What does classical Chinese mean?

1. What does classical Chinese mean? 1. Definition: Classical Chinese is a written language based on ancient Chinese.

Classical Chinese is an article composed of written language in ancient China, mainly including written language based on spoken language in pre-Qin period. Classical Chinese comes from vernacular Chinese, characterized by writing based on words, paying attention to the use of allusions, parallel prose, and neat melody, including strategies, poems, words, songs, stereotyped writing, parallel prose and other styles.

2. Features: The characteristics of classical Chinese are: separation of speech and writing, concise writing. Compared with vernacular Chinese (including spoken and written language), the characteristics of classical Chinese are mainly manifested in grammar and vocabulary.

3. Structure: (1) The so-called judgment sentence is a sentence that uses nouns, pronouns or noun phrases as predicates to judge the subject. Its common form is as follows: 1). "... Zhe, ... is also" ",... is also" ",... Zhe also" "... Zhe, ..." "... Zhe also" and so on.

For example, "Chen She people are also from Yangcheng." (historical records. Chen She family)-Bobby Chen is from Yangcheng.

(2) "Although Cao Cao is a famous Han Xiang, he is actually a Han thief." (Zi Jian) ③ Yi, an ancient sharpshooter.

("Guanzi Situation Solution" back to 64) 4 "Four people, Lu Zhi, father of Changle Wang, father of Yu, father of An Shangchun." (Wang Anshi's trip) (5) If you are shocked, Zhou didn't make a move.

2) Adverbs "Nai", "Namely", "Ze", "Du", "Shi", "Cheng" and "Wei" are used to express judgment. This is the autumn when I was in service.

"(1) I don't know the palace in the sky, what year is this evening. (2) is now in the tomb.

(3) Fu Liang that chu will Xiang Yan. (4) This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower.

3) Use the negative adverb "Fei" to express negation. Such as: "Six countries collapse, not bad soldiers, bad wars, bad Qin.

"(1) Climb high and recruit, and you can see far without lengthening your arms. (2) The city is not high, the pool is not deep, the soldiers are not strong, and there are not many meters.

(3) The North Sea is not too mountainous. Passive sentences In classical Chinese, the subject of some sentences is the receiver of action, which is a passive sentence.

Its common types are: 1). See ... see ... in the passive voice. For example, "I often laugh at a generous family.

"(1) I'm afraid to see deceives you. (2) Qin Cheng was afraid that he could not get it, but saw his bullying.

(3) so confused in Zheng Xiu, deceives in yi cheung. (4) Li, seventeen years old, is good at classical Chinese and knows all six arts. He has unlimited time to learn from Yu Yu.

2) For, for, for, for, for, for, for, for, for, for, for, for, for, for, for, for, for, for Yu ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... For ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for ... for

"(1) to die, laugh for the world. (2) For the country, no ambassador will be taken away by Wikipedia.

(3) Serve the Group in terms of income. (4) first fear for fuck.

Inverted sentences in ancient Chinese are relative to the sentence order in modern Chinese. Based on this, we divide inversion sentences in classical Chinese into prepositional object, attributive postposition, adverbial postposition and verb inversion. 1). Preposition object The so-called prepositional object is the component that is usually used as an object and placed in front of the predicate verb to express emphasis.

For example, the word "zhi" in "disagree" is the prepositional object. Preposition objects are usually divided into four situations.

(1) In interrogative sentences, interrogative pronouns are objects and prepositional objects. What is the king doing here? Wes, who are we going home with? (2) In negative sentences, pronouns are objects and prepositions are objects.

For example, "ancient people are not arrogant." (3) Advance the object with the help of "Zhi" and "Shi".

For example, "I don't know the sentence, but I'm confused." "Studying hard is urgent and rare.

(4) Preposition objects in prepositional phrases. For example, "Why else would the book be here?" 2) Attributive postposition usually puts the attribute before the head word, but there are many sentences in classical Chinese that put the attribute after the head word.

