Why do peacocks fly southeast?

Anyone who has studied classical Chinese knows that the meanings of many locative words in poetry are illusory, and it is impossible to read the meaning of the text, just like "swords and guns are put in storage, and Nanshan is released." You can't release your horse until you get to Beishan.

Original text:

At the end of the Han Dynasty, Jian 'an, Liu, the wife of the beadle in Lujiang House, was sent by Zhong Qing's mother and vowed not to marry. His family forced him to drown. When Zhong Qing heard about it, he hanged himself in the courtyard tree. When people hurt them, it is a poem.

Peacocks fly southeast and wander for five miles. "At the age of thirteen, I can weave, and at the age of fourteen, I can learn to tailor. Fifteen plays and sixteen poems. Seventeen years old is the wife of a gentleman, and her heart is often bitter and sad. Since you are a government official, you are loyal to your chastity. My concubine has a spare room, and we often meet less and less. Chickens crow into the weave and can't rest every night. It's too late to tame five horses in three days, my Lord. If you still have time to knit, it will be hard for your wife! I can't bear to be driven away, but there's nothing I can do. You can send it back for nothing. "

When the officials heard this, they said to their grandmother in class, "My son lost his property, but I am glad to have this woman back. Tie a knot with a pillow mat and make friends with you. * * * That was two or three years ago, and it didn't take long. There is no deviation in female lines, why not thick? " The grandmother said to the official, "He Nai is too small! This woman is rude and makes her own decisions. I have been angry for a long time, so you can't be free! The master has a virtuous woman, her name is Qin Luofu. Poor man, my mother prayed for you. Send it here quickly, and be careful not to stay! "

The prefect knelt down and told him, "Fu Weiqi, grandmother. If you give this woman today, you'll never get it again! " Hearing this, the grandmother was furious with the mallet bed: "This boy is fearless and dares to help women! I have lost my gratitude and will not agree! "

The officials were silent, then bowed and went home. Speaking of a bride, I choked up: "I didn't drive your mother away, but I forced my grandmother." Qing has temporarily returned to China, and I will report to the government today. When it is returned soon, it will be welcomed. Remember this and be careful not to go against my words. "

The bride telephoned a government official: "Don't repeat our differences. In the past, when Chu Yang was old, Xie Jia came to your door. Do you dare to teach yourself specially after serving the public? I work hard day and night, and I am lonely and bitter. It is said that it is innocent and has great support; It's even more urgent, so why talk about it! I have an embroidered waist, which makes me radiant. Red Luo Fu fights the account, and the four corners hang sachets; Box curtains are sixty or seventy, with blue ropes. Things are different, and all kinds are inside. People are despicable and not enough to welcome future generations. They were left behind for no reason. Always for comfort, never forget for a long time! "

The cock crows outside, and the bride's makeup is neat. Embroider my skirt, everything is four or five. My feet are on tiptoe and my head is shining. If the waist is flowing, you will smell the bright moon. Refers to the root of onion, with dani in its mouth. Chinese odyssey with thin steps. Worship my mother in class. She is angry. "When I was a daughter, I was born in the wild. There is no lesson in this. I am ashamed of your family. I am driven by my mother's money. I miss my mother at home today and work at home. " But I said goodbye to my sister-in-law, and tears fell on my beads. "

When the bride first arrived, her sister-in-law began to help the bed; I was fired today, and my sister-in-law is as long as me. I support my husband diligently, so that I can help myself. On the seventh and ninth day, don't forget each other when playing. "Go out and get on the bus, tears fall a hundred lines. The official horse is in front, and the bride's car is behind. He Dian Dian is faint, at the intersection of Juhui Avenue. He got off and got on the bus. He lowered his head and whispered, "I swear I won't part. I'll go home for the time being." I'm going to the mansion now and I'll return it soon. Swear that the sky will not be negative! "

