Appreciation of Zheng Guofeng Maple Tian Yu

The theme of this poem is obviously divided into two schools because of the different understanding of the word "uncle" in ancient and modern times. One school thinks that "uncle" refers to the uncle part of Zheng Zhuanggong's younger brother. "Preface to Mao Poetry" said: "Uncle Tian Yu" stabbed Zhuang Gong. My uncle is in Beijing. He is in charge of soldiers. He left the stadium and the people of China said he would come back. Ouyang Xiu's Original Meaning of Poetry said: "The uncle of the poet won the public and was loved by the Chinese people. "Although there are differences between Thorn and Zanduanshu, there is no difference in the contents of Yue and Qing in this poem. Another school thinks that "uncle" is not specific. Modern Chen Zizhan's "Book of Songs" directly explains: "Uncle Tian Yu praised the hunter's song. Cheng Junying explained in The Book of Songs that "this is a song praising hunters", thinking that "uncle" refers to young hunters; On the other hand, Yuan Mei's annotation of The Book of Songs inherited Zhu's Biography of Poetry and said, "This song shows a woman's true love for her lover." Thought "uncle" meant a male lover.

According to Zuo Zhuan Yin Gongyuan, Duan Yong, a great uncle, was gifted and loved by his mother Wujiang. After being sealed in the capital, he rearmed and sent troops to attack Zheng Zhuanggong, but he failed to escape. If the "uncle" in the poem is a great uncle, then this poem should be written by its supporters, but according to the text, there is no evidence. As for saying that there is a "thorn" in the poem, it is even more nonsense. Therefore, naturally, many people today do not attach importance to the theory of Preface to Shi Mao. The author thinks that from the text itself, Praise the Hunter should be the most tenable. Although the ability is not tested, it is not limited by specific personnel, and the sense of motivation has the power to transcend time and space without stimulation.

Among the 300 pieces of The Book of Songs, Shu Tian Yu is not a very striking chapter, but if its artistic achievements are concerned, this poem can be compared with those excellent works. The poem is divided into three chapters, which are purely composed of fu, but there are ups and downs in the beauty of fluency and harmony, and the characterization is vivid, which is similar to the fake music. Its success lies not only in the arrangement of repeated chapters in the Book of Songs, but also in the artistic techniques of asking and answering questions and exaggerating comparisons.

Repetition of chapters and paragraphs is the most important structural feature in The Book of Songs, and its origin can be traced back to singing in sacrificial ceremonies in the primitive oral culture society. The function of repetition can be compared to rhyme, which is a potential psychological harmony, reappearing the main theme repeatedly and arousing the audience or readers' cognition and experience. The sentence structure of the three chapters of Shu Tian Yu is the same, which, like other chapters with similar structures in The Book of Songs, has a reciprocating sound effect, and at the same time, the repetition deepens the impression of the audience or readers on the protagonist Shu. However, this kind of repetition is changeable, and each sentence in each chapter is replaced by several words, which not only maintains the sense of rhythm, but also deepens the theme. In fact, in modern music, this poem is a segmented song, and the phrase "not as good as uncle" is the only chorus lyric.

The repetition of chapters and sentences is naturally not Shu Yutian's patent, but its unique characteristics are self-answering questions and exaggeration. In each chapter, the second sentence is nobody in the lane, no wine in the lane and no horse in the lane, the third sentence is nobody in the lane, no wine in the lane and no horse in the lane, the fourth sentence is not as good as uncle, and the fifth sentence is goodness, goodness and harmony. Kyle's Reading Poems and Understanding Notes commented: "It is the strangest thing to say that you can be alert, flip and turn, and make the best use of everything. Wu Kaisheng's "Poetry Will Pass" also said: "So, writing strange sentences and self-explanation, the writer's escape is also." . "This wonderful pen stands out. In fact, this skill of asking and answering originated from Oracle Bone Inscriptions, a businessman who was intentionally imitated by Zhou people. In Oracle Bone Inscriptions, because of praying for God, it is necessary to record the positive and negative results on the tortoise shell and judge by God, which leads to the origin of this syntax. In this poem, one is right and the other is wrong. Truth and doubt are expressed at the same time. The main reason lies in the conclusion (Chen Zhenyu's words) that "it is not as good as uncle" with the pen and ink of "sudden surprise". Exaggerated descriptions such as "no one in the lane", "no wine in the lane" and "no horse in the lane" emphasize the contrast between the mediocrity that everyone is not as good as uncle and the Excellence of uncle's beauty (harmony, harmony and martial arts) to the extreme. It is also very human and has a strong sensational effect to express the beautiful image of "uncle" through the details of life such as Curie, drinking and riding. The last sentence of the poem escapes after explaining the main content of the sentence "not as good as uncle", which not only enriches the theme, but also makes the exaggerated description of "uncle" appear justified and credible.

In a word, although this poem is not a famous one in The Book of Songs, its aesthetic value should not be underestimated. Qian Zhongshu's Guanzuibian pointed out that the sentence "Bole crossed the wilderness of northern Hebei, and the horse was empty, so there was no good horse" in Tang Hanyu's Preface to Sending Wen He Yang Jun came from this poem syntactically, and its influence on later generations can be seen.