piston rod had four grooves. Adopt a new muzzle brake. AK-47 assault rifle (model 1) was finalized, and/KLOC-0 was officially put into production in 1949. This weapon was developed for mechanized infantry. In the same year, the Soviet army officially adopted AK-47. This model has no bayonet, and the case and many accessories are produced by stamping process. The advantages of stamping process are less material consumption and high production efficiency. Many people refer to this early AK-47 as "model 1" to distinguish AK-47 produced by 195 1 and 1953. 195 1 experimental type (type 2) is produced in 195 1. The main change is to change the production mode of the casing from stamping to machining. The advantages of mechanical milling machine box are relatively strong, but the disadvantages are relatively heavy, material consumption is high, production cost is high and production efficiency is low. To produce such a milling machine box with a weight of less than 0.65kg, it actually needs 2.65kg of steel at the beginning. The launching mechanism, butt stock and grip have been strengthened, and a single-edged bayonet has been added. This newly produced AK-47 is called "Type 2", but the output of Type 2 is very small, and it was quickly replaced by Type 3. AK-47 3 was finalized in 1953, which mainly improved the connection mode of type 2 gun stock, especially simplified the processing method of watch case, and was convenient for mass production. The official name of this model is "7.62mm light Kalashnikov assault rifle (AK)", that is, "7.62mm light Kalashnikov assault rifle", and many people call it "Model 3". It is worth noting that no matter what the purpose of changing to mechanical processing mode is, the type III milling box is lighter than the type 1 punching box. In addition, the third type of improvement also includes a magazine. The new magazine made of light metal also enhances its strength and can be interchanged with the original steel magazine. In addition, the connection mode of gun stock has been simplified and strengthened. These series of improvements make the overall weight of the assault rifle lighter than that of the 1 model, while the ballistic performance is completely consistent with that of the 1 model.

design feature

AK-47 assault rifle is reliable in action and in good service. Durable, low failure rate, reliable performance, especially in sand and muddy water; Simple structure and easy decomposition. However, the muzzle jump is serious when shooting repeatedly, which affects the accuracy; Compared with small-caliber rifles, the system has a large mass and is not easy to carry. The gun uses M43 7.62mm intermediate bullet, which is equipped with fixed wooden bracket and folding metal bracket. Global mission AK47

The barrel and shell of the gun are screwed together, the rifling part is 369 mm long, and the barrel is chrome plated. The shooting performance is very good at both high and low temperatures. The shell is machined from forgings. The magazine is made of steel or light metal and can be interchanged in all weather conditions. The firing mechanism is hammer rotary, and the firing mechanism directly controls the hammer to realize single shot and continuous shot. The launching mechanism is mainly composed of a frame, a fail-safe device, a stopper, a trigger, a reducer, a single-shot rod, a hammer, a fail-safe stopper and the like. The speed machine is located on the right side of the gun. When the reducer is set in the automatic position, the rear protrusion of the iron block is pressed by the lower protrusion of the reducer and cannot rotate, so the hammer cannot be buckled. At this point, the firing resistance iron buckles the hammer and becomes a fired state. After the trigger is pressed, the iron block releases the hammer, and the hammer rotates and fires. After that, as long as the trigger is pulled, the firing resistance and the single-shot resistance can't hold the hammer, and only the bamboo shoots that are not in place can resist the hammer groove. When the frame retracts in place and the transmission rod of the safety stopper is pressed down, the stuck bamboo shoots are separated from the clamping groove of the hammer, and the hammer rotates and emits. Repeat the above actions in the future to realize continuous shooting. When the reducer is set in the semi-automatic position, before the first bullet is fired, the iron block buckles the hammer and becomes a state to be struck. After the trigger is pressed, the hammer is released and the single-shot iron rotates forward together. If you hold the trigger, the hammer will be overwhelmed by the gun rack and held by the single iron after firing. At this time, because the frame has not been put back in its original position, the transmission rod of the safety block is raised, and there is a gap between the bamboo shoots and the hammer groove. When the frame is put back in its original position, the hammer will be buckled by the single-shot iron. If it is fired again, the trigger must be released first to release the single-shot iron from the hammer, and then the hammer will be buckled by the firing iron and ready to fire again. If the frame is not repositioned, the locking of the bolt is uncertain. At this time, it is not safe to release the bamboo shoots extending from the frame, so the bamboo shoot retaining iron cannot be separated from the hammer groove. Therefore, even if the trigger is pressed, the hammer cannot rotate forward, thus forming a misplaced safety. When the handle of the reducer is in the highest position, its lower protrusion abuts against the rear protrusion of the single-shot stopper and the right side of the rear protrusion of the trigger, so the trigger cannot be pulled, and safety is realized. If the hammer is in the position to be struck at this time, and there are bullets in the chamber, the hammer cannot be released because the trigger cannot be pulled, thus forming a rear safety. If the hammer is in the firing position at this time, because the trigger can't be pulled, the stopper can't rotate forward, and the hammer is blocked by the stopper when it falls backward, so the frame can only sit backward for a short distance, and the bullets in the magazine can't be pushed into the chamber, thus forming forward safety. The gun aiming device adopts mechanical aiming device and is equipped with night vision aiming device. Both the cylindrical sight and the U-notch photo door of the scale have reversible accessories, which contain the fluorescent substance radium 22 1. The scale is divided into 100 ~ 800 meters, one is divided into 100 meters, and the combat scale is set to 300 meters. However, when aiming with a sight, you can only twist the sight up and down to correct the height, but you can't correct the wind direction deviation, and you often mistake the sight wing for a sight when shooting at night.