The bride called the official: "I feel sorry for you!" " If you see the record, I hope you will come soon. You are a rock, and my concubine is a reed. Puwei line is like silk, but the rock does not move. I have my own father and brother, and my sexual behavior is violent. I'm afraid I can't do what I want to do, but I'll blow up my arm. "Easy, two of a kind. Getting started and going home, there is no face in advancing and retreating. Grandma clapped her hands and went home without any plans: "Thirteen will teach you to knit a sweater, fourteen will cut clothes, fifteen will play the piano, sixteen will know etiquette, and seventeen will send you to get married, which shows that you are faithful. What crime did you commit today, coming home without saying hello? "

Lan Zhi was ashamed of his mother: "I am really innocent." Mother collapsed. After returning to China for more than ten days, the county magistrate sent the media. Yunyousaburo, chinese odyssey. At the beginning of 189, he made many words to make talents. Mother said to A Nv, "You can answer." A Nv replied tearfully, "When Lanzhi first came, officials met Ding Ning and vowed to leave. Today, this is an invasion of love, and I'm afraid it's not surprising. I can break the letter, which is more important. " Mother white matchmaker: "I am poor. With this daughter, I can only go back to my hometown." Can you be a husband if you can't bear to be a woman? Fortunately, I can ask a wide range of questions, but I can't agree. "

The matchmaker went for a few days and asked Cheng to return it, saying that there was an orchid daughter and a eunuch. The cloud has the fifth lang, and Jiao Yi is unmarried. The delivery is a matchmaker, and the main book is fluent in language. Let's just say, the prefect has this order, and he wants to set the righteousness, so he is sent to your door. Grandma thanked the matchmaker: "Women swear first, how dare grandma speak!" " "Brother got wind, but he was very upset. She said to Mei, "Why don't you plan? "! Marry a government official first, then a husband. Is Thailand as glorious as heaven and earth? Don't marry Yi Langti, want He Yun? "

Lan Zhi looked up and replied, "Truth is as good as my brother's words. Xie Jiafujun, return the door. Dispose of it according to your brother's wishes, then you have to do it yourself! Although it is important to government officials, the canal will never be missed. If you make a promise, you can get married. " The matchmaker got out of bed. Nuo Nuo Fur. Back to Bai Fujun: "The official is on a mission, and his words are very life-threatening."

Fu Jun was very happy to hear that. Reopen the book according to the calendar, which is convenient for Liuhe to correspond this month. Ji Liang has been 30 days, and now he is 27 years old, so you can get married. Pay attention to the speed of speech, such as floating clouds. Green finch, white stork boat, four-cornered dragon. Graceful with the wind, golden car jade as the wheel. A wandering green horse with tassels and a golden saddle. The money is 3 million, all of which are covered with moss. 300 variegated horses, and the salmon in Jiaoguangcheng is precious. Although there are four or five hundred people, they are under the county seat.

Grandma said to A Nv, "I have received a letter from the government. I will come to see you tomorrow. Why not make clothes? Don't do anything! " A Nv was silent, covered her mouth with a towel and cried, tears falling down like diarrhea. Move my glass sofa and put it under the front window. Hold a knife ruler in your left hand and a silk in your right. Embroidered skirt in the morning, light clothes at night. I want to die, I want to go out and cry. When the officials heard about this change, they temporarily went back on vacation. In less than two or three miles, kurama's worries were eliminated. The bride knew the sound of horses, and she tiptoed to meet them. Looking at each other from afar, I know that I am an old friend.

I raised my hand and patted the saddle, sighed, and my heart ached: "Since you left me, there has been no one. The fruit is not as good as the first wish, not for you. I have my own parents, and I am forced to be my brother. I should respond to others, what can you expect! " The official said to the bride, "He Qing will move high! The rock is thick and can die for a thousand years; Puwei sewed for a while, and then it was overnight. Green wins the sky, I go to the grave alone! " The bride said to the official, "What do you mean? Also persecuted, so is your concubine. Meeting in the grave does not violate today's words! " Hold hands, go their separate ways and go home.