For example, "Earthworms have no advantages as minions, but their bones and muscles are strong. They eat soil and drink yellow water, but also with their hearts. " Among them, "benefit" and "strength" are post-attributes.

The attributive postposition in classical Chinese has the following situations. (1) Postposition the attribute with "zhi".

For example, "How many people are there in a big world?" (2) Use the postposition of "zhe". For example, "a horse can travel thousands of miles and eat one stone at a time."

"3. Adverbials are postpositioned in ancient Chinese. Preposition structures are adverbials and are often placed after sentences as complements. For example, "to be rich" is a prepositional phrase that is placed at the end of a sentence as a complement.

4). verb inversion is rare and is often used to express strong exclamation. I'm very sorry, but you are not well.

""come on, wind. " "Beautiful, I am a youth in China.

"[Exercise] Judge the sentence patterns in the following sentences. (1) It is impossible to protect the people and be king.

(2) There is no difference in love between the king and the people. (3) What is virtue, then you can be king? (4) How do you know I can do it? Elliptic sentences in classical Chinese generally contain ellipsis. Grasping the ellipsis helps to fully understand the meaning of the sentence.

The provincial sentence in classical Chinese is usually: 1). Omit the subject. (1) Carry forward the former provinces.

For example, "there are different snakes in Yongzhou wild, black and white." (2) carry forward the province.

For example, "Pei Gong said to me,' Gong' I'm going to join the army and enter the army. ""(3) self-reported provinces.

For example, "(giving) love is a stream. When it enters two or three miles, (giving) is the home of those who are particularly unique." (4) Dialogue province.

Such as: "(Mencius) said:' Dule (yuè) Music (lè), Tongle (yuè) Music (lè), which music (lè)? "(The king) said,' If you are not with others. "2). Omit the predicate.

For example, "One drum is full of energy, then (drum) will decline and three drums will be exhausted." 3). Omit the object.

For example, "You can burn it and leave." 4). Omit the prepositional object.

For example, "read it in public, let the mink out and cover the door." 5). Omit the preposition "Yu".

Today, the clock was put in the water, although no sound was heard in the storm. [Exercise] Fill in the omitted components in the following sentences.

(1) ran's taste in also, so the surname is creek for Ran Xi. (2) Therefore, Ximen Bao is a famous imperial edict.

(3) It's two strategies, not passive music. (4) all the mountains are flat and covered.

Fixed structure (1) and questionable fixed structure are: helpless, how, how, how, what, what, if ... what, such as (nai) ... what, which is it, is it ... which one is it? Take my treasure instead of our city What can we do? (Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru) My son brought his elk to our city to relax. What? (Battle of the Wars) How about 3 being different from each other? ("Zuo zhuan Qi Huangong Chu") (4) What about pot calling the kettle black? (。

2. What do you mean by meeting in classical Chinese?

Verb meaning:

1, recognize the word. The same is true of China's ancient literature. Pressing the button also means a lot. Original meaning: meet.

Yes, yes. -"Shuo Wen"

Yes, get together. -"Guang Ya Shi San"

There will be crimson. -"Poetry Xiaoya Car Attack"

I'll stop talking. -"Poetry in Tang Feng's Travel"

It will be clear. -"Poetry, Elegance and Daming"

Can count its coins. -"Rituals and Bridal Gifts"

To meet the hiding of heaven and earth. -"Book of Rites, Moon Order and Qiu Ji"

Then the world will be one. -Liu Zongyuan's feudalism

Touching guests, poets, will be here. -Fan Zhongyan's "Yueyang Tower"

2. goodbye; See you later.

See you later. -"Zhou Li Taizong Bo"

Meet in a strange place. -"Book of Rites Quli"

What meeting will be held, and the speech will be made. -"Biography of the Ram, Ten Years of Huan Gong"

Leave it to the inheritance and it will expire today. -"Yutai Xinyi, ancient poetry is Jiao Zhongqing's wife"

Meet the prince. -"Historical Records Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru"

3. Make it consistent; Meet.

The rhyme is clear and clear, revealing a strong femininity. -Wu Liangjun's "Continued Harmony"

4. Pay (especially in restaurants and teahouses). Like money, money.

5. understanding; Got it.