anecdote

There is a saying that the AK-47 was designed by copying the German StG44 assault rifle, and the evidence is that they are similar in appearance. In fact, their basic structures and principles are very different; It's just the similarity of contour projection. The most similar place between the two is the design concept. But at that time, only StG44 was the only reference with mature technology and a lot of practical experience. AK-47 is an innovative rifle, which has both the essence of predecessors and the designer's own technical nature. а K-47 series rifles became famous in the Vietnam War in the11960s. а K-47 and its imitations from China armed Vietnamese regular troops and guerrillas on a large scale. This automatic weapon is trusted by soldiers in the jungle environment. During the Vietnam War, it was said that many American soldiers turned to the K-47 captured by Vietnamese soldiers only because of its excellent reliability, easy control and intensive firepower. /kloc-there was a saying in the 1970 s: "The United States exported Coca-Cola, Japan exported Sony, and the Soviet Union exported AK-47." According to Soviet statistics, 90% of the global а K-47 assault rifles are imitations, and only about 10% are actually produced in the Soviet Union. It used to be the favorite gun of gangsters or terrorists. In the1980s, American drug criminals often used it, and it often appeared in fictional TV series. The psychological impact on the public led the United States to ban imports in 1989 on the grounds that it possessed several so-called "offensive weapons" in appearance. In Hong Kong, in the past, the guns of the Hong Kong police were mainly used for defensive purposes, so they were only equipped with a.38 pistol. The Flying Tigers are equipped with MP5. Later, Ji and other bandits kept moving in Hong Kong. They were equipped with powerful K-47s, which once left the police at a loss. Later, Hong Kong imported 10 M4A 1 carbine from the United States, which was equipped in the Special Police Flying Tigers. Only by strengthening firepower and strengthening the support of various departments such as intelligence can we reverse the situation and bring criminals to justice.

The manufacturer declared bankruptcy.