Do you hate living and dying? Farewell to this world, never complete! When the officials got home, they all went to the class to worship their grandmother: "It's very cold today, with the cold wind destroying trees and severe frost. Today, the child is invisible, and the mother is behind. If you can't install it well, don't blame ghosts and gods Life is like Nanshan stone, and the four bodies are healthy and straight! " Grandma heard this, tears fell down: "you are a big family, you are an official in the cabinet." Be careful not to die for a woman, how thin your feelings are! The master has a virtuous daughter, elegant and elegant. My mother is looking for you, and she will be in danger. "

The officials bowed again, sighed in the empty room and made a plan. Turning to the room, I gradually realized that I was worried about speculation. On this day, cows and horses hissed and the bride walked into Lu Qing. Lonely people will settle down after the dying dusk. I am doomed to die today, and my soul will go to the body and stay forever! Take off your silk shoes and lift yourself to the pool. When officials heard about it, they knew they would be separated. Wandering under the courtyard tree, hanging from the southeast branch.

The two families asked to be buried together, next to Huashan Mountain. Pine and cypress are planted in the east and west, and phoenix trees are planted in the left and right. Branches cover each other and leaves communicate with each other. There are two birds in the forest, calling themselves Yuanyang. Raise your head and sing to each other, reaching the fifth watch every night. Pedestrians stop to listen, widows hesitate. Thank you, future generations, and don't forget to be careful.

Explanation:

During the Jian 'an period at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu, the wife of a small official in Lujiang Prefecture, was driven back to her family by Zhong Qing's mother and vowed not to remarry. But her parents kept forcing her to remarry, so she had to drown herself. After hearing the news of his wife's death, Jiao Zhongqing also hanged himself from a tree in his yard. People at that time mourned them and wrote such a poem.

Peacock bird flew to the southeast, flew five miles, and lingered for a while.

"(I) can weave exquisite white silk from the age of thirteen to sixteen, learn to cut clothes, play the piano and read poetry books. Being your wife at the age of seventeen often makes me feel painful and sad. Since you are a small official in the prefect's office, you should abide by the rules of the office and concentrate on your work. I stayed alone in an empty room, and the day when we met was really hard.

As soon as the rooster crows, I weave silk on the computer and have no rest every night. I have knitted five silks in three days, but my mother-in-law still thinks I am slow in knitting. Not because I knit slowly, but because your daughter-in-law is difficult to do! Since I can't handle it, it's no use keeping it for nothing. You can tell your mother-in-law to send me back to my mother's house now, or it will be too late. "

After hearing this story, Jiao Zhongqing told his mother in class: "I have lost the image of being a high official and generous. Fortunately, I can still marry this (virtuous and capable) wife. After marriage, I will fall in love with her and stay underground as partners after death. Less than two or three years together, (life) has just begun. Time is not long. There is nothing wrong with this woman's behavior. Where did she expect to be dissatisfied with her mother? "

Jiao Mu said to Zhong Qing, "(You) are really ignorant! This woman doesn't pay attention to manners and acts according to her own wishes. I've been holding it for a long time. How can you act independently? There is a virtuous woman in the neighbor's house, whose name is Rove. She is so lovely that her mother will propose for you. Get rid of Liu Lanzhi and send her away. Never keep (Lan Zhi). "

Jiao Zhongqing knelt down and told her: "My child respectfully told her mother that if I divorce this woman now, I will never marry another wife in my life!"

After listening to her son's words, Jiao Mu knocked on the seat (with her fist) and lost her temper (cursing): "What are you afraid of, how dare you speak for your daughter-in-law! I am not good to her, and of course I can't promise you. "

Jiao Zhongqing was silent, made two obeisances to his mother, went back to his room, opened his mouth to talk to his wife, but cried so hard that he couldn't even say a word: "I didn't want to drive you away, but my mother forced me. You have to go back to your parents' house for the time being. I'm going back to the Taishoufu for the time being, and I'll be back soon. You are welcome to my home when you come back. For this, you will be wronged. Don't go against what I said. "

Liu Lanzhi said to Jiao Zhongqing, "Don't waste your breath! I remember that at the end of that winter, when I left my mother's house to marry you, I always obeyed my mother-in-law's will when I was serving. How dare I make my own decision? Hard work day and night, lonely torture, always thought there was no fault, and served my mother-in-law all my life.