6. should; Should be required. If necessary: if necessary; should be Huiying: Yes.

Noun meaning:

1, the lid of the vessel.

Book of Rites: The lid of the vessel is called Hui, which is a combination of upper and lower parts. -"Shuo Wen Hui Zhu Duan"

Dunqi Conference. -"Rites and Burials"

Life with food will begin the meeting. -Yi Li Li Shiyu

2. Business, social or other gatherings.

Will talk about danger. -"Biography of Li Hanguang"

To explain things. -"Historical Records Chen She Family"

This is a strike. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword"

3. Timing. If it happens at the right time.

4. The place where people gather; Major cities-usually administrative centers. Such as Huiyuan: provincial capital; City.

5. A group or organization established for a certain purpose. Such as guild hall, guild hall: the place where the envoys of various countries were received in the Ming Dynasty.

6. disaster; Bad luck.

There must be a meeting in 160 years, and "Guo" and "stripping" will be a disaster. -"The History of the Later Han Dynasty: A Praise for Dong Zhuo"

7. A small-scale non-governmental economic mutual assistance. Generally, the sponsors will gather several people to pay the same amount on schedule, which will be used by the sponsors for the first time and will be used in turn according to the agreement or the order decided by lottery.

I make reservations in various bookstores, and each store has three or two. -The Scholar

8. Names of meridians and acupoints in traditional Chinese medicine.

Bian Que made disciple Ziyang sharpen his knife to win the Three Yang and Five Clubs. -"Historical Records Biography of Bian Que and Cang Gong"

9. The ancient calendar in China used the unit of 10800.

Thirty years is a lifetime; The twelfth year is 360 years, which is luck; Thirty years is 1800, for a while; 12. accounting for129,600 years is one yuan. -Shao Yong's "Huang Jijing's Poetry Book"

Interpretation:

1, inevitably; Absolutely.

I have lost my gratitude and won't agree with you. -Peacocks in Gulefu fly southeast.

One day I will ride the wind and waves. -Don Li Bai, It's Hard to Go

2. It happened; Just right.

It will rain heavily. -"Historical Records Chen She Family"

Will be angry. -"Historical Records of Xiang Yu"

You will be lucky in the garden. -Wang Song Shu's "Tang Yulin Elegant"

It will rain heavily because I stay in the temple. -"Xu Xiake's Travel Notes, Visiting Huangshan Mountain"

Hold a grand banquet for the guests. -"Preface to Autumn Poetry, A New Record of Yuchu"

3. Indicate the scope. Equivalent to "all" and "all".

String, hum, sheng, spring, can keep the drum. -Book of Rites

Conjunction:

1, equivalent to "and", "with".

Assistant Minister Martai was sent to Chalang River to govern the country according to law, and Yu Yi took over the office. -"Liu Chuan Qing History Draft"

Yes: kuai

Verb meaning:

1, recognize the word. Original meaning: calculation; Total. This refers to the year-end settlement. After referring to accounting.

Yes, yes. -"Shuo Wen"

Yes, I will. -"Jade"

Yes, big plan. However, if you count zero as a plan, it is always worth it. -"Mencius Zhang Wan" Justice

Everything that cashiers in the field and warehouses do in their official positions is calculated on a monthly basis, tested on a quarterly basis and held at an annual meeting. -"Rizhilu" Volume 24

At the end of the year, yes, but not for the king and queen. -"Zhou Li Tianguan"

Listen to the meeting. -"Li Xiaozhou". Note: "The monthly plan is important, and the annual plan is in a meeting."

3. "Xie" means 1 in ancient Chinese. Dismember ... My skillful craftsman dismembered a cow for Wen. (If I remember correctly, it's from Zhuangzi).

Step 2 separate. The young man was surprised and quickly separated (the two promoters) to stop them (fighting). (It should be from Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio.