According to the news of "Russian newspaper" and "NEWSRU" news network 2065438+April 6, 2002, the manufacturer of Russian AK-47 (Kalashnikov rifle)-"Izhevsk" machine factory declared bankruptcy, and its debt just exceeded 800,000 rubles (about RMB172,000 yuan). At present, the factory has entered the bankruptcy management procedure. According to Russian media reports, the company has suffered losses in light weapons in recent years, and its largest factory in Izhevsk has been in a state of suspension this year. Only in 20 1 1 year, its output decreased by 45.5% and the loss reached 2.4 billion rubles. Today, total debt is as high as 5.3 billion rubles. According to earlier reports, under the framework of 20 12 Russian defense procurement, the Russian Ministry of Defense has no plan to purchase weapons from the "Izhevsk". Maxim Kujuk, general manager of the "Izhevsk" factory, said that the bankruptcy procedure will save the company's assets and brands. He pointed out that under the framework of bankruptcy proceedings, all production will be suspended and the company's accounts will be cancelled, which will help simplify accounting with the contracting parties and end all existing debts-tax deduction, contract settlement and wage payment. It is reported that in 20 1 1 year, the "Izhevsk" factory and the state-owned enterprise "Russian Technology" made a reorganization plan. Under the framework of this plan, a new company "Izhevsk Technology Manufacturing Joint Company" will be established. As a subsidiary of "Russian Technology", it will undertake all contractual responsibilities and receive all staff. Izmarsh said that the first thing to blame is the lack of money in the Russian army and the reduction in orders. The Russian army announced last year that it would stop purchasing the upgraded AK-74. CAST, a Moscow defense think tank, said that new weapons will definitely replace existing weapons in the future due to the increasingly high requirements of the military for range and scale. However, the biggest challenge of AK-47 comes from counterfeit products. It is estimated that the ratio of imitation AK-47 in global circulation to original AK-47 of Izmash Company is 10: 1. Kanal, the author of "AK-47: A Weapon to Change the Face of War", said: "At present, this situation occurs because AK-47 is too easy to manufacture, with simple structure and low technology content, and anyone can manufacture it." In some villages in mountainous areas of Pakistan, except the barrel and trigger, other parts can be made in the village workshops. Take Dala village on the border of Pakistan as an example. There are only three people in a father-son family workshop. Besides doing farm work, it can produce more than AK-47s a month. This village with 2,600 families can produce 50,000 AK-47s every year.

AK-47 in computer games

(There are other names in brackets, and the added game must be bold or set with external links! Like M4A 1, AK47 is found in many computer games, such as the single-player series released some time ago: Call of Duty: Modern Warfare, Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2, Call of Duty: Black ops and Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3 (Call of Duty 8); Battlefield series: Battlefield released some time ago 2, Battlefield: Rebel Company 2, Battlefield 3; Medal of Honor series, Medal of Honor 2010; Even the Grand Theft Auto series (not before Sin City series, but after Sin City in San Andreas). There are many online games, and there are almost all types of gun battles, such as: Crossing the Line of Fire (CF), King of Battlefield (AVA), Assault Storm (SA), Global Mission (LOGO), Battlefield Online (Battlefield OL, BFOL, Battlefield OL), Antagonism (NZ) and Anti-terrorism Elite OL (CS of AK47 in Call of Duty 4 shows the AK47 style of AVA).

Power: 40-30 (the power of AK47 with muffler will be reduced to 20) Range: 1500-2000 (normal), 500- 1000 (with muffler) Injury ratio: head 1.4 neck1. Changing time: 2.5/ 3.25 Blind ejaculation degree: standing 3-7, crouching 2.5-6, crouching 2-5, wall penetration force: 60%, unlocking level: 4, suitable for suppressing the enemy at close range. Because of the large recoil, it is best to hit the accessories by gun: Grenade (GP25), red dot sight, muffler and ACOG sight. Painting: none, forest camouflage, desert camouflage, digital camouflage, blue tiger pattern, red tiger pattern, gold plating. AK47 is powerful in Global Mission, and can be upgraded by buying gold coins in stores. For example, you can wear bayonets after purchasing accessories to increase the number of magazines. Performance of AK47 in CF (Crossing Fire Line) Common model price:12000 gpak47-s.

Bullets: main magazine 30/60 spare (no extra rifle magazine) Description: Corporal and above can be purchased. Powerful, low precision, but recoil is big, difficult to control, difficult to get started. It is a very common rifle in the game. In addition, there are modified models such as AK47-A, AK47-B, AK47-S, Gold AK47 and Red Dragon AK-47 in the game, which have more reloading and better performance than the original. AK47-B: with five bullets, AK47-A: AK47 reinforced, with bayonet for correct use. The casting time is about one second, which is the farthest from the melee weapon and attacks the enemy faster (no need to cut the melee weapon). Bullet: 35/70 AK47-S: With the sight, the speed of change is accelerated. Bullets: 35/70 gold AK-47: 8 bullets were added. Bullet: 38/76 Red Dragon AK-47: The bullet changing speed is accelerated, the sight is enlarged, and a fashionable red dragon surrounds the whole gun body. It is available at the event site. Jasmine AK-47: greatly reduces recoil, but reduces power. Bullet: 35/70 Hundred Cities Alliance AK-47: Greatly reduce recoil. Bullet: 30/60 AK-47 Black Front: Add bayonet to change the shooting trajectory. Halloween AK-47: available at Halloween events.