After all, I was driven away. How can I get back to your house? I have an embroidered waist-length coat embroidered with beautiful glitter, a double bucket made of red yarn, sachets hanging at four corners, and sixty or seventy boxes of clothes, all tied with bright green silk ropes. Everything is different. All kinds of utensils are in that box.

I'm cheap and worthless, and I don't deserve to take it to see your future remarried wife. Take it as my souvenir, I will never see you again. Always comfort these things and (I hope) never forget me. "

The rooster crowed and it was already dawn outside. Liu Lanzhi got up and dressed. Put on an embroidered skirt and change it several times every time. Wearing silk shoes at the foot, wearing shiny tortoise shell jewelry on the head, wearing white silk around the waist, shining like water waves, wearing earrings made of bright moon beads on the ears, slender fingers as white as sharpened onion roots, and rosy lips as red cinnabar. It is really the second in the world.

Liu Lanzhi went to see her mother-in-law in the hall, but her mother-in-law's anger still lingered. (Lan Zhi said:) "When I was a daughter, I grew up in the country after I was born. I have never received a good education, and I am even more ashamed to marry your young master. I accept a lot of money and gifts from my mother-in-law, but I can't stand her orders. I went back to my mother's house today, just thinking of my mother-in-law's hard work at home. " Turning to say goodbye to her sister-in-law, tears fell like strings of beads.

(Liu Lanzhi says to her sister-in-law:) "When I first arrived at your house, you just learned to walk with your seat. Today, I was kicked out. You are as tall as me. I hope you will try your best to support your mother and serve her old people well. Don't forget me when you play. " (Lan Zhi finished) Going out, getting on the bus and leaving, tears kept falling.

Jiao Zhongqing's horse walked ahead, followed by Liu Lanzhi's garage, and the car made a faint sound. They met at the crossroads. Jiao Zhongqing got off the horse and got into Liu Lanzhi's car. They bowed their heads and whispered to each other. (Jiao Zhongqing said): "I swear I won't break up with you. You should go back to your mother's house for a while. I'm going to Lujiang Taishoufu (on business) for the time being, and I'm sure I'll be back soon. I swear to God, I will never be sorry for you. "

Liu Lanzhi said to Jiao Zhongqing, "Thank you for your loyal and loving wish! Since you remember me like this, I hope you can pick me up early. You must be a rock, and I must be cattail and reed. Pucao and reed are soft and strong as silk, and rocks are not easily moved. I have a grumpy brother. I am afraid that he will not listen to my wishes, and I am worried about violating my use. " Then raise your hand to say goodbye, disappointed, and the feelings of the two people are the same.

Lan Zhi walked into the room and came to the hall, feeling humiliated back and forth. Mother Liu was very surprised (when she saw her coming back). She clapped her hands and said, "I didn't expect you to come back by yourself! I taught you to spin at the age of thirteen, cut clothes at the age of fourteen, play the piano at the age of fifteen, be polite at the age of sixteen, and send you to get married at the age of seventeen. I always thought I wouldn't make any mistakes.

What is the matter with you now? You came back without being called! "Lan Zhi said to his mother in shame," my daughter is really not wrong. Mother was very sad after hearing this. (Lan Zhi) Just returned to China for more than ten days, the county magistrate sent a matchmaker to the door. (Matchmaker) It is said that the county magistrate's family has a third son, chinese odyssey, who is beautiful and elegant, and is only eighteen or nineteen years old. He has a glib tongue and is very capable.

Mother Liu said to her daughter, "You can promise him."

