How did the ancient people in China master the development process of agricultural time through astrology?

According to Records of the Five Emperors in Historical Records. The Yellow Emperor era has begun to "calendar the sun, the moon and the stars". At that time, astronomical activities were very common, and its charm continued until the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties. Later generations have the saying that "astronomy has been known for more than three generations".

In the long-term observation, it is found that the different orientations of some stars in the sky are consistent with the seasonal changes of climate. For example, in the pre-Qin Taoist and military works Guanzi, the Beidou constellation said this:

Bucket handle to the east, the world is spring;

South of bucket handle, summer in the world;

Bucket handle goes west, and it is autumn all over the world.

North of the barrel handle, it is winter all over the world.

It's like a natural clock.

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