3. explain. This sentence depends on the context: "You were angry at first, but after I explained it, you didn't say that my words were affirmative, and you didn't answer a word." The companion's book, written by Lin Juemin in Qing Dynasty, is a letter to his wife. The translation is: "You were unhappy when you first heard my words. Later, after my gentle explanation, although you didn't say that I was right, you didn't say anything else. "

4. answer. Teachers are used to impart truth, knowledge and doubts. (Excerpted from Teacher Han Yu's Theory)

These sentences should be easy for a middle school student to explain. This student should study hard. It is always best to find the answer by yourself. Don't wait for others to tell you.

4. What are the meanings of the word "Xie" in ancient classical Chinese?

①& lt； ; move >:； Anatomy; Split. My skillful craftsman helps cows: "My skillful craftsman helps Wen help cows."

②& lt； ; move >:； Untie; Solve it. "Public Lose": "Zi Mozi untied the belt for the city."

③& lt； ; move >:； Elevator; Eliminate. "Jing Ke Stabbed the King of Qin": "There is a word today that can solve the problem of Yan State."

④& lt； ; move >:； Dissolve; Melting. Man Jing's Travels: "When the ice skin begins to dissolve, the waves are clear."

⑤& lt； ; move >:； Solve; Solve. "Shi Shuo": "I don't know a word, I can't understand it."

⑥& lt； ; move >:； Customs clearance; Evacuate the surrounding personnel. "Xinlingjun steals symbols to save Zhao": "Save Handan."

⑦& lt； ; move >:； It is said in Taoism that after death, the soul leaves the body and becomes immortal. Meihualing: "It is said that Master Yan used his troops to solve it."

⑧& lt； ; move >:； Relieve; Reconciliation. Touching the dragon said, "Empress Zhao": "The color of the Empress Dowager is rare."

⑨& lt； ; move >:； Explain; Explain. "Longzhong Dui": "Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, etc. If you are unhappy, the Lord will solve it first. "

⑩& lt； ; move >:； Understand; I see. "Book with Wife": "All mothers in the family can read, which is somewhat puzzling. Ask them for advice. "

⑾& lt； ; move >:； Yes; Close. Luo Yin's History of Xi: "If the history of Xi overthrew the State of Wu, who will be the vanquished of the State of Yue?"

⑿& lt； ; Name >; Insights; Knowledge. Zhang Shaochuan's "Southern History": "Metaphysics has no teacher's method, and God understands others."

⒀<； ; move >:； Relieve defecation; To relieve myself. Qi Jiguang's training record: "Pee in the toilet at night."

⒁<； ; Name >; A style used to dispel doubts. Such as Han Yu's Xue Jie.

Guier

①& lt； ; move >:； Send; Send. Song Shiju Zhi: "The people of the world live in the mountains, so that the prison can refuse to be an official."

②& lt； ; move >:； Escort; Escort "Water Margin": "The official document of Kaifeng House only called Xie Huo to go, but did not teach him the result."

Xiè

(1) the ancient word "slack". Slack. "The Book of Songs Elegant Man": "Solve the problem at night and let one person take care of it." "On Xu": "Song people have good deeds, which is beyond the understanding of the third generation."

② Surname

5. What is the meaning of "Xie" in ancient Chinese, including example sentences? It's best to write in Boya. Jade Piece is also slow. The interpretation of Xie Yi's hexagrams is hard to dispel. So the preface is a cloud: slow solution. The risk is difficult to explain, and things are very soothing, so it is also a solution.

It means distracting him. For example, the only remaining Biography of Zhang Er in the former Han Dynasty is the only king today, and I'm afraid the whole world will be solved.

Release it when it's solved. Explain stagnation and levy things correctly. For example, Wen Xin Wei Long asked about officials, which was related to the assassination of spies.

Take it off. For example, the interpretation of "Li Quli" is not worthy of ranking.

Say yes. For example, "Historical Records" and "Amenorrhea" take the wind as the solution and hand it over to the sea.