The daughter replied tearfully, "When Lan Zhi came back, Jiao Zhongqing repeatedly told me to swear never to part. Today is against friendship. I'm afraid this is not appropriate. Then you can refuse the matchmaker and talk about it later. "

Mother Liu told the matchmaker: "(We) are poor and humble. We took this daughter and were sent back to our parents' house soon after we got married. If (she) can't be the wife of a government official, how can she be worthy of the son of grandpa? I hope you can ask around (and then visit other women), but I can't just promise you. A few days after the county magistrate's matchmaker left, the prefect sent an army to propose marriage.

It is said that the Taishou family has a fifth son, who is beautiful and elegant, and is not married. Please become a matchmaker. This is what the main book conveys. Directly said to Liu's mother, "We are too strong to have such a good son. Since you want to marry your family, send me to your family as a matchmaker.

Mother Liu declined the matchmaker and said, "My daughter swore an oath before. How dare I say (to her) about remarriage? "

When Lan Zhi's brother heard that the Taishou's proposal was rejected, he was very depressed and said to his sister, "Why don't you think about it? Last time I got married, I was a small official, and this time I got a precious son. Luck is a world of difference. (Good luck) is enough to make your life glorious and rich. What are you going to do in the future if you don't marry such a kind son? "

Lan Zhi looked up and replied, "The fact is really like what my brother said. I left home to wait on my husband and went back to my brother's house halfway. How to deal with it? It's completely according to my brother's idea. How dare you make your own decisions? Although I swore to the official, I never got a chance to see him. Promise this marriage right away and you can get married. "

The satrap's matchmaker stood up from his seat and repeatedly said, "Yes, yes, that's it, that's it." He returned to the county government and reported to the magistrate: "I accepted the task you gave me and went to Liu's house to be a matchmaker." The son is very predestined and the matchmaker is very successful. "

Hearing these words, the satrap was very happy. He checked the wedding calendar (immediately), looked through the marriage book and told Cheng Jun: "It is very lucky to set the wedding date within this month. Every day of the month is suitable. The good day is the 30th, and today is the 27th. Go to the Liu family and set the date. "

Everyone in the Taishou House said to each other, "Hurry up and prepare for the wedding!" People who are eager to get married come and go like floating clouds in the sky. The wedding boat is painted with patterns of bluebirds and white swans, and flags embroidered with dragons are hung at the four corners, floating gently in the wind.

A golden cart with white jade wheels, a green horse walking slowly, and a saddle with colorful tassels and gold ornaments carved on it. Gift 3 million, all wearing blue silk thread, 300 pieces of silks and satins of various colors, delicacies purchased from Guangzhou and Jiaozhou. Followed by four or five hundred people, happily came to Lujiang county government.

The mother said to her daughter, "I have just received a letter from the prefect and will meet you tomorrow." Why not make clothes? " Don't let the marriage fail! "

Lan Zhi was silent, covered her mouth with a towel and cried, tears streaming down like water. Move the sitting glass sofa out and put it under the front window. With scissors and ruler in his left hand and silk in his right hand (making clothes by hand). I made an embroidered skirt in the morning and a sweater in the evening. The gloomy sky gradually darkened. Lan Zhi was full of thoughts and went out to cry bitterly.

Jiao Zhongqing heard about this change, so he came back temporarily on leave. He went to Lan Zhi's home, two or three miles away. People are sad and horses neigh. Lan Zhi, familiar with the pounding of horses' hooves of officials, ran briskly to meet him, looking sad and disappointed, knowing that someone was coming. She raised her hand and stroked the saddle, and her heart was broken with a sigh.

Said: "since you left me, the personnel changes are really unexpected!" " Sure enough, it's not as good as I thought before, and there are still many things you don't understand. I had my own mother who persecuted my own brother, but I was betrothed to someone else. What are your chances of coming back? "

Jiao Zhongqing said to Lan Zhi, "Congratulations on your promotion! My rock is square and firm, which can be stored for thousands of years, while Puwei is flexible for a while and can only be stored in the morning and evening. You will get richer and richer day by day. Let me go to hell alone! "

Lan Zhi said to Jiao Zhongqing, "I didn't expect you to say such a thing! We are all persecuted, so are you and me. Let's meet underground! (Hope) Don't break today's oath! " (They) shook hands with each other tightly, then said goodbye and went home. The living bid farewell to the dying, where can the resentment in their hearts be exhausted? Thinking that (they) will leave this world forever, they can't save (lives) anyway!

