What was the main content of Li Kui's political reform during the Warring States Period? What's the effect?

2. Flat method

3. Formulating legal classics

Results: Li Kui's National Law was the first written code to maintain the ruling order of feudal countries and protect the interests of feudal landlords. Later, Shang Yang's political reform in Qin State and the laws of Han Dynasty were greatly influenced by it and ruled by feudal codes of past dynasties.

10, Li Kui presided over the state affairs in Wei Wenhou, and he wrote 32 books. His reform measures should be more than the above three, but the specific account books cannot be known. His reform in Wei was comprehensive. Wei became the most powerful country in the early Warring States period, which was related to the support he received. The political reform can't be carried out without ............................................................................................................................................................... 1. Try your best to teach.

Li Kui proposed to Wei Wenhou measures to develop agricultural production in order to consolidate the political power of the landlord class. He pointed out that there are 90,000 hectares of land within a 100 square mile, including 60,000 hectares of cultivated land in addition to one third of the villages in Linshanchuanze. Farmers who "diligently" manage their fields can receive 3 more millet per mu, and if they don't, they will lose 3 millet per mu. The increase and decrease are all 18O mangoku ②. To this end, he put forward three specific measures of "managing farmland diligently":

First, "five kinds must be mixed to prepare for disaster" ③. In other words, five crops, millet, millet (yellow rice), wheat, soybean and hemp, should be planted at the same time to prevent a crop from failing due to natural disasters such as drought and flood. It can also interplant and interplant a variety of crops to make full use of soil fertility.

The second is diligent farming. He asked farmers to "land to the tiller, like thieves" (1), plow deeply, weed frequently and harvest in time.

Third, mulberry trees, fruits and vegetables are planted next to the house to make up for the shortage. Li Kui asked farmers to "return (surround) mulberry trees and plant fruits on the battlefield." ② Make full use of academic schools to expand sideline income.

(1) Did everything wrong? On the internal memory.

(2) hanshu volume 24 "shihuozhi".

(3) "Taiping Magnolia" Volume 821 cited "Historical Records General Code"? Food II.

(1) "Taiping Yu Lan" Volume 821 cited "Historical Records", "Tongdian? Food II.

The three measures of "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" put forward by Li Kui are suitable for the specific situation of Wei. The territory of Wei is densely populated, with less land and more people. Only by increasing the output per unit area and making full use of Kugaji can the income be increased. The political power in feudal society was based on peasants. Only when farmers get rich can the state power be consolidated and the state tax revenue be guaranteed.

2. Flat method

This is a measure to stabilize food prices in Li Kui, aiming at protecting urban residents and rural farmers from losses. He believes that low food prices will hurt farmers, and too high food prices will hurt people (urban residents). Because it was too expensive and too cheap, it was not conducive to rule, so he implemented the "flat law." Its practice is: good years are divided into three grades, and bad years are divided into three grades. There is a bumper harvest every year, and the state buys surplus grain. In the poor harvest year, according to the degree of poor harvest, the state sells the purchased grain parity. The first harvest year sells the grain purchased in the first harvest year, the second harvest year sells the grain purchased in the second harvest year, and the second harvest year sells the grain purchased in the second harvest year. In this way, "despite the drought, the people who are not expensive will not leave." Only when the people do not disperse can the political power be consolidated, which is the purpose of "pingfa".

Li Kui's "Pinluo Method" has achieved good results. "If you go to Wei, the country will be rich and the people will be strong." ③

3. Formulating legal classics

Li Kui "wrote the laws of various countries" and compiled a "legal classic" in "Law". This is the first systematic feudal landlord class code in China.

The Classic of Law is divided into six chapters, namely, theft law, thief law, net (prison) law, arrest law, miscellaneous law and armed law. Li Kui's Canon is headed by the Law of Stealing and the Law of Thieves, because he thinks that "the king should not be anxious about thieves, so his law begins with the law of thieves and thieves." "Stealing" refers to stealing money, and "thief" refers to personal infringement, including crime and insurrection. Of course, the landlord class is most afraid of being stolen. Infringement on the person, or even rebellion, is a disturbance to social order. This is all guarded by the ruling class. As can be seen from these two laws, Li Kui's Classic of Law is based on safeguarding the interests of the landlord class and consolidating the feudal ruling order.

The net law, that is, the prison law, is designed to catch thieves in prisons, that is, "thieves have to be caught, so there are nets and two." According to the comments on the laws of the Tang Dynasty, the prison law refers to "breaking the prison", that is, the law of judging cases, and the law of catching is about "catching death", that is, chasing after death.

"Miscellaneous Law" is based on the Book of Jin? The Criminal Law records the punishments for seven kinds of illegal acts, such as "petty cunning, crossing the city, playing games, borrowing leave, dishonesty, extravagance and exceeding the system". "Lightness and cunning" refers to the punishment for frivolous and cunning behavior, and "crossing the city" refers to entering and leaving the city through the city wall without entering from the city gate. Did everything wrong? The foreign reserve said that the carriage was an imperial edict, and his sister went to see him until the gate was closed in the evening of Imperial Day. "Because the carriage crossed the country and entered, the carriage was different." Sister Liang Che "crossed Guo" and entered the city wall. Her brother was sentenced for violating the ban. "Bo Xi" means gathering people to gamble. False or false, refers to boars. "Borrowing leave" means that a man stays at a woman's house, or that "his wife has a husband". "Cheap" means greedy for money and taking bribes. "Luxury" refers to extravagance and waste. "Over-limit" means that the user exceeds the prescribed feudal level. These regulations were made to maintain the feudal order.

The instrument law is "based on its instrument", that is, according to the circumstances and age of the crime, the provisions on aggravating or mitigating conviction and sentencing.

(2) the "peaceful magnolia" volume 821 cited shiji tongdian? Food two? Water conservancy field.

Li Kui's National Law is the first written code to maintain the ruling order of feudal countries and protect the interests of feudal landlords. Later, Shang Yang's political reform in Qin State and the laws of Han Dynasty were greatly influenced by it and ruled by feudal codes of past dynasties.

When Li Kui was in Wei Wenhou, he presided over the national policy for 10 years. A total of 32 books, his reform measures are more than three. It is impossible to know the details of his book. His reform in Wei was comprehensive, and Wei became the most powerful country in the early Warring States period, which was inseparable from his political reform with the support of Wei Wenhou.