Talk also. A Japanese scholar also. For example, Shu's explanation is in the name of analysis.

Music solutions. For example, the songs in The Record of Ancient and Modern Music are interpreted by one sentence, and China by one chapter. Wang Qiyun, a monk, said: The ancient chapter is called precept, and this chapter is called precept.

Cut also. For example, in A Covenant between Lu and Yu, Jin Wengong explained that Cao Di divided princes.

Stop. For example, "Five Elements of the Former Han Dynasty" can't be understood in prison, so it is called chasing the wrong.

Open it, too Such as "Han Shu Geng Chunzan".

Dai Ya has four ways to solve Zhuangzi's autumn waters.

Deconstruction or idleness. For example, Xiao Weichuan of the later Han Dynasty should not be deconstructed by others.

It's really annoying to see you again. For example, in Huainan Wei Zi Heng Xun, who wants to deconstruct people's leisure and bother their lives with things?

Taoism has an autopsy. For example, Historical Records and Zen Mind Method Book are prescriptions.

Solution, the appearance of halberd. For example, the seventh chapter of the Yangtze River Taijing: He Ji's interpretation of Li.

Xiao Ye. As explained in The Sydney Chronicle. Another example is the Biography of Wei Zhi and Jia Xu, in which Mao fought Han Sui and Ma Chao in Weinan. Right: That's it. Mao said: solution.

Trace also. Such as "Er Ya Shi Beast", its trace solution. The explanation of its trace name in the comments.

Place names. Wang Shijun explains Twenty-two Years Left. There are big solutions and small solutions in the southwest of Luoyang.

State name and county name. For example, Spring and Autumn Annals unified Xie Liangcheng in Jin Dynasty, the Warring States belonged to Wei Dynasty, the Han Dynasty belonged to Xie Xianjun, and the latter belonged to Hedong County. It is for this reason that the Five Dynasties and the Han Dynasty began to set up Jiezhou and Zhijie counties, and the Yuan Dynasty belonged to Pingyang Road.

Last name. For example, "Guang Yun" came from Tang Shuyu Food City, and later changed its surname.

Compound surname. For example, there was Xie Pi's family in the Northern Wei Dynasty, which was later changed to Xie Shi.

In the bamboo. For example, the bow in "Examination of Gong Ji in Dongguan, Zhou Li" is artificial, so it is difficult to understand, so it is difficult to understand.

So are festivals. For example, the stripping and cutting of verbal attacks in the biography of Han Jia Yi is well known.

With slack. For example, "poetic" is not in place. "Note" solution, also lazy.

Just like evolution. For example, after Zheng Zitong's interpretation, the two met each other late and met unexpectedly.

Those who pay tribute to foreign governments without trying in the National History Supplement are called Xie. For example, in The History of the Song Dynasty, a man in the world found himself in a mountain forest and sent the minister of military guards off.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact ~

6. What do many Mo's solutions mean in classical Chinese? Domo's solution: the order of explanation should be "Domo's solution" and "everyone can't understand"

1. Original: "People paid Wei Wu a glass of cheese. Wei Wu spat and covered her head with the word "he" to show the public. Many mo solutions. The next time I go to Yang Xiu, I spit in the toilet and said, "What is there to doubt?"? "People pay Wei Wu a glass of cheese. Wei Wu spat and covered her head with the word "he" to show the public. Many mo solutions. The next time I go to Yang Xiu, I spit in the toilet and said, "What is there to doubt?"? "

2. Translation:

Someone presented a glass of dairy products to Cao Cao, Emperor Wu of Wei. Cao Cao drank a little and wrote the word "He" on the lid for everyone to see. No one can understand the reason for writing this word. When it was Yang Xiu's turn, he took a sip and said, "The master told us to have a bite. What is there to doubt?"

Precautions:

1. Reimbursement: presented with food.

2. Wei Wu: refers to Cao Cao, Emperor Wu of Wei.

3. Cheese: cattle and sheep

4. Title: Writing.

5. Time: in turn.

6. Here we are.

7. Yang Xiu: Cao Cao's counselor.

8. Teacher: Let's.

9. Eat.

10.fu: here we go again.