When Jiao Zhongqing came home, he went to the hall to meet his mother and said, "It's windy and cold today. The cold wind destroyed trees and the orchids in the yard were covered with thick frost. My son is like a sunset now, which makes my mother lonely in the future. I made such a bad plan on purpose. Stop hating ghosts and gods! May you live longer than Nanshan Stone, and may your body be healthy and comfortable forever! "

Jiao Mu heard these words, and her tears flowed down with her voice. She said, "You are the son of a famous family, and you are an official in Beijing. Don't try to die for a woman. Dignity is different (from yours). Where can I be fickle? " There is a wise woman in the East, whose beauty is famous both inside and outside the city. I propose for you, and sooner or later there will be an answer. "

Jiao Zhongqing bowed to his mother twice and then went back to his room. He sighed in his empty room, and his plan to commit suicide was decided. He turned his head to Lan Zhi's inner room, more and more tortured by sadness.

(Lan Zhi) On the wedding day, when the horses and cattle were barking, Liu Lanzhi walked into the green tent of the wedding. After the dark dusk, people began to have a quiet rest. (Lan Zhi said to himself): "Today my life is over and my soul is leaving. Let this body stay on the earth for a long time! " ! Roll up your skirt, take off your silk shoes and jump into the clear pool.

When Jiao Zhongqing heard that Liu Lanzhi committed suicide by drowning, he knew in his heart that he had left Liu Lanzhi forever. He lingered under a tree in the yard for a while, and then hanged himself on a branch in the southeast. Jiao and Liu asked to be buried together, so they were buried together next to Huashan Mountain. Plant conifers and cypresses on the east and west sides, and plant phoenix trees on the left and right sides. Branches cover each other and leaves connect with each other.

There are a pair of birds in the tree. Their names are Yuanyang. They looked up at each other and called to each other until the fifth watch every night. Pedestrians stopped to listen, and the widow heard. She got out of bed and was very upset. Advise future generations to learn from this and never forget it!

Extended data:

Peacock Flying Southeast is based on a marriage tragedy that happened in Lujiang County (now in Huaining and Qianshan, Anhui Province) during the reign of Emperor Xian of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The original title was "Ancient Poems for Jiao Zhongqing's Wife", and it was named because the first sentence of the poem was "Peacock flies southeast and wanders in five miles". The whole poem has more than 350 sentences, 1700 words. It mainly tells the story of being forced to separate and both committed suicide, accusing the ruthlessness of feudal ethics and praising Jiao and Liu's sincere feelings and rebellious spirit.

Peacock Flying Southeast is a sad song based on facts and shaped by chanting. Among them, the death of the protagonist and, on the surface, is the result of the persecution of the fierce and snobbish Mr. Liu. In fact, Jiao Mu and Liu Xiong were also victims of feudal ethics. Because of Jiao Mu and Mr. Liu's original intention, they didn't want to kill their sons and sisters.

This can be seen from the regret that "the two families seek to be buried together" after the death of Liu and Jiao. -Although this is their belated recognition and blessing for Liu Lanzhi, it is also their undying love for Jiao Zhongqing. Although their subjective starting point is self-interest, they also have the desire to unify the lifelong happiness of their loved ones with their own interests.

Mr. Jiao Mu tried to find a balanced green space between himself and the interests of Jiao Zhongqing and Liu Lanzhi. However, they did not succeed. Here, the problem is profound: after all, Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing were killed directly by their hands. Jiao Mu and Mr. Liu also became accomplices of feudal ethics. This kind of social force, which is independent of individual will, is an inevitable reflection of the evil nature of the feudal system at that time.

References:

Peacock flies southeast _ Baidu Encyclopedia