Culture of Shang Dynasty: There were several languages in Shang Dynasty.

The written materials of Shang Dynasty mainly include Wen Tao, jade, Oracle Bone Inscriptions and inscriptions on bronze, with Oracle Bone Inscriptions in the late Shang Dynasty as the most. The characters left on various materials belong to the same system as Oracle Bone Inscriptions, so the characters of Shang Dynasty can be represented by Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Oracle Bone Inscriptions is a script in the history of Chinese characters, a divination script in the late Shang Dynasty, and a script actually used at that time. At first, some people called it Tortoise Edition, Tortoise Shell Inscription, Tortoise Shell Bone Inscription and Tortoise Shell Animal Bone Inscription. Later, some people called it Zhen Oracle Inscription, Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Yin Deficiency Syndrome Oracle Bone Inscriptions, and others called it Yin Ruins Calligraphy and Yin Deficiency Syndrome Characters.

For decades, about150,000 pieces of Oracle Bone Inscriptions were unearthed in Yin Ruins, and nearly 5,000 words were found. According to statistics, among them, those who can understand and translate Chinese characters are *** 1723, those who can't understand and translate Chinese characters are ***2549, and some are 37 1.

Judging from the structure of characters, the so-called "Six Books" in later generations, that is, pictographic characters, signifier characters, knowing characters, loanwords, pictophonetic characters and Zhuan characters, are already available in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, but there are still four kinds of pictographic characters, knowing characters, pictophonetic characters and loanwords.