1 1.

12. Take away:

13. Mo: No.

14. Solution: Understanding

7. What does "classical Chinese" mean? Classical Chinese is relative to vernacular Chinese.

The first "article" refers to a written article. "Speech" means writing, expressing and recording.

"Classical Chinese", that is, written language, is relative to "spoken language", which is also called "vernacular". The last word "Wen" refers to works, articles, etc. , which means genre.

"Classical Chinese" means "articles written in written language". And "vernacular" means: "articles written in plain spoken language".

In ancient China, it was different to express the same thing in spoken and written language. For example, if you want to ask someone if they have eaten, you can express it orally as "Have you eaten?" And using books and language to express it is "rice?" . "Fanbu" is classical Chinese.

In ancient China, all articles were written in written language. Therefore, now we generally refer to ancient Chinese as "classical Chinese". China's classical Chinese is a treasure of China culture, and the ancients left us a lot of classical Chinese. In Chinese courses in China and middle schools, the study of classical Chinese accounts for a great part.

8. Explain the meaning of "strong" and "less" in classical Chinese.

Zhang

The crossbow is hard and powerful. Battle of Red Cliffs: "A crossbow cannot pierce Lu Tao."

2 refers to being strong and powerful. "Persuade to Learn": "Earthworms have nothing to gain from their minions, but their bones and muscles are weak."

Top 3; Strong. "Chen Qingbiao": "There is no service outside ~ close relatives, no one who answers the door." Strong again. "Qi Huan Jinwen Poetry": "Weak solid can't be the enemy ~"

④ Strengthening; Enhance. Li si's admonition to drive away the guests: "~ public office, private door."

5 tough; Earth. Zhou Chu: "When Zhou Chu was young, he was brave and chivalrous and suffered from the village."

6. Better than; Better than ... Su Shi's "Book of the Emperor": "Xuanzong's acceptance of Yan and Zhao, the restoration of the river and the restoration of the courtyard, lies in the constitution and martial arts." Be good at ...; Better than. Biography of Qu Yuan: "Good knowledge and ambition."

⑦ Yu; Have free time. "Mulan Poetry": "Twelve Turning Strategies, 100,000 ~"

Liling

(1) forced. "promoting weaving": "teenagers are solid ~ it."

2 forced. Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru: "The king of Qin can't take it away."

3 reluctantly. "Huang Sheng Borrows Books": "It's not a lady's business, but you must worry about others."

4 do your best; Do your best. Touching the dragon said "Empress Dowager Zhao": "The Empress Dowager refuses to accept it, and I am remonstrated."

ginger

Stubborn, tenacious and unyielding book and Chen Bo: "Only Betty's ambition is to dig between Sasai."

Strong death, strong death, unnatural death.

A powerful clan, a powerful family.

Forcing people to come out to be officials. Get up reluctantly.

Several descriptions of ancient China.

xiao he

(1) is small; Not much. "I am a country": "The people of neighboring countries don't add ~, and our people don't add much."

2. No shortage. "The hut was blown by the autumn wind": "How can you be wet all night if you sleep?"

3 look down; Light. "Looking at the ocean and sighing": "If you ask me to taste the taste of Zhong Ni and despise the meaning of Boyi, I will believe it." Hold ... as little; Despise the preface: "North dare not visit our country."

4 omitted; A little. Touch the dragon and say "Queen Zhao": "~ I am addicted to food, and I am in harmony with my body."

(5) Later; For a while. "Red Cliff Fu": "Why, the moon rises above the East Mountain."

Xiao Shao

1 young; Young. Chen She Family: "When I was in Chen She, I tried to plow with human servants."

2 young people; Youth. Shi Shuo: "So, neither expensive nor cheap, neither long nor long ~"

Row 3 is in the back. Touching the dragon and talking about Queen Zhao: "Does the husband also love